SpringSecurity整合JWT

Spring Security是一个强大的安全性框架，它提供了许多强大的功能来保护应用程序，而JWT（JSON Web Token）是一种用于在网络环境中传递声明的开放标准。

整合Spring Security和JWT，可以使我们的应用程序更加安全和高效。下面是整合步骤：

1. 添加Spring Security和JWT的依赖：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
 
<dependency>
  <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
  <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
  <version>0.9.1</version>
</dependency>

1. 配置Spring Security

在Spring的配置类中，我们需要设置一些安全配置，包括：

• 配置安全规则
• 配置JWT过滤器
• 配置认证管理器

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
 
    private static final String[] AUTH_WHITELIST = {
            "/swagger-resources/**",
            "/swagger-ui.html",
            "/v2/api-docs",
            "/webjars/**"
    };
 
    @Autowired
    private JwtFilter jwtFilter;
 
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
 
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
    }
 
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
 
    @Bean
    @Override
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }
 
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .cors().and().csrf().disable()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(AUTH_WHITELIST).permitAll()
                .antMatchers("/api/authenticate").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
 
        http.addFilterBefore(jwtFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
    }
 
    @Bean(BeanIds.AUTHENTICATION_MANAGER)
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
        return super.authenticationManagerBean();
    }
 
}

1. 配置JWT

@Configuration
public class JwtConfig {
 
    @Value("${jwt.secret}")
    private String secret;
 
    @Value("${jwt.expiration}")
    private long expiration;
 
    @Bean
    public JwtEncoder jwtEncoder() {
        return new JwtEncoder(secret, expiration);
    }
 
    @Bean
    public JwtDecoder jwtDecoder() {
        return new JwtDecoder(secret);
    }
 
}

1. 实现自定义UserDetailsService

我们需要提供一个实现了UserDetailsService接口的自定义类，用于从数据库中获取用户信息。

@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
 
    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
 
    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username);
        if (user == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found with username: " + username);
        }
        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(),
                Collections.singletonList(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER")));
    }
 
}

1. 实现JwtEncoder和JwtDecoder

我们需要提供一个JwtEncoder和JwtDecoder类，用于创建和验证JWT。

public class JwtEncoder {
 
    private final String secret;
    private final long expiration;
 
    public JwtEncoder(String secret, long expiration) {
        this.secret = secret;
        this.expiration = expiration;
    }
 
    public String createToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
        claims.put("sub", userDetails.getUsername());
        claims.put("iat", new Date());
        claims.put("exp", new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration));
 
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims(claims)
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                .compact();
    }
 
}
 
public class JwtDecoder {
 
    private final String secret;
 
    public JwtDecoder(String secret) {
        this.secret = secret;
    }
 
    public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
        return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody().getSubject();
    }
 
    public boolean validateToken(String token) {
        try {
            Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token);
            return true;
        } catch (SignatureException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Invalid JWT signature - {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (MalformedJwtException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Invalid JWT token - {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Expired JWT token - {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (UnsupportedJwtException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Unsupported JWT token - {}", e.getMessage());
        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
            LOGGER.error("JWT claims string is empty - {}", e.getMessage());
        }
        return false;
    }
 
}

1. 实现JWT过滤器

我们需要提供一个JwtFilter类，用于过滤JWT。

@Component
public class JwtFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
 
    @Autowired
    private JwtDecoder jwtDecoder;
 
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
 
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String header = request.getHeader("Authorization");
 
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(header) || !header.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }
 
        String token = header.replace("Bearer ", "");
 
        if (jwtDecoder.validateToken(token)) {
            String username = jwtDecoder.getUsernameFromToken(token);
            UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
            UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
            authentication.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
            SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
        }
 
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
 
}

至此，我们已经成功地整合了Spring Security和JWT。