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c#学生管理系统
一、系统概述
学生管理系统是一个旨在帮助学校、教育机构和教育者有效管理学生信息、课程安排和成绩记录的应用程序。该系统旨在简化学生管理的各个方面，提供高效的解决方案，以满足教育机构的需求。
二、功能模块
1. 学生信息管理
添加学生:录入学生基本信息(姓名、性别、学号等)
编辑学生:修改已经录入的学生信息
删除学生:通过学号删除指定学生信息
全部学生查询:查询所有录入学生信息
个别学生查询:支持按学号或姓名进行精确查询
2.班级管理
- 查询班级列表
- 按条件查询
- 新增班级
3.年级
- 查询所有年级
三、开发技术
前端:C# WinForm
后端:mysql
IDE:Visual Studio四、数据库分析
1. ClassInfos(班级表)
- ClassId:班级编号(主键)
- ClassName:班级名称
- GradeId:年级编号(外键关联GradeInfos表)
- Remark:备注
主要记录每个年级下的各个班级名称等信息。
2. GradeInfos(年级表)
- GradeId:年级编号(主键)
- GradeName:年级名称
记录学校的各个年级名称。
3. StudentInfos(学生表)
- StuId:学生编号(主键)
- StuName:姓名
- ClassId:班级编号(外键关联ClassInfos表)
- Sex:性别
- Phone:电话
- CreateTime:创建时间(默认当前时间)
- IsDeleted:逻辑删除(默认0,不删除)
记录每个学生的详细信息。
4. UserInfos(用户表)
- UserId:用户编号(主键)
- UserName:用户名
- UserPwd:密码
记录应用的管理用户信息。
5. 总体关系:
班级表与年级表一对多,学生表与班级表一对多,表之间定义好外键关系。
基本上五张表记录了学生管理系统需要跟踪的所有实体信息,关系定义合理,能够很好支持学生管理相关业务开发。
四、程序截图
五、联系与交流
q:969060742 文档、代码、sql、程序资源- 1
六、部分代码
FrmAddClass.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinStudent { public partial class FrmAddClass : Form { public FrmAddClass() { InitializeComponent(); } ////// 初始化年级列表 /// /// /// private void FrmAddClass_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { InitGradeList();//加载年级列表 } //一个班级,必须属于某个年级 private void InitGradeList() { string sql = "select GradeId,GradeName from GradeInfos"; DataTable dtGradeList = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql); cboGrades.DataSource = dtGradeList; //年级名称 ---- 项 cboGrades.DisplayMember = "GradeName";//显示的内容 cboGrades.ValueMember = "GradeId";//值 cboGrades.SelectedIndex = 0; } /// /// 添加班级 /// /// /// private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //信息获取 string className = txtClassName.Text.Trim(); int gradeId = (int)cboGrades.SelectedValue; string remark = txtRemark.Text.Trim(); //判断是否为空 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(className)) { MessageBox.Show("班级名称不能为空!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } //判断是否已存在 数据库里去检查--- 与数据库进行交互 { string sqlExists = "select count(1) from ClassInfos where ClassName=@ClassName and GradeId=@GradeId"; SqlParameter[] paras = { new SqlParameter("@ClassName",className), new SqlParameter("@GradeId",gradeId) }; object oCount = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sqlExists, paras); if (oCount == null || oCount == DBNull.Value || ((int)oCount) == 0) { //添加操作 string sqlAdd = "insert into ClassInfos (ClassName,GradeId,Remark) values (@ClassName,@GradeId,@Remark)"; SqlParameter[] parasAdd = { new SqlParameter("@ClassName",className), new SqlParameter("@GradeId",gradeId), new SqlParameter("@Remark",remark) }; //执行并返回值 int count = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(sqlAdd, parasAdd); if(count>0) { MessageBox.Show($"班级:{className} 添加成功!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); } else { MessageBox.Show("班级添加失败!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } } else { MessageBox.Show("班级名称已存在!", "添加班级提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } } } private void btnClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } } } - 1
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DrmAddClass.Designer.cs
namespace WinStudent { partial class FrmAddClass { ////// Required designer variable. /// private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// /// Clean up any resources being used. /// /// true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false. protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows Form Designer generated code /// /// Required method for Designer support - do not modify /// the contents of this method with the code editor. /// private void InitializeComponent() { this.panel1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Panel(); this.btnClose = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.btnAdd = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.txtRemark = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.cboGrades = new System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox(); this.txtClassName = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.label3 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.panel1.SuspendLayout(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // panel1 // this.panel1.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Top | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom) | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left) | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Right))); this.panel1.AutoScroll = true; this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnClose); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.btnAdd); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.txtRemark); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.cboGrades); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.txtClassName); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label3); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label2); this.panel1.Controls.Add(this.label1); this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(25, 26); this.panel1.Name = "panel1"; this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(275, 257); this.panel1.TabIndex = 0; // // btnClose // this.btnClose.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(162, 222); this.btnClose.Name = "btnClose"; this.btnClose.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23); this.btnClose.TabIndex = 7; this.btnClose.Text = "关闭"; this.btnClose.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.btnClose.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnClose_Click); // // btnAdd // this.btnAdd.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 222); this.btnAdd.Name = "btnAdd"; this.btnAdd.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23); this.btnAdd.TabIndex = 6; this.btnAdd.Text = "添加"; this.btnAdd.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.btnAdd.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnAdd_Click); // // txtRemark // this.txtRemark.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 96); this.txtRemark.Multiline = true; this.txtRemark.Name = "txtRemark"; this.txtRemark.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(212, 93); this.txtRemark.TabIndex = 5; // // cboGrades // this.cboGrades.FormattingEnabled = true; this.cboGrades.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 47); this.cboGrades.Name = "cboGrades"; this.cboGrades.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(138, 20); this.cboGrades.TabIndex = 4; // // txtClassName // this.txtClassName.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(60, 9); this.txtClassName.Name = "txtClassName"; this.txtClassName.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(212, 21); this.txtClassName.TabIndex = 3; // // label3 // this.label3.AutoSize = true; this.label3.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(5, 99); this.label3.Name = "label3"; this.label3.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12); this.label3.TabIndex = 2; this.label3.Text = "描述:"; // // label2 // this.label2.AutoSize = true; this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(5, 50); this.label2.Name = "label2"; this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12); this.label2.TabIndex = 1; this.label2.Text = "年级:"; // // label1 // this.label1.AutoSize = true; this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 12); this.label1.Name = "label1"; this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(35, 12); this.label1.TabIndex = 0; this.label1.Text = "班名:"; // // FrmAddClass // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(326, 313); this.Controls.Add(this.panel1); this.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle; this.MaximizeBox = false; this.Name = "FrmAddClass"; this.Text = "班级信息页面"; this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.FrmAddClass_Load); this.panel1.ResumeLayout(false); this.panel1.PerformLayout(); this.ResumeLayout(false); } #endregion private System.Windows.Forms.Panel panel1; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtRemark; private System.Windows.Forms.ComboBox cboGrades; private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox txtClassName; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label3; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label2; private System.Windows.Forms.Label label1; private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnClose; private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnAdd; } } - 1
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FrmAddStudent.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Data.SqlClient; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinStudent { public partial class FrmAddStudent : Form { public FrmAddStudent() { InitializeComponent(); } private void btnAdd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //1）获取页面信息输入 string stuName = txtStuName.Text.Trim(); int classId = (int)cboClasses.SelectedValue; string sex = rbtMale.Checked ? rbtMale.Text.Trim() : rbtFemale.Text.Trim(); string phone = txtPhone.Text.Trim(); //2）判空处理 姓名不可以为空 电话不可以为空 if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(stuName)) { MessageBox.Show("姓名不能为空!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(phone)) { MessageBox.Show("电话不能为空!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } //3）判断 姓名+电话 是否在数据库里已存在 姓名+电话 string sql = "select count(1) from StudentInfos where StuName=@StuName and Phone=@phone"; SqlParameter[] paras = { new SqlParameter("@StuName",stuName), new SqlParameter("@phone",phone) }; object o = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sql, paras); if (o != null && o != DBNull.Value && ((int)o) > 0) { MessageBox.Show("该学生已存在!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } //4）添加入库 sql 参数 执行 完成返回受影响行数 string sqlAdd = "insert into StudentInfos(StuName,ClassId,Sex,Phone) values(@StuName,@ClassId,@Sex,@Phone)"; SqlParameter[] parasAdd = { new SqlParameter("@StuName",stuName), new SqlParameter("@ClassId",classId), new SqlParameter("@Sex",sex), new SqlParameter("@phone",phone) }; int count = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(sqlAdd, parasAdd); if(count>0) { MessageBox.Show($"学生:{stuName} 添加成功!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); } else { MessageBox.Show("该学生添加失败,请检查!", "添加学生提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } } ////// 加载班级列表\性别默认选择男 /// /// /// private void FrmAddStudent_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { InitClasses();//加载班级列表 rbtMale.Checked = true; } private void InitClasses() { //获取数据 ---- 查询 ---写sql string sql = "select ClassId,ClassName,GradeName from ClassInfos c,GradeInfos g where c.GradeId=g.GradeId"; DataTable dtClasses = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql); //组合班级列表显示项的过程 if (dtClasses.Rows.Count > 0) { foreach (DataRow dr in dtClasses.Rows) { string className = dr["ClassName"].ToString(); string gradeName = dr["GradeName"].ToString(); dr["ClassName"] = className + "--" + gradeName; } } //指定数据源 cboClasses.DataSource = dtClasses; cboClasses.DisplayMember = "ClassName"; cboClasses.ValueMember = "ClassId"; cboClasses.SelectedIndex = 0; } private void btnClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); } } } - 1
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FrmGradeList.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace WinStudent { public partial class FrmGradeList : Form { public FrmGradeList() { InitializeComponent(); } private void FrmGradeList_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string sql = "select GradeId,GradeName from GradeInfos"; DataTable dtGradeList = SqlHelper.GetDataTable(sql); dgvGradeList.DataSource = dtGradeList; } } }- 1
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FrmLogin.cs
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Data.SqlClient; namespace WinStudent { public partial class FrmLogin : Form { public FrmLogin() { InitializeComponent(); } ////// 登录系统 /// /// /// private void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //获取用户输入信息 string uName = txtUserName.Text.Trim(); string uPwd = txtUserPwd.Text.Trim(); //判断是否为空 if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(uName)) { MessageBox.Show("请输入账号!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); txtUserName.Focus(); return; } if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(uPwd)) { MessageBox.Show("请输入密码!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); txtUserPwd.Focus(); return; } //与数据库通信 检查输入与数据库中是否一致 { //写查询语句 拼接式 Sql注入 推荐大家使用参数化Sql string sql = "select count(1) from UserInfos where UserName=@UserName and UserPwd=@UserPwd"; SqlParameter[] paras = { new SqlParameter("@UserName", uName), new SqlParameter("@UserPwd", uPwd) }; 建立与数据库的连接 连接字符串 --- 钥匙 string connString = "server=.;database=StudentDB;Integrated Security=true";//字符串 Windows身份验证 //string connString = "server=.;database=StudentDB;uid=lyc;pwd=123456;";//Sql Server 身份验证 Data Source Initial Catalog User Id Password //SqlConnection conn = new SqlConnection(connString); //添加参数 //SqlParameter paraUName = new SqlParameter("@UserName", uName); //SqlParameter paraUPwd = new SqlParameter("@UserPwd", uPwd); 创建Command对象 //SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand(sql, conn); cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;//存储过程 //cmd.Parameters.Clear(); cmd.Parameters.Add(paraUName); cmd.Parameters.Add(paraUPwd); //cmd.Parameters.AddRange(paras); 打开连接 //conn.Open(); //最晚打开 最早关闭 执行命令 要求必须在连接状态 Opened //object o = cmd.ExecuteScalar();//执行查询,返回结果集第一行第一列的值,忽略其他行或列 关闭连接 //conn.Close(); //调用 object o = SqlHelper.ExecuteScalar(sql, paras); //处理结果 if (o==null||o==DBNull.Value ||((int)o)==0) { MessageBox.Show("登录账号或密码有错,请检查!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error); return; } else { MessageBox.Show("登录成功!", "登录提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information); //转到主页面 FrmMain fMain = new FrmMain(); fMain.Show(); this.Hide(); } } } private void btnExit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Close(); // Application.Exit(); } } } - 1
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_58065010/article/details/133658586
