In Oracle/PLSQL, the substr functions allows you to extract a substring from a string.
Syntax
The syntax for the substr function is:
substr( string, start_position, [ length ] )
string is the source string.
start_position is the position for extraction. The first position in the string is always 1.
length is optional. It is the number of characters to extract. If this parameter is omitted, substr will return the entire string.
Note
If start_position is 0, then substr treats start_position as 1 (ie: the first position in the string).
If start_position is a positive number, then substr starts from the beginning of the string.
If start_position is a negative number, then substr starts from the end of the string and counts backwards.
If length is a negative number, then substr will return a NULL value.
Applies To
For Example
| substr('This is a test', 6, 2) | would return 'is' |
| substr('This is a test', 6) | would return 'is a test' |
| substr('TechOnTheNet', 1, 4) | would return 'Tech' |
| substr('TechOnTheNet', -3, 3) | would return 'Net' |
| substr('TechOnTheNet', -6, 3) | would return 'The' |
| substr('TechOnTheNet', -8, 2) | would return 'On' |