SpringMVC07、整合SSM

7、整合SSM

7.1、环境要求

环境：

IDEA
MySQL 5.7.19
Tomcat 9
Maven 3.6

要求：
需要熟练掌握MySQL数据库，Spring，JavaWeb及MyBatis知识，简单的前端知识；

7.2、数据库环境

创建一个存放书籍数据的数据库表


CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`;
USE `ssmbuild`;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`;
CREATE TABLE `books` (
  `bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
  `bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
  `bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
  `detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
  KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT  INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

7.3、基本环境搭建

新建一Maven项目！ ssmbuild ，添加web的支持
导入相关的pom依赖！


<dependencies>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junitgroupId>
        <artifactId>junitartifactId>
        <version>4.12version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
        <version>5.1.47version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.mchangegroupId>
        <artifactId>c3p0artifactId>
        <version>0.9.5.2version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-apiartifactId>
        <version>2.5version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet.jspgroupId>
        <artifactId>jsp-apiartifactId>
        <version>2.2version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
        <artifactId>jstlartifactId>
        <version>1.2version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
        <artifactId>mybatisartifactId>
        <version>3.5.2version>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatisgroupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-springartifactId>
        <version>2.0.2version>
    dependency>
    
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvcartifactId>
        <version>5.1.9.RELEASEversion>
    dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
        <version>5.1.9.RELEASEversion>
    dependency>
dependencies>

Maven资源过滤设置


<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/javadirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
                <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
            includes>
            <filtering>falsefiltering>
        resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resourcesdirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.propertiesinclude>
                <include>**/*.xmlinclude>
            includes>
            <filtering>falsefiltering>
        resource>
    resources>
build>

建立基本结构和配置框架！

com.kuang.pojo
com.kuang.dao
com.kuang.service
com.kuang.controller
mybatis-config.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
configuration>

applicationContext.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
beans>

7.4、Mybatis层编写

数据库配置文件 database.properties


jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

IDEA关联数据库
编写MyBatis的核心配置文件


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
    typeAliases>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/kuang/dao/BookMapper.xml"/>
    mappers>
configuration>

编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books

使用lombok插件！


package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
    private int bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;
}

编写Dao层的 Mapper接口！


package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books book);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List queryAllBook();
}

编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包；


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">
    
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
    insert>
    
    <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID=#{bookID}
    delete>
    
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    update>
    
    <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    select>
    
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        SELECT * from ssmbuild.books
    select>
mapper>

编写Service层的接口和实现类

接口：


package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
//BookService:底下需要去实现,调用dao层
public interface BookService {
    //增加一个Book
    int addBook(Books book);
    //根据id删除一个Book
    int deleteBookById(int id);
    //更新Book
    int updateBook(Books books);
    //根据id查询,返回一个Book
    Books queryBookById(int id);
    //查询全部Book,返回list集合
    List queryAllBook();
}

实现类：


package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    //调用dao层的操作，设置一个set接口，方便Spring管理
    private BookMapper bookMapper;
    public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
        this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
    }
    public int addBook(Books book) {
        return bookMapper.addBook(book);
    }
    public int deleteBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
    }
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
    }
    public Books queryBookById(int id) {
        return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
    }
    public List queryAllBook() {
        return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
    }
}

OK，到此，底层需求操作编写完毕！

7.5、Spring层

配置Spring整合MyBatis，我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池；
我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件； spring-dao.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
    
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
    
    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
        
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    bean>
    
    
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"/>
    bean>
beans>

Spring整合service层


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service" />
    
    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
    bean>
    
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    bean>
beans>

Spring层搞定！再次理解一下，Spring就是一个大杂烩，一个容器！对吧！

7.6、SpringMVC层

web.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
               
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xmlparam-value>
        init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
    servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>DispatcherServletservlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
    servlet-mapping>
    
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
        filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encodingparam-name>
            <param-value>utf-8param-value>
        init-param>
    filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilterfilter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
    filter-mapping>
    
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>15session-timeout>
    session-config>
web-app>

spring-mvc.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    
    
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    bean>
    
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller" />
beans>

Spring配置整合文件，applicationContext.xml


"1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
beans>

配置文件，暂时结束！Controller 和视图层编写

BookController 类编写，方法一：查询全部书籍


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
    private BookService bookService;
    @RequestMapping("/allBook")
    public String list(Model model) {
        List list = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", list);
        return "allBook";
    }
}

编写首页 index.jsp


<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
HTML>
<html>
<head>
    <title>首页title>
    <style type="text/css">
        a {
            text-decoration: none;
            color: black;
            font-size: 18px;
        }
        h3 {
            width: 180px;
            height: 38px;
            margin: 100px auto;
            text-align: center;
            line-height: 38px;
            background: deepskyblue;
            border-radius: 4px;
        }
    style>
head>
<body>
<h3>
    <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">点击进入列表页a>
h3>
body>
html>

书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp


<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>书籍列表title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍small>
                h1>
            div>
        div>
    div>
    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-md-4 column">
            <a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增a>
        div>
    div>
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <table class="table table-hover table-striped">
                <thead>
                <tr>
                    <th>书籍编号th>
                    <th>书籍名字th>
                    <th>书籍数量th>
                    <th>书籍详情th>
                    <th>操作th>
                tr>
                thead>
                <tbody>
                <c:forEach var="book" items="${requestScope.get('list')}">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${book.getBookID()}td>
                        <td>${book.getBookName()}td>
                        <td>${book.getBookCounts()}td>
                        <td>${book.getDetail()}td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.getBookID()}">更改a> |
                            <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.getBookID()}">删除a>
                        td>
                    tr>
                c:forEach>
                tbody>
            table>
        div>
    div>
div>

BookController 类编写，方法二：添加书籍


@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper() {
    return "addBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addPaper(Books books) {
    System.out.println(books);
    bookService.addBook(books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

添加书籍页面：addBook.jsp


<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>新增书籍title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>新增书籍small>
                h1>
            div>
        div>
    div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName"><br><br><br>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts"><br><br><br>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail"><br><br><br>
        <input type="submit" value="添加">
    form>
div>

BookController 类编写，方法三：修改书籍


@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdateBook(Model model, int id) {
    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
    System.out.println(books);
    model.addAttribute("book",books );
    return "updateBook";
}
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Model model, Books book) {
    System.out.println(book);
    bookService.updateBook(book);
    Books books = bookService.queryBookById(book.getBookID());
    model.addAttribute("books", books);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp


<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>修改信息title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    
    <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
head>
<body>
<div class="container">
    <div class="row clearfix">
        <div class="col-md-12 column">
            <div class="page-header">
                <h1>
                    <small>修改信息small>
                h1>
            div>
        div>
    div>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${book.getBookID()}"/>
        书籍名称：<input type="text" name="bookName" value="${book.getBookName()}"/>
        书籍数量：<input type="text" name="bookCounts" value="${book.getBookCounts()}"/>
        书籍详情：<input type="text" name="detail" value="${book.getDetail() }"/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    form>
div>

BookController 类编写，方法四：删除书籍


@RequestMapping("/del/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id) {
    bookService.deleteBookById(id);
    return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}

配置Tomcat，进行运行！

到目前为止，这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了，可以直接运行进行测试！这个练习十分的重要，大家需要保证，不看任何东西，自己也可以完整的实现出来！

项目结构图

7.7、小结及展望

这个是同学们的第一个SSM整合案例，一定要烂熟于心！

SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的，学到这里，大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里，大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。也就是能找一个后台相关工作的底线。

或许很多人，工作就做这些事情，但是对于个人的提高来说，还远远不够！

我们后面还要学习一些 SpringMVC 的知识！

Ajax 和 Json
文件上传和下载
拦截器

SpringBoot、SpringCloud开发！

7.8、实现查询书籍功能

前端页面增加一个输入框和查询按钮


<div class="col-md-4 column">div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
    <form class="form-inline" action="/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
        <input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
        <input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
    form>
div>

编写查询的Controller


@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
    System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
    //业务逻辑还没有写
    return "allBook";
}

由于底层没有实现，所以我们要将底层代码先搞定
Mapper接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

Mapper.xml

Service接口

//根据id查询,返回一个Book
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);

完善Controller


@RequestMapping("/queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
    System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
    Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
    List list = new ArrayList();
    list.add(books);
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "allBook";
}

测试，查询功能OK！
无聊优化！我们发现查询的东西不存在的时候，查出来的页面是空的，我们可以提高一下用户的体验性！
1. 在前端添加一个展示全部书籍的按钮


2. 并在后台增加一些判断性的代码！
   ```java
   @RequestMapping("/queryBook")
   public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
       System.out.println("要查询的书籍:"+queryBookName);
       //如果查询的数据存在空格，则优化
       Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName.trim()); 
       List list = new ArrayList();
       list.add(books);
       //如果没有查出来书籍，则返回全部书籍列表
       if (books==null){
           list = bookService.queryAllBook();
           model.addAttribute("error", "没有找到本书！");
       }
       model.addAttribute("list", list);
       return "allBook";
   }
   ```
3. 将错误信息展示在前台页面！完整的查询栏代码
   ```jsp
   "row">
       "col-md-4 column">
           "btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增
           "btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍

"col-md-8 column">
"form-inline" action="/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float: right">
"color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}
"text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="输入查询书名" required>
"submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">