• 【libGDX】初识libGDX

    1 前言

            libGDX 是一个开源且跨平台的 Java 游戏开发框架，于 2010 年 3 月 11 日推出 0.1 版本，它通过 OpenGL ES 2.0/3.0 渲染图像，支持 Windows、Linux、macOS、Android、iOS、Web 等平台，提供了统一的 API，用户只需要写一套代码就可以在多个平台上运行，官方介绍见 → Features。

            libGDX 相关链接如下：

    2 libGDX 环境搭建

            1）下载 gdx-setup

            官方下载链接：gdx-setup.jar，如果网速较慢，用户也可以从这里下载：libGDX全套工具包。

            2）生成项目

            双击 gdx-setup.jar 文件，填写 Project name、Package name、Game Class、Output folder、Android SDK、Supported Platforms 等信息，点击 Generate 生成项目。官方介绍见 → Generate a Project。

            注意：JDK 最低版为 11，见官方说明 → Set Up a Dev Environment。

            3）打开项目

            使用 Android Studio 打开生成的 Drop 项目，等待自动下载依赖，项目结构如下。

            注意：如果选择了 Android 启动，需要在 gradle.properties 文件中添加 AndroidX 支持，如下。

    android.useAndroidX=true

            DesktopLauncher.java

    1. package com.zhyan8.drop;
    2.  
    3. import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl3.Lwjgl3Application;
    4. import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.lwjgl3.Lwjgl3ApplicationConfiguration;
    5.  
    6. public class DesktopLauncher {
    7. 	public static void main (String[] arg) {
    8. 		Lwjgl3ApplicationConfiguration config = new Lwjgl3ApplicationConfiguration();
    9. 		config.setForegroundFPS(60);
    10. 		config.setTitle("Drop");
    11. 		new Lwjgl3Application(new Drop(), config);
    12. 	}
    13. }

            AndroidLauncher.java

    1. package com.zhyan8.drop;
    2.  
    3. import android.os.Bundle;
    4.  
    5. import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.android.AndroidApplication;
    6. import com.badlogic.gdx.backends.android.AndroidApplicationConfiguration;
    7.  
    8. public class AndroidLauncher extends AndroidApplication {
    9. 	@Override
    10. 	protected void onCreate (Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    11. 		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    12. 		AndroidApplicationConfiguration config = new AndroidApplicationConfiguration();
    13. 		initialize(new Drop(), config);
    14. 	}
    15. }

            Drop.java

    1. package com.zhyan8.drop;
    2.  
    3. import com.badlogic.gdx.ApplicationAdapter;
    4. import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
    5. import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch;
    6. import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.ScreenUtils;
    7.  
    8. public class Drop extends ApplicationAdapter {
    9. 	SpriteBatch batch;
    10. 	Texture img;
    11.  
    12. 	@Override
    13. 	public void create () {
    14. 		batch = new SpriteBatch();
    15. 		img = new Texture("badlogic.jpg");
    16. 	}
    17.  
    18. 	@Override
    19. 	public void render () {
    20. 		ScreenUtils.clear(1, 0, 0, 1);
    21. 		batch.begin();
    22. 		batch.draw(img, 0, 0);
    23. 		batch.end();
    24. 	}
    25.  
    26. 	@Override
    27. 	public void dispose () {
    28. 		batch.dispose();
    29. 		img.dispose();
    30. 	}
    31. }

            4）运行项目（点击操作）

            Desktop：

            Android：

            运行效果如下。

            5）运行项目（通过命令）

            可以通过在 Terminal 中运行以下命令来运行项目，见官方介绍 → Importing & Running。

            Desktop：

    ./gradlew desktop:run

            Android：

    ./gradlew android:installDebug android:run

            iOS：

    ./gradlew ios:launchIPhoneSimulator

            HTML：

    ./gradlew html:superDev

    3 libGDX 官方案例

            官方接水游戏见 → A Simple Game。

            在第二节的基础上，修改 Drop.java，如下。

            Drop.java

    1. package com.zhyan8.drop;
    2.  
    3. import java.util.Iterator;
    4.  
    5. import com.badlogic.gdx.ApplicationAdapter;
    6. import com.badlogic.gdx.Gdx;
    7. import com.badlogic.gdx.Input.Keys;
    8. import com.badlogic.gdx.audio.Music;
    9. import com.badlogic.gdx.audio.Sound;
    10. import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.OrthographicCamera;
    11. import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.Texture;
    12. import com.badlogic.gdx.graphics.g2d.SpriteBatch;
    13. import com.badlogic.gdx.math.MathUtils;
    14. import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Rectangle;
    15. import com.badlogic.gdx.math.Vector3;
    16. import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.Array;
    17. import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.ScreenUtils;
    18. import com.badlogic.gdx.utils.TimeUtils;
    19.  
    20. public class Drop extends ApplicationAdapter {
    21. 	private Texture dropImage;
    22. 	private Texture bucketImage;
    23. 	private Sound dropSound;
    24. 	private Music rainMusic;
    25. 	private SpriteBatch batch;
    26. 	private OrthographicCamera camera;
    27. 	private Rectangle bucket;
    28. 	private Array raindrops;
    29. 	private long lastDropTime;
    30.  
    31. 	@Override
    32. 	public void create() {
    33. 		// load the images for the droplet and the bucket, 64x64 pixels each
    34. 		dropImage = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("droplet.png"));
    35. 		bucketImage = new Texture(Gdx.files.internal("bucket.png"));
    36.  
    37. 		// load the drop sound effect and the rain background "music"
    38. 		dropSound = Gdx.audio.newSound(Gdx.files.internal("drop.mp3"));
    39. 		rainMusic = Gdx.audio.newMusic(Gdx.files.internal("rain.mp3"));
    40.  
    41. 		// start the playback of the background music immediately
    42. 		rainMusic.setLooping(true);
    43. 		rainMusic.play();
    44.  
    45. 		// create the camera and the SpriteBatch
    46. 		camera = new OrthographicCamera();
    47. 		camera.setToOrtho(false, 800, 480);
    48. 		batch = new SpriteBatch();
    49.  
    50. 		// create a Rectangle to logically represent the bucket
    51. 		bucket = new Rectangle();
    52. 		bucket.x = 800 / 2 - 64 / 2; // center the bucket horizontally
    53. 		bucket.y = 20; // bottom left corner of the bucket is 20 pixels above the bottom screen edge
    54. 		bucket.width = 64;
    55. 		bucket.height = 64;
    56.  
    57. 		// create the raindrops array and spawn the first raindrop
    58. 		raindrops = new Array();
    59. 		spawnRaindrop();
    60. 	}
    61.  
    62. 	private void spawnRaindrop() {
    63. 		Rectangle raindrop = new Rectangle();
    64. 		raindrop.x = MathUtils.random(0, 800-64);
    65. 		raindrop.y = 480;
    66. 		raindrop.width = 64;
    67. 		raindrop.height = 64;
    68. 		raindrops.add(raindrop);
    69. 		lastDropTime = TimeUtils.nanoTime();
    70. 	}
    71.  
    72. 	@Override
    73. 	public void render() {
    74. 		// clear the screen with a dark blue color. The
    75. 		// arguments to clear are the red, green
    76. 		// blue and alpha component in the range [0,1]
    77. 		// of the color to be used to clear the screen.
    78. 		ScreenUtils.clear(0, 0, 0.2f, 1);
    79.  
    80. 		// tell the camera to update its matrices.
    81. 		camera.update();
    82.  
    83. 		// tell the SpriteBatch to render in the
    84. 		// coordinate system specified by the camera.
    85. 		batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined);
    86.  
    87. 		// begin a new batch and draw the bucket and
    88. 		// all drops
    89. 		batch.begin();
    90. 		batch.draw(bucketImage, bucket.x, bucket.y);
    91. 		for(Rectangle raindrop: raindrops) {
    92. 			batch.draw(dropImage, raindrop.x, raindrop.y);
    93. 		}
    94. 		batch.end();
    95.  
    96. 		// process user input
    97. 		if(Gdx.input.isTouched()) {
    98. 			Vector3 touchPos = new Vector3();
    99. 			touchPos.set(Gdx.input.getX(), Gdx.input.getY(), 0);
    100. 			camera.unproject(touchPos);
    101. 			bucket.x = touchPos.x - 64 / 2;
    102. 		}
    103. 		if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.LEFT)) bucket.x -= 200 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime();
    104. 		if(Gdx.input.isKeyPressed(Keys.RIGHT)) bucket.x += 200 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime();
    105.  
    106. 		// make sure the bucket stays within the screen bounds
    107. 		if(bucket.x < 0) bucket.x = 0;
    108. 		if(bucket.x > 800 - 64) bucket.x = 800 - 64;
    109.  
    110. 		// check if we need to create a new raindrop
    111. 		if(TimeUtils.nanoTime() - lastDropTime > 1000000000) spawnRaindrop();
    112.  
    113. 		// move the raindrops, remove any that are beneath the bottom edge of
    114. 		// the screen or that hit the bucket. In the latter case we play back
    115. 		// a sound effect as well.
    116. 		for (Iterator iter = raindrops.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
    117. 			Rectangle raindrop = iter.next();
    118. 			raindrop.y -= 200 * Gdx.graphics.getDeltaTime();
    119. 			if(raindrop.y + 64 < 0) iter.remove();
    120. 			if(raindrop.overlaps(bucket)) {
    121. 				dropSound.play();
    122. 				iter.remove();
    123. 			}
    124. 		}
    125. 	}
    126.  
    127. 	@Override
    128. 	public void dispose() {
    129. 		// dispose of all the native resources
    130. 		dropImage.dispose();
    131. 		bucketImage.dispose();
    132. 		dropSound.dispose();
    133. 		rainMusic.dispose();
    134. 		batch.dispose();
    135. 	}
    136. }

            音频和图片资源放在 assets 目录下面，如下。

            Desktop 运行效果如下：

            Android 运行效果如下：

  • 相关阅读:
    入学四个月反思
    设计模式之单例和原型
    @Slf4j打印异常信息打印出堆栈信息
    数据链路层主要问题及源于课本的答案
    MS5192T/MS5193T——低噪声、低功耗、16/24 位∑-ΔADC
    ubuntu配置java环境jdk
    [Codeforces] number theory (R1600) Part.8
    go实现异常捕捉
    DeepMind 推出 OPRO 技术，可用于优化 ChatGPT 提示
    微信小程序案例2-1：学生信息
  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37602827/article/details/134388619