Oracle 19c新特性：DBCA静默模式克隆远端PDB

源库为ORCL中的orclpdb1，目标库为ORCL2。版本均为19c。

我们将利用19c中dbca新支持的-createFromRemotePDB选项来从远端克隆PDB。

确认源库中有业务数据：

SQL> connect hr@orclpdb1
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from hr.employees;

  COUNT(*)
----------
       107
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在源库中创建common user。后续dbca会用这个用户来连接源库。

SQL> connect system
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME
------------------------------
CDB$ROOT
SQL> CREATE USER c##remote_user IDENTIFIED BY Welcome1 CONTAINER=ALL;

User created.

SQL> GRANT create session, create pluggable database TO c##remote_user CONTAINER=ALL;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.20.0.0.0
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在目标库所在数据库服务器上，静默方式执行dbca命令，克隆远端pdb：

dbca -silent -createPluggableDatabase -createFromRemotePDB \
-remotePDBName orclpdb1 \
-remoteDBConnString ORCL \
-remoteDBSYSDBAUserName sys -remoteDBSYSDBAUserPassword Welcome1 \
-sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword Welcome1 \
-dbLinkUsername c##remote_user -dbLinkUserPassword Welcome1 -sourceDB ORCL2 -pdbName pdbclone
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输出如下：

Prepare for db operation
50% complete
Create pluggable database using remote clone operation
100% complete
Pluggable database "pdbclone" plugged successfully.
Look at the log file "/u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB2/pdbclone/ORCLCDB2.log" for further details.
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日志如下：

$cat /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB2/pdbclone/ORCLCDB2.log
[ 2023-10-20 07:47:55.920 GMT ] Prepare for db operation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
[ 2023-10-20 07:47:55.982 GMT ] Create pluggable database using remote clone operation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
[ 2023-10-20 07:48:23.910 GMT ] Pluggable database "pdbclone" plugged successfully.
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验证，注意PDBCLONE被自动open了：

SQL> show pdbs

    CON_ID CON_NAME                       OPEN MODE  RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
         2 PDB$SEED                       READ ONLY  NO
         3 PDBCLONE                       READ WRITE NO
SQL> alter session set container=pdbclone;

Session altered.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.employees;

  COUNT(*)
----------
       107
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清理：

alter pluggable database pdbclone close;
drop pluggable database pdbclone including datafiles;
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在clone的过程中，dbca会自动创建database link，名称固定为PDBCLONE_CLONE_LINK，完成后会自动删除：

SQL> select * from all_db_links;
OWNER      DB_LINK                        USERNAME         HOST             CREATED   HID SHA VAL INT
---------- ------------------------------ ---------------- ---------------- --------- --- --- --- ---
SYS        SYS_HUB                                         SEEDDATA         17-APR-19 NO  NO  YES NO
SYS        PDBCLONE_CLONE_LINK            C##REMOTE_USER   ORCL             20-OCT-23 NO  NO  YES NO
...
SQL> /

OWNER      DB_LINK                        USERNAME         HOST             CREATED   HID SHA VAL INT
---------- ------------------------------ ---------------- ---------------- --------- --- --- --- ---
SYS        SYS_HUB                                         SEEDDATA         17-APR-19 NO  NO  YES NO
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dbca创建database link的SQL类似于：

CREATE DATABASE LINK PDBCLONE_CLONE_LINK CONNECT TO c##remote_user IDENTIFIED BY Welcome1 USING 'ORCL';
drop database link PDBCLONE_CLONE_LINK;
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当然，你不能主动创建，否则后续dbca克隆时会报错：

[FATAL] [DBT-19405] Database link (PDBCLONE_CLONE_LINK) is already exists.
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错误

这里遇到一个非常奇怪的错误，就是当把-remoteDBConnString参数ORCL改为小写orcl时，居然会报错：

[FATAL] [DBT-08101] The selected PDB (orclpdb1) is not open.
   CAUSE: PDB has to be open in READ WRITE mode to perform the configuration.
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这个错误和这个帖子类似。

也和我创建ORCL2的语句有关：

dbca -silent -createDatabase  -templateName General_Purpose.dbc  -gdbname ORCLCDB2 -sid ORCL2 -responseFile NO_VALUE  -characterSet AL32UTF8  -sysPassword Welcome1  -systemPassword Welcome1  -createAsContainerDatabase true -pdbName ORCLPDB1  -numberOfPDBs 1  -pdbAdminPassword Welcome1
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估计全部用小写就没事了。

果然，删除时，如果指定数据库为orcl2，会报错：

[WARNING] [DBT-11503] The instance (orcl2) is not running on the local node. This may result in partial delete of Oracle database.
   CAUSE: A locally running instance is required for complete deletion of Oracle database instance and database files.
   ACTION: Specify a locally running database, or execute DBCA on a node where the database instance is running.
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改成ORCL2就成功了：

dbca -silent -deleteDatabase -sourceDB ORCL2
Enter SYS user password:

[WARNING] [DBT-19202] The Database Configuration Assistant will delete the Oracle instances and datafiles for your database. All information in the database will be destroyed.
Prepare for db operation
32% complete
Connecting to database
35% complete
39% complete
42% complete
45% complete
48% complete
52% complete
65% complete
Updating network configuration files
68% complete
Deleting instance and datafiles
84% complete
100% complete
Database deletion completed.
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重建，这回全部用小写：

dbca -silent -createDatabase  -templateName General_Purpose.dbc  -gdbname ORCL2 -sid ORCL2 -responseFile NO_VALUE  -characterSet AL32UTF8  -sysPassword Welcome1  -systemPassword Welcome1  -createAsContainerDatabase true -pdbName orclpdb2 -numberOfPDBs 1  -pdbAdminPassword Welcome1
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另外，-remoteDBConnString还是建议指向CDB。虽然在这篇博客中有成功的例证，但我没有成功。

以下是-remoteDBConnString分别指定为orclpdb1和localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1时的报错：

orcl2 $dbca -silent -createPluggableDatabase -createFromRemotePDB -remotePDBName ORCLPDB1 -remoteDBConnString orclpdb1 -remoteDBSYSDBAUserName sys -remoteDBSYSDBAUserPassword Welcome1 -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword Welcome1 -dbLinkUsername c##remote_user -dbLinkUserPassword Welcome1 -sourceDB ORCL2 -pdbName pdbclone
[FATAL] [DBT-08101] The selected PDB (ORCLPDB1) is not open.
   CAUSE: PDB has to be open in READ WRITE mode to perform the configuration.
   
orcl2 $dbca -silent -createPluggableDatabase -createFromRemotePDB -remotePDBName ORCLPDB1 -remoteDBConnString localhost:1521/ORCLPDB1 -remoteDBSYSDBAUserName sys -remoteDBSYSDBAUserPassword Welcome1 -sysDBAUserName sys -sysDBAPassword Welcome1 -dbLinkUsername c##remote_user -dbLinkUserPassword Welcome1 -sourceDB ORCL2 -pdbName pdbclone
[FATAL] [DBT-19407] Database option (SAMPLE_SCHEMA) is not installed in Local CDB (ORCL2).
   CAUSE: The database options installed on the Remote CDB(ORCLPDB1) must be the same as the database options installed on the Local CDB(ORCL2).
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参考

• Oracle By Example: Clone PDBs using DBCA in Silent Mode
• Multitenant : DBCA PDB Remote Clone in Oracle Database 19c
• Cloning a Remote PDB Using DBCA: Example
• DBCA createPluggableDatabase命令行帮助
• DBCA 错误