Spring Security实现用户认证四：使用JWT与Redis实现无状态认证

1 什么是无状态认证？

在基本的通信流程中，我们一般采用Session去存储用户的认证状态。在Spring Security实现用户认证三中讲过，在拿到前端传输过来的用户名和密码之后，会有专门的过滤器UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter处理这部分的需求，并且对认证成功的用户生成Token且存储在Session中。在下次发起请求时，直接从Session中取出同用户名的token进行密码哈希的比较要认证用户。

对于无状态认证，则我们的认证不依赖与服务器端存储的Session的状态。所以无状态认证需要我们每次从前端传输一个包含完整认证信息的Token到服务器端进行自定义的认证过程，这使得服务器无需存储和管理会话数据。常见的无状态认证方法包括 JSON Web Token (JWT)、API Key和 OAuth 2.0。

2 什么是JWT？

JWT（JSON Web Token）是一种基于JSON的开放标准（RFC 7519），用于在各方之间传递信息。JWT可以进行数字签名，并且可以选择加密其内容。它定义了一种紧凑和自包含的方式，可以通过URL、POST参数或HTTP头在各方之间安全地传输信息。此信息可以进行验证和信任，因为它是经过数字签名的，但是签名不能保证数据的机密性。JWT 可以使用 HMAC 算法、RSA 或 ECDSA 的公钥/私钥对进行签名。

JWT最常见的用途是用户身份验证。一旦用户登录成功，服务器会生成一个JWT并返回给客户端。客户端将JWT存储在本地（如localStorage或cookie），并在每次请求时将其发送到服务器，服务器通过验证JWT来验证用户身份。

2.1 需要注意的事项

保密：不要在JWT中存储敏感信息，因为JWT是可以被解码的。
过期处理：设置合理的过期时间，并且在需要时支持刷新令牌机制。
使用HTTPS：确保在传输JWT时使用HTTPS，防止中间人攻击。

2.2 JWT构成

JWT由三个主要部分构成：Header（头部）、Payload（负载）和 Signature（签名）。每个部分都有其特定的作用和结构。

Header（头部）
头部通常包含两个部分：令牌类型和使用的签名算法。头部数据结构为一个JSON对象，然后进行Base64Url编码。

{
  "alg": "HS256",
  "typ": "JWT"
}

Payload（负载）
负载部分包含了声明（claims），即需要传输的数据。这些数据可以是关于用户的信息或者其他的元数据。声明可以分为三类：

Registered claims（注册声明）：预定义的一些声明，如 iss（签发者），exp（过期时间），sub（主题），aud（受众）。
Public claims（公共声明）：可以自定义的声明，但为了避免冲突，应使用URI命名。
Private claims（私有声明）：由双方约定的声明，用于信息交换。

{
  "sub": "1234567890",
  "name": "John Doe",
  "admin": true
}

Signature（签名）
签名部分用于验证消息的发送者和确保消息在传递过程中未被篡改。签名的生成过程如下：

将编码后的Header和Payload用句点 (.) 连接起来：

base64UrlEncode(header) + "." + base64UrlEncode(payload)

使用头部中指定的签名算法，并结合一个密钥对上述连接的字符串进行签名。
对于HMAC SHA256算法，签名过程如下：

HMACSHA256(
  base64UrlEncode(header) + "." + base64UrlEncode(payload),
  secret
)

最终，JWT的格式为：

header.payload.signature

3 Spring Security + JWT实现无状态认证

登录认证流程如上。

3.1 创建一个Spring Boot项目

3.1.1 依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-apiartifactId>
    <version>0.12.3version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-implartifactId>
    <version>0.12.3version>
    <scope>runtimescope>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
    <artifactId>jjwt-jacksonartifactId> 
    <version>0.12.3version>
    <scope>runtimescope>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-securityartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
    <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
dependency>


<dependency>
    <groupId>tk.mybatisgroupId>
    <artifactId>mapperartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>javax.persistencegroupId>
    <artifactId>persistence-apiartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
    <version>8.0.28version>
dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
    <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-3-starterartifactId>
    <version>1.2.21version>
dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
    <artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
dependency>

3.1.2 Main

package com.song.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.song.cloud.mapper")
public class ServiceSecurityJwt6501 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceSecurityJwt6501.class, args);
    }
}

3.1.3 application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: service-security-jwt

  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    username: root
    password: root
    # 注意修改数据库名字
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test? characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimeZone=GMT%2B8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
  data:  # 配置redis
    redis:
      port: 6379
      host: 192.168.62.128
      password: 1234

app:
  jwt-sign-secret: gOk33w29WESOMEx8vUQLb69AsGhlUb7UmrFwu3g2TOo=
  jwt-expiration-milliseconds: 604800000  # 七天过期

server:
  port: 6501


logging:
  level:
    web: debug
    org.springframework.security: debug

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.song.cloud.entities  # 注意修改成自己的包名
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true

3.2 Controller

3.2.1 LoginController

用来处理

package com.song.cloud.controller;

import com.song.cloud.entities.User;
import com.song.cloud.service.UserService;
import com.song.cloud.utils.JwtTokenProvider;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.DelegatingPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class LoginController {

    @Resource
    private JwtTokenProvider jwtTokenProvider;

    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @Resource
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    @PostMapping("/api/auth")
    public String auth(@RequestBody User user){
        System.out.println(user);

        UserDetails userDetails =  userService.loadUserDetail(user);
        PasswordEncoder delegatingPasswordEncoder = PasswordEncoderFactories.createDelegatingPasswordEncoder();
        boolean matches = delegatingPasswordEncoder.matches(user.getPasswordHash(), userDetails.getPassword());
        if(matches){
            UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken.authenticated(userDetails.getUsername(), userDetails.getPassword(), userDetails.getAuthorities());
            token.setDetails(userDetails);
            System.out.println(token);
            //保存token到redis
            redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(userDetails.getUsername(), token);
            return jwtTokenProvider.generateToken(token);
        }
        return "fail";
    }
}

3.3.2 IndexController

package com.song.cloud.controller;

import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContext;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolderStrategy;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class IndexController {

    @GetMapping("/")
    public Map index() {

        SecurityContext context = SecurityContextHolder.getContext();
        Authentication authentication = context.getAuthentication();
        Object principal = authentication.getPrincipal();
        Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities = authentication.getAuthorities(); //脱敏处理
        Object credentials = authentication.getCredentials();

        HashMap<Object, Object> map = new HashMap<>();

        map.put("username", authentication.getName());
        map.put("authorities", authorities);
        map.put("credentials", credentials);
        map.put("details", authentication.getDetails());
        map.put("principal", principal);
        
        return map;

    }
}

3.3 User Entity

package com.song.cloud.entities;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

/**
 * 表名：t_users_test
*/
@Table(name = "t_users_test")
public class User {
    /**
     * id
     */
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "JDBC")
    private Long id;

    /**
     * 用户名
     */
    private String username;

    /**
     * 密码hash
     */
    @Column(name = "password_hash")
    private String passwordHash;

    /**
     * 是否启用
     */
    private Boolean enable;

    /**
     * 获取id
     *
     * @return id - id
     */
    public Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    /**
     * 设置id
     *
     * @param id id
     */
    public void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    /**
     * 获取用户名
     *
     * @return username - 用户名
     */
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    /**
     * 设置用户名
     *
     * @param username 用户名
     */
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    /**
     * 获取密码hash
     *
     * @return passwordHash - 密码hash
     */
    public String getPasswordHash() {
        return passwordHash;
    }

    /**
     * 设置密码hash
     *
     * @param passwordHash 密码hash
     */
    public void setPasswordHash(String passwordHash) {
        this.passwordHash = passwordHash;
    }

    /**
     * 获取是否启用
     *
     * @return enable - 是否启用
     */
    public Boolean getEnable() {
        return enable;
    }

    /**
     * 设置是否启用
     *
     * @param enable 是否启用
     */
    public void setEnable(Boolean enable) {
        this.enable = enable;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "enable=" + enable +
                ", id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", passwordHash='" + passwordHash + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3.4 Service

UserService

package com.song.cloud.service;

import com.song.cloud.entities.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserService {
    UserDetails loadUserDetail(User user);
}

UserServiceImpl

package com.song.cloud.service.impl;

import com.song.cloud.config.DBUserDetailManager;
import com.song.cloud.entities.User;
import com.song.cloud.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.song.cloud.service.UserService;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.factory.PasswordEncoderFactories;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {

    @Resource
    private DBUserDetailManager dbUserDetailsManager;

    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public List<User> list() {
        return userMapper.selectAll();
    }

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserDetail(User user) {
        return dbUserDetailsManager.loadUserByUsername(user.getUsername());
    }

}

3.5 UserMapper.java

package com.song.cloud.mapper;

import com.song.cloud.entities.User;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;

public interface UserMapper extends Mapper<User> {
}

3.6 UserMapper.xml

注意将相应信息改成自己的。包路径、实体名、mapper类名等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.song.cloud.mapper.UserMapper">
  <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.song.cloud.entities.User">
    <!--
      WARNING - @mbg.generated
    -->
    <id column="id" jdbcType="BIGINT" property="id" />
    <result column="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="username" />
    <result column="password_hash" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="passwordHash" />
    <result column="enable" jdbcType="BIT" property="enable" />
  </resultMap>
</mapper>

3.7 JwtTokenProvider.java

主要用来创建JwtToken的。

package com.song.cloud.utils;

import io.jsonwebtoken.*;
import io.jsonwebtoken.io.Decoders;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.Keys;
import io.jsonwebtoken.security.SignatureException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import java.util.Date;

@Component
public class JwtTokenProvider {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JwtTokenProvider.class);

    @Value("${app.jwt-sign-secret}")
    private String jwtSignSecret;

    @Value("${app.jwt-expiration-milliseconds}")
    private long jwtExpirationDate;

    // 生成 JWT token
    public String generateToken(Authentication authentication) {
        // 构建一个JWT，它的注册声明（Subject）设为 username
        String username = authentication.getName();

        Date currentDate = new Date();

        Date expireDate = new Date(currentDate.getTime() + jwtExpirationDate);

        // 使用适合HMAC-SHA-256算法的密钥对JWT进行签名。
        // 将其紧凑压缩为最终的字符串形式。签名后的JWT称为'token'。
        String token = Jwts.builder()
                .issuer("backend")
                .subject(username)
                .issuedAt(new Date())
                .expiration(expireDate)
                .signWith(key())
                .compact();

        return token;
    }

    private SecretKey key() {
        return Keys.hmacShaKeyFor(
                //从base64解码得到byte[]
                Decoders.BASE64.decode(jwtSignSecret)
        );
    }

    // 从 Jwt token 获取用户名
    public String getUsername(String token) {
        Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                .verifyWith(key())
                .build()
                .parseSignedClaims(token)
                .getPayload();

        return claims.getSubject();
    }

    // 验证 Jwt token
    public boolean validateToken(String token) {
        try {
            Jwts.parser()
                    .verifyWith(key())
                    .build()
                    .parse(token);
            return true;
        } catch (MalformedJwtException e) {
            logger.error("Invalid JWT token: {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
            logger.error("JWT token is expired: {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (UnsupportedJwtException e) {
            logger.error("JWT token is unsupported: {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            logger.error("JWT claims string is empty: {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (SignatureException e){
            logger.error("JWT signature validation fails: {}", e.getMessage());
        }
        return false;
    }
}

3.8 Redis配置类

package com.song.cloud.config;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.Module;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.*;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.jackson2.SecurityJackson2Modules;

import java.util.*;

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.setValueSerializer(new JdkSerializationRedisSerializer());
        return template;
    }

}

3.9 MyRedisSecurityContextRepository.java

实现了SecurityContextRepository，使用redis存储和管理SecurityContext 。

package com.song.cloud.config;

import com.song.cloud.utils.JwtTokenProvider;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContext;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolderStrategy;
import org.springframework.security.web.context.HttpRequestResponseHolder;
import org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

@Component
public class MyRedisSecurityContextRepository implements SecurityContextRepository {

    @Resource
    private JwtTokenProvider jwtTokenProvider;

    @Resource
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;

    private final SecurityContextHolderStrategy contextHolderStrategy = SecurityContextHolder.getContextHolderStrategy();

    @Override
    public SecurityContext loadContext(HttpRequestResponseHolder requestResponseHolder) {
        SecurityContext emptyContext = this.contextHolderStrategy.createEmptyContext();
        HttpServletRequest request = requestResponseHolder.getRequest();
        String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
        if(!StringUtils.hasText(token)) return emptyContext;
        String username = jwtTokenProvider.getUsername(token);
        if(username == null) return emptyContext;
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken = (UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken)redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(username);
        emptyContext.setAuthentication(usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken);

        return emptyContext;
    }

    @Override
    public void saveContext(SecurityContext context, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println("saveContext-----------------------------------------");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean containsContext(HttpServletRequest request) {
        System.out.println("containsContext------------------------------------");
        CharSequence authorization = request.getHeader("Authorization");
        return StringUtils.hasText(authorization);
    }
}

3.10 DBUserDetailManager.java

用于实现数据库认证

package com.song.cloud.config;

import com.song.cloud.entities.User;
import com.song.cloud.mapper.UserMapper;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsPasswordService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.entity.Example;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

@Component
public class DBUserDetailManager implements UserDetailsManager, UserDetailsPasswordService, Serializable {

    @Resource
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    private Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities;

    private DBUserDetailManager(ArrayList<GrantedAuthority> authorities){
        this.authorities = authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public UserDetails updatePassword(UserDetails user, String newPassword) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void createUser(UserDetails userDetails) {
    }

    @Override
    public void updateUser(UserDetails user) {
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteUser(String username) {
    }

    @Override
    public void changePassword(String oldPassword, String newPassword) {

    }

    @Override
    public boolean userExists(String username) {
        return false;
    }

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        System.out.println("进入：DBUserDetailManager ");
        //查询数据库根据用户名
        Example example = new Example(User.class);
        Example.Criteria criteria = example.createCriteria();

        criteria.andEqualTo("username", username);

        User user = userMapper.selectOneByExample(example);

        authorities.add(() -> "rule");

        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException(username);
        }

        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(
                user.getUsername(),
                user.getPasswordHash(),
                true,
                true,
                true,
                true,
                authorities
        );

    }
}

3.11 SpringSecurityConfig配置类

配置Spring Security的配置类

package com.song.cloud.config;

import com.song.cloud.handler.JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import com.song.cloud.handler.MyAuthenticationEntryPoint;
import com.song.cloud.handler.MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
import jakarta.annotation.Resource;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.Customizer;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.configuration.AuthenticationConfiguration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configurers.AbstractHttpConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.SecurityFilterChain;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SpringSecurityConfig {

    @Resource
    private MyRedisSecurityContextRepository myRedisSecurityContextRepository;

    @Bean
    public static PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Bean
    SecurityFilterChain securityFilterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {

        http.authorizeHttpRequests((authorize) -> {
            authorize.requestMatchers("/api/auth/**").permitAll();
            authorize.anyRequest().authenticated();
        }).formLogin(Customizer.withDefaults());

        http.sessionManagement(session->{
           session.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
        });

        http.securityContext(context->{
            context.securityContextRepository(myRedisSecurityContextRepository);
        });

        http.exceptionHandling(exception -> {
           exception.authenticationEntryPoint(new MyAuthenticationEntryPoint());
        });

        http.csrf(AbstractHttpConfigurer::disable);
        http.cors(Customizer.withDefaults());
        return http.build();
    }

    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager(AuthenticationConfiguration configuration) throws Exception {
        return configuration.getAuthenticationManager();
    }
}

3.12 MyAuthenticationEntryPoint

处理认证失败的请求。

package com.song.cloud.handler;

import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
import com.song.cloud.resp.ResultData;
import com.song.cloud.resp.ReturnCodeEnum;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.web.AuthenticationEntryPoint;

import java.io.IOException;

public class MyAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {

    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException {
        System.out.println("进入：MyAuthenticationEntryPoint");
        String localizedMessage = authException.getLocalizedMessage();

        ResultData<Object> fail = ResultData.fail(String.valueOf(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED), localizedMessage);

        String jsonStr = JSONUtil.toJsonStr(fail);


        response.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().print(jsonStr);
    }
}

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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45248370/article/details/139220648