• 路由器配置静态和默认路由实现VLAN之间的通信

    目录

    华为路由器静态路由和默认路由的写法

    静态路由和默认路由的区别

    案例

    华为路由器静态路由和默认路由的写法

    配置静态路由：

    [Huawei] ip route-static <目标网络> <子网掩码> <下一跳地址>

    实例：将目标网络192.168.10.0/24的流量发送到下一跳地址10.0.0.1

    [Huawei] ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 10.0.0.1

    配置默认路由：

    [Huawei] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 <下一跳地址>


    实例：将未知目标网络的流量发送到默认下一跳地址203.0.113.1
    [Huawei] ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1

    静态路由和默认路由的区别

    1. 静态路由需要手动为每个目标网络配置路由表项。当网络规模变大时，需要手动配置大量的路由表项，而且路由表需要经常更新以适应网络拓扑的变化。而默认路由只需要配置一条路由表项，将所有未知目标网络的流量都发送到下一跳地址，这样可以简化路由表的配置和维护。

    2. 静态路由通常需要手动配置和更新，因此对于复杂的网络拓扑或动态变化的网络环境，静态路由可能不够灵活。而默认路由则更加简单和灵活，适用于较简单的网络环境或者那些需要快速配置的场景。

    3. 静态路由的路由选择是基于管理员手动配置的路由策略来决定下一跳地址。管理员可以根据具体的需求配置不同的路由策略，例如基于最短路径、最优成本等。而默认路由会将所有未知目标网络的流量发送到预设的下一跳地址，没有复杂的路由选择过程。

    4. 静态路由没有自动学习的能力，需要手动配置每个目标网络的路由表项。而一些路由协议（如OSPF或BGP）可以自动学习和更新路由表，根据网络的动态变化自动调整路由路径。虽然默认路由本身不具备自动学习的能力，但是当与动态路由协议结合使用时，可以从邻居路由器处自动学习到默认路由。

    案例

    下面来看案例，这次案例比较简单，主要看现象

     设备配置如下

    为LSW1配置默认路由 

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW1
    4. [LSW1]vlan batch 
    5. Sep 17 2023 16:47:30-08:00 LSW1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. [LSW1]undo info-center enable
    8. Info: Information center is disabled.
    9. [LSW1]vlan batch 10 30 101
    10. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    11. [LSW1]interface g0/0/9
    12. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port link-type access
    13. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port default vlan 10
    14. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]qu
    15. [LSW1]interface g0/0/13
    16. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port link-type access
    17. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]port default vlan 30
    18. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/13]qu
    19. [LSW1]interface g0/0/24
    20. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access
    21. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port default vlan 101
    22. [LSW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]qu
    23. [LSW1]display vlan
    24. The total number of vlans is : 4
    25. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    26. U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;
    27. MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;
    28. #: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;
    29. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    30.  
    31. VID  Type    Ports                                                          
    32. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    33. 1    common  UT:GE0/0/1(D)      GE0/0/2(D)      GE0/0/3(D)      GE0/0/4(D)      
    34.                 GE0/0/5(D)      GE0/0/6(D)      GE0/0/7(D)      GE0/0/8(D)      
    35.                 GE0/0/10(D)     GE0/0/11(D)     GE0/0/12(D)     GE0/0/14(D)     
    36.                 GE0/0/15(D)     GE0/0/16(D)     GE0/0/17(D)     GE0/0/18(D)     
    37.                 GE0/0/19(D)     GE0/0/20(D)     GE0/0/21(D)     GE0/0/22(D)     
    38.                 GE0/0/23(D)                                                     
    39.  
    40. 10   common  UT:GE0/0/9(U)                                                      
    41.  
    42. 30   common  UT:GE0/0/13(U)                                                     
    43.  
    44. 101  common  UT:GE0/0/24(U)                                                     
    45.  
    46.  
    47. VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description      
    48. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    49.  
    50. 1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001                         
    51. 10   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0010                         
    52. 30   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0030                         
    53. 101  enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0101                         
    54.  
    55. [LSW1]display port vlan
    56. Port                    Link Type    PVID  Trunk VLAN List
    57. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    58. GigabitEthernet0/0/1    hybrid       1     -                                   
    59. GigabitEthernet0/0/2    hybrid       1     -                                   
    60. GigabitEthernet0/0/3    hybrid       1     -                                   
    61. GigabitEthernet0/0/4    hybrid       1     -                                   
    62. GigabitEthernet0/0/5    hybrid       1     -                                   
    63. GigabitEthernet0/0/6    hybrid       1     -                                   
    64. GigabitEthernet0/0/7    hybrid       1     -                                   
    65. GigabitEthernet0/0/8    hybrid       1     -                                   
    66. GigabitEthernet0/0/9    access       10    -                                   
    67. GigabitEthernet0/0/10   hybrid       1     -                                   
    68. GigabitEthernet0/0/11   hybrid       1     -                                   
    69. GigabitEthernet0/0/12   hybrid       1     -                                   
    70. GigabitEthernet0/0/13   access       30    -                                   
    71. GigabitEthernet0/0/14   hybrid       1     -                                   
    72. GigabitEthernet0/0/15   hybrid       1     -                                   
    73. GigabitEthernet0/0/16   hybrid       1     -                                   
    74. GigabitEthernet0/0/17   hybrid       1     -                                   
    75. GigabitEthernet0/0/18   hybrid       1     -                                   
    76. GigabitEthernet0/0/19   hybrid       1     -                                   
    77. GigabitEthernet0/0/20   hybrid       1     -                                   
    78. GigabitEthernet0/0/21   hybrid       1     -                                   
    79. GigabitEthernet0/0/22   hybrid       1     -                                   
    80. GigabitEthernet0/0/23   hybrid       1     -                                   
    81. GigabitEthernet0/0/24   access       101   -                                   
    82.  
    83. [LSW1]interface vlanif 10
    84. [LSW1-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
    85. [LSW1-Vlanif10]qu
    86. [LSW1]interface vlanif 30
    87. [LSW1-Vlanif30]ip address 192.168.30.1 24
    88. [LSW1-Vlanif30]qu
    89. [LSW1]interface vlanif 101
    90. [LSW1-Vlanif101]ip address 192.168.101.1 24
    91. [LSW1-Vlanif101]qu
    92.  
    93. [LSW1]display interface brief
    94. PHY: Physical
    95. *down: administratively down
    96. (l): loopback
    97. (s): spoofing
    98. (b): BFD down
    99. (e): ETHOAM down
    100. (dl): DLDP down
    101. (d): Dampening Suppressed
    102. InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
    103. Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
    104. GigabitEthernet0/0/1        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    105. GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    106. GigabitEthernet0/0/3        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    107. GigabitEthernet0/0/4        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    108. GigabitEthernet0/0/5        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    109. GigabitEthernet0/0/6        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    110. GigabitEthernet0/0/7        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    111. GigabitEthernet0/0/8        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    112. GigabitEthernet0/0/9        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    113. GigabitEthernet0/0/10       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    114. GigabitEthernet0/0/11       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    115. GigabitEthernet0/0/12       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    116. GigabitEthernet0/0/13       up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    117. GigabitEthernet0/0/14       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    118. GigabitEthernet0/0/15       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    119. GigabitEthernet0/0/16       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    120. GigabitEthernet0/0/17       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    121. GigabitEthernet0/0/18       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    122. GigabitEthernet0/0/19       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    123. GigabitEthernet0/0/20       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    124. GigabitEthernet0/0/21       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    125. GigabitEthernet0/0/22       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    126. GigabitEthernet0/0/23       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    127. GigabitEthernet0/0/24       up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    128.  
    129. [LSW1]display ip interface brief
    130. *down: administratively down
    131. ^down: standby
    132. (l): loopback
    133. (s): spoofing
    134. The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
    135. The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
    136. The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
    137. The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 2
    138.  
    139. Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
    140. MEth0/0/1                         unassigned           down       down      
    141. NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
    142. Vlanif1                           unassigned           down       down      
    143. Vlanif10                          192.168.10.1/24      up         up        
    144. Vlanif30                          192.168.30.1/24      up         up        
    145. Vlanif101                         192.168.101.1/24     up         up        
    146.  
    147. [LSW1]display IP interface vlanif 10
    148. Vlanif10 current state : UP 
    149. Line protocol current state : UP
    150. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    151. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    152. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    153. Directed-broadcast packets:
    154.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    155.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    156. Internet Address is 192.168.10.1/24 
    157. Broadcast address : 192.168.10.255
    158. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    159. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    160. ICMP packet input number:          0
    161.   Echo reply:                      0
    162.   Unreachable:                     0
    163.   Source quench:                   0
    164.   Routing redirect:                0
    165.   Echo request:                    0
    166.   Router advert:                   0
    167.   Router solicit:                  0
    168.   Time exceed:                     0
    169.   IP header bad:                   0
    170.   Timestamp request:            
    171.  
    172. [LSW1]display IP interface vlanif 30
    173. Vlanif30 current state : UP 
    174. Line protocol current state : UP
    175. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    176. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    177. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    178. Directed-broadcast packets:
    179.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    180.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    181. Internet Address is 192.168.30.1/24 
    182. Broadcast address : 192.168.30.255
    183. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    184. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    185. ICMP packet input number:          0
    186.   Echo reply:                      0
    187.   Unreachable:                     0
    188.   Source quench:                   0
    189.   Routing redirect:                0
    190.   Echo request:                    0
    191.   Router advert:                   0
    192.   Router solicit:                  0
    193.   Time exceed:                     0
    194.   IP header bad:                   0
    195.   Timestamp request:            
    196.  
    197. [LSW1]display IP interface vlanif 101
    198. Vlanif101 current state : UP 
    199. Line protocol current state : UP
    200. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    201. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    202. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    203. Directed-broadcast packets:
    204.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    205.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    206. Internet Address is 192.168.101.1/24 
    207. Broadcast address : 192.168.101.255
    208. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    209. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    210. ICMP packet input number:          0
    211.   Echo reply:                      0
    212.   Unreachable:                     0
    213.   Source quench:                   0
    214.   Routing redirect:                0
    215.   Echo request:                    0
    216.   Router advert:                   0
    217.   Router solicit:                  0
    218.   Time exceed:                     0
    219.   IP header bad:                   0
    220.   Timestamp request:               0
    221.   Timestamp reply:                 0
    222.  
    223. [LSW1]display IP routing-table
    224. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    225. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    226. Routing Tables: Public
    227.          Destinations : 8        Routes : 8        
    228.  
    229. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    230.  
    231.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    232.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    233.    192.168.10.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.10.1    Vlanif10
    234.    192.168.10.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif10
    235.    192.168.30.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.30.1    Vlanif30
    236.    192.168.30.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif30
    237.   192.168.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.101.1   Vlanif101
    238.   192.168.101.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif101

    同理，为LSW2配置默认路由 

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname LSW2
    4. [LSW2]vlan batch 
    5. Sep 17 2023 16:55:00-08:00 LSW2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.2
    6. 5.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the 
    7. change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
    8.                  ^
    9. Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
    10. [LSW2]undo info-center enable
    11. Info: Information center is disabled.
    12. [LSW2]vlan batch 80 81 102
    13. Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
    14. [LSW2]interface g0/0/9
    15. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]port link-type access
    16. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/9]qu
    17. [LSW2]interface g0/0/15
    18. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port link-type access
    19. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]port default vlan 80
    20. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/15]qu
    21. [LSW2]interface g0/0/17
    22. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/17]port link-type access
    23. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/17]port default vlan 81
    24. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/17]qu
    25. [LSW2]interface g0/0/24
    26. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port link-type access
    27. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]port default vlan 102
    28. [LSW2-GigabitEthernet0/0/24]qu
    29. [LSW2]display vlan 
    30. The total number of vlans is : 4
    31. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    32. U: Up;         D: Down;         TG: Tagged;         UT: Untagged;
    33. MP: Vlan-mapping;               ST: Vlan-stacking;
    34. #: ProtocolTransparent-vlan;    *: Management-vlan;
    35. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    36.  
    37. VID  Type    Ports                                                          
    38. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    39. 1    common  UT:GE0/0/1(D)      GE0/0/2(D)      GE0/0/3(D)      GE0/0/4(D)      
    40.                 GE0/0/5(D)      GE0/0/6(D)      GE0/0/7(D)      GE0/0/8(D)      
    41.                 GE0/0/9(D)      GE0/0/10(D)     GE0/0/11(D)     GE0/0/12(D)     
    42.                 GE0/0/13(D)     GE0/0/14(D)     GE0/0/16(D)     GE0/0/18(D)     
    43.                 GE0/0/19(D)     GE0/0/20(D)     GE0/0/21(D)     GE0/0/22(D)     
    44.                 GE0/0/23(D)                                                     
    45.  
    46. 80   common  UT:GE0/0/15(U)                                                     
    47.  
    48. 81   common  UT:GE0/0/17(U)                                                     
    49.  
    50. 102  common  UT:GE0/0/24(U)                                                     
    51.  
    52.  
    53. VID  Status  Property      MAC-LRN Statistics Description      
    54. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    55.  
    56. 1    enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0001                         
    57. 80   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0080                         
    58. 81   enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0081                         
    59. 102  enable  default       enable  disable    VLAN 0102                         
    60. [LSW2]display port vlan
    61. Port                    Link Type    PVID  Trunk VLAN List
    62. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    63. GigabitEthernet0/0/1    hybrid       1     -                                   
    64. GigabitEthernet0/0/2    hybrid       1     -                                   
    65. GigabitEthernet0/0/3    hybrid       1     -                                   
    66. GigabitEthernet0/0/4    hybrid       1     -                                   
    67. GigabitEthernet0/0/5    hybrid       1     -                                   
    68. GigabitEthernet0/0/6    hybrid       1     -                                   
    69. GigabitEthernet0/0/7    hybrid       1     -                                   
    70. GigabitEthernet0/0/8    hybrid       1     -                                   
    71. GigabitEthernet0/0/9    access       1     -                                   
    72. GigabitEthernet0/0/10   hybrid       1     -                                   
    73. GigabitEthernet0/0/11   hybrid       1     -                                   
    74. GigabitEthernet0/0/12   hybrid       1     -                                   
    75. GigabitEthernet0/0/13   hybrid       1     -                                   
    76. GigabitEthernet0/0/14   hybrid       1     -                                   
    77. GigabitEthernet0/0/15   access       80    -                                   
    78. GigabitEthernet0/0/16   hybrid       1     -                                   
    79. GigabitEthernet0/0/17   access       81    -                                   
    80. GigabitEthernet0/0/18   hybrid       1     -                                   
    81. GigabitEthernet0/0/19   hybrid       1     -                                   
    82. GigabitEthernet0/0/20   hybrid       1     -                                   
    83. GigabitEthernet0/0/21   hybrid       1     -                                   
    84. GigabitEthernet0/0/22   hybrid       1     -                                   
    85. GigabitEthernet0/0/23   hybrid       1     -                                   
    86. GigabitEthernet0/0/24   access       102   -   
    87.                                 
    88. [LSW2]display port vlan
    89. Port                    Link Type    PVID  Trunk VLAN List
    90. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    91. GigabitEthernet0/0/1    hybrid       1     -                                   
    92. GigabitEthernet0/0/2    hybrid       1     -                                   
    93. GigabitEthernet0/0/3    hybrid       1     -                                   
    94. GigabitEthernet0/0/4    hybrid       1     -                                   
    95. GigabitEthernet0/0/5    hybrid       1     -                                   
    96. GigabitEthernet0/0/6    hybrid       1     -                                   
    97. GigabitEthernet0/0/7    hybrid       1     -                                   
    98. GigabitEthernet0/0/8    hybrid       1     -                                   
    99. GigabitEthernet0/0/9    access       1     -                                   
    100. GigabitEthernet0/0/10   hybrid       1     -                                   
    101. GigabitEthernet0/0/11   hybrid       1     -                                   
    102. GigabitEthernet0/0/12   hybrid       1     -                                   
    103. GigabitEthernet0/0/13   hybrid       1     -                                   
    104. GigabitEthernet0/0/14   hybrid       1     -                                   
    105. GigabitEthernet0/0/15   access       80    -                                   
    106. GigabitEthernet0/0/16   hybrid       1     -                                   
    107. GigabitEthernet0/0/17   access       81    -                                   
    108. GigabitEthernet0/0/18   hybrid       1     -                                   
    109. GigabitEthernet0/0/19   hybrid       1     -                                   
    110. GigabitEthernet0/0/20   hybrid       1     -                                   
    111. GigabitEthernet0/0/21   hybrid       1     -                                   
    112. GigabitEthernet0/0/22   hybrid       1     -                                   
    113. GigabitEthernet0/0/23   hybrid       1     -                                   
    114. GigabitEthernet0/0/24   access       102   -                                   
    115.  
    116. [LSW2]interface vlanif 80
    117. [LSW2-Vlanif80]ip address 192.168.80.1 24
    118. [LSW2-Vlanif80]qu
    119. [LSW2]interface vlanif 81
    120. [LSW2-Vlanif81]ip address 192.168.81.1 24
    121. [LSW2-Vlanif81]qu
    122. [LSW2]interface vlanif 102
    123. [LSW2-Vlanif102]ip address 192.168.102.1 24
    124. [LSW2-Vlanif102]qu
    125.  
    126. [LSW2]display interface brief
    127. PHY: Physical
    128. *down: administratively down
    129. (l): loopback
    130. (s): spoofing
    131. (b): BFD down
    132. (e): ETHOAM down
    133. (dl): DLDP down
    134. (d): Dampening Suppressed
    135. InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
    136. Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
    137. GigabitEthernet0/0/1        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    138. GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    139. GigabitEthernet0/0/3        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    140. GigabitEthernet0/0/4        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    141. GigabitEthernet0/0/5        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    142. GigabitEthernet0/0/6        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    143. GigabitEthernet0/0/7        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    144. GigabitEthernet0/0/8        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    145. GigabitEthernet0/0/9        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    146. GigabitEthernet0/0/10       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    147. GigabitEthernet0/0/11       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    148. GigabitEthernet0/0/12       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    149. GigabitEthernet0/0/13       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    150. GigabitEthernet0/0/14       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    151. GigabitEthernet0/0/15       up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    152. GigabitEthernet0/0/16       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    153. GigabitEthernet0/0/17       up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    154. GigabitEthernet0/0/18       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    155. GigabitEthernet0/0/19       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    156. GigabitEthernet0/0/20       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    157. GigabitEthernet0/0/21       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    158. GigabitEthernet0/0/22       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    159. GigabitEthernet0/0/23       down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    160. GigabitEthernet0/0/24       up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    161.  
    162. [LSW2]display ip interface brief
    163. *down: administratively down
    164. ^down: standby
    165. (l): loopback
    166. (s): spoofing
    167. The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
    168. The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
    169. The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
    170. The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 2
    171.  
    172. Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
    173. MEth0/0/1                         unassigned           down       down      
    174. NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
    175. Vlanif1                           unassigned           down       down      
    176. Vlanif80                          192.168.80.1/24      up         up        
    177. Vlanif81                          192.168.81.1/24      up         up        
    178. Vlanif102                         192.168.102.1/24     up         up        
    179.  
    180. [LSW2]display IP interface vlanif 80
    181. Vlanif80 current state : UP 
    182. Line protocol current state : UP
    183. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    184. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    185. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    186. Directed-broadcast packets:
    187.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    188.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    189. Internet Address is 192.168.80.1/24 
    190. Broadcast address : 192.168.80.255
    191. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    192. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    193. ICMP packet input number:          0
    194.   Echo reply:                      0
    195.   Unreachable:                     0
    196.   Source quench:                   0
    197.   Routing redirect:                0
    198.   Echo request:                    0
    199.   Router advert:                   0
    200.   Router solicit:                  0
    201.   Time exceed:                     0
    202.   IP header bad:                   0
    203.   Timestamp request:            
    204.  
    205. [LSW2]display IP interface vlanif 81
    206. Vlanif81 current state : UP 
    207. Line protocol current state : UP
    208. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    209. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    210. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    211. Directed-broadcast packets:
    212.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    213.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    214. Internet Address is 192.168.81.1/24 
    215. Broadcast address : 192.168.81.255
    216. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    217. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    218. ICMP packet input number:          0
    219.   Echo reply:                      0
    220.   Unreachable:                     0
    221.   Source quench:                   0
    222.   Routing redirect:                0
    223.   Echo request:                    0
    224.   Router advert:                   0
    225.   Router solicit:                  0
    226.   Time exceed:                     0
    227.   IP header bad:                   0
    228.   Timestamp request:               0
    229.   Timestamp reply:                 0
    230.  
    231. [LSW2]display IP interface vlanif 102
    232. Vlanif102 current state : UP 
    233. Line protocol current state : UP
    234. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    235. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    236. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    237. Directed-broadcast packets:
    238.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    239.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    240. Internet Address is 192.168.102.1/24 
    241. Broadcast address : 192.168.102.255
    242. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    243. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    244. ICMP packet input number:          0
    245.   Echo reply:                      0
    246.   Unreachable:                     0
    247.   Source quench:                   0
    248.   Routing redirect:                0
    249.   Echo request:                    0
    250.   Router advert:                   0
    251.   Router solicit:                  0
    252.   Time exceed:                     0
    253.   IP header bad:                   0
    254.   Timestamp request:               0
    255.   Timestamp reply:                 0
    256.  
    257. [LSW2]display IP routing-table
    258. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    259. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    260. Routing Tables: Public
    261.          Destinations : 8        Routes : 8        
    262.  
    263. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    264.  
    265.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    266.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    267.    192.168.80.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.80.1    Vlanif80
    268.    192.168.80.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif80
    269.    192.168.81.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.81.1    Vlanif81
    270.    192.168.81.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif81
    271.   192.168.102.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.102.1   Vlanif102
    272.   192.168.102.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif102

    配置路由器RTA端口

    1. <Huawei>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [Huawei]sysname RTA
    4. #配置连接交换机LSW1的端口g0/0/1及对应的ip地址
    5. [RTA]interface g0/0/1
    6. [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.101.2 24
    7. [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
    8. Sep 17 2023 17:06:09-08:00 RTA %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
    9.  on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
    10. [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]qu
    11. [RTA]interface g0/0/2
    12. [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.102.2 24
    13. Sep 17 2023 17:06:56-08:00 RTA %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
    14.  on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
    15. [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]qu
    16. #配置环回接口 IP 地址，模拟校园网上的一台主机。
    17. # 环回接口 Loopback 用于模拟在路由器后的一个IP 网段。Loopback 接口作为一个逻辑接口并不真实存在，并且该接口永远不会 DOWN，正是由于这个特性，使得 Loopback 接口常用于: 网络测试、协议的 RouerID、建立基于Loopback 的邻接关系、作为SNMP traps 消息的源地址等
    18. [RTA]interface loopback 0
    19. [RTA-LoopBack0]ip address 10.1.1.10 23
    20. [RTA-LoopBack0]qu
    21. [RTA]display interface brief
    22. PHY: Physical
    23. *down: administratively down
    24. (l): loopback
    25. (s): spoofing
    26. (b): BFD down
    27. ^down: standby
    28. (e): ETHOAM down
    29. (d): Dampening Suppressed
    30. InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
    31. Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
    32. GigabitEthernet0/0/0        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
    33. GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    34. GigabitEthernet0/0/2        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
    35. LoopBack0                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
    36. NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
    37. [RTA]display ip interface brief
    38. *down: administratively down
    39. ^down: standby
    40. (l): loopback
    41. (s): spoofing
    42. The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
    43. The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1
    44. The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
    45. The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1
    46.  
    47. Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
    48. GigabitEthernet0/0/0              unassigned           down       down      
    49. GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.101.2/24     up         up        
    50. GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.102.2/24     up         up        
    51. LoopBack0                         10.1.1.10/23         up         up(s)     
    52. NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)     
    53.  
    54.  
    55. [RTA]display IP interface g0/0/1
    56. GigabitEthernet0/0/1 current state : UP 
    57. Line protocol current state : UP
    58. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    59. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    60. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    61. Directed-broadcast packets:
    62.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    63.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    64. ARP packet input number:           0
    65.   Request packet:                  0
    66.   Reply packet:                    0
    67.   Unknown packet:                  0
    68. Internet Address is 192.168.101.2/24 
    69. Broadcast address : 192.168.101.255
    70. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    71. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    72. ICMP packet input number:          0
    73.   Echo reply:                      0
    74.   Unreachable:                     0
    75.   Source quench:                   0
    76.   Routing redirect:                0
    77.   Echo request:                    0
    78.   Router advert:                
    79.  
    80. [RTA]display IP interface g0/0/2
    81. GigabitEthernet0/0/2 current state : UP 
    82. Line protocol current state : UP
    83. The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes
    84. input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    85. output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0
    86. Directed-broadcast packets:
    87.  received packets:            0, sent packets:            0 
    88.  forwarded packets:           0, dropped packets:           0 
    89. ARP packet input number:           0
    90.   Request packet:                  0
    91.   Reply packet:                    0
    92.   Unknown packet:                  0
    93. Internet Address is 192.168.102.2/24 
    94. Broadcast address : 192.168.102.255
    95. TTL being 1 packet number:         0
    96. TTL invalid packet number:         0
    97. ICMP packet input number:          0
    98.   Echo reply:                      0
    99.   Unreachable:                     0
    100.   Source quench:                   0
    101.   Routing redirect:                0
    102.   Echo request:                    0
    103.   Router advert:                   0
    104.   Router solicit:                  0
    105.  
    106. [RTA]display IP routing-table
    107. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    108. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    109. Routing Tables: Public
    110.          Destinations : 13       Routes : 13       
    111.  
    112. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    113.  
    114.        10.1.0.0/23  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.1.10       LoopBack0
    115.       10.1.1.10/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
    116.      10.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
    117.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    118.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    119. 127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    120.   192.168.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.101.2   GigabitEthernet
    121. 0/0/1
    122.   192.168.101.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    123. 0/0/1
    124. 192.168.101.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    125. 0/0/1
    126.   192.168.102.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.102.2   GigabitEthernet
    127. 0/0/2
    128.   192.168.102.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    129. 0/0/2
    130. 192.168.102.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    131. 0/0/2
    132. 255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

     在PC-10-1 ping其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.30.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.30.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=62 ms
    5. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    6. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=32 ms
    7. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    8. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.30.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   5 packet(s) received
    13.   0.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/62 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. Request timeout!
    20. Request timeout!
    21. Request timeout!
    22. Request timeout!
    23. Request timeout!
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   0 packet(s) received
    28.   100.00% packet loss
    29.  
    30. PC>ping 192.168.81.11
    31.  
    32. Ping 192.168.81.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    33. Request timeout!
    34. Request timeout!
    35. Request timeout!
    36. Request timeout!
    37. Request timeout!
    38.  
    39. --- 192.168.81.11 ping statistics ---
    40.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    41.   0 packet(s) received
    42.   100.00% packet loss
    43.  
    44. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    45.  
    46. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    47. Request timeout!
    48. Request timeout!
    49. Request timeout!
    50. Request timeout!
    51. Request timeout!
    52.  
    53. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    54.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    55.   0 packet(s) received
    56.   100.00% packet loss

     在PC-30-1上ping其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    5. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    6. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    7. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    8. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   5 packet(s) received
    13.   0.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. Request timeout!
    20. Request timeout!
    21. Request timeout!
    22. Request timeout!
    23. Request timeout!
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   0 packet(s) received
    28.   100.00% packet loss
    29.  
    30. PC>ping 192.168.81.11
    31.  
    32. Ping 192.168.81.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    33. Request timeout!
    34. Request timeout!
    35. Request timeout!
    36. Request timeout!
    37. Request timeout!
    38.  
    39. --- 192.168.81.11 ping statistics ---
    40.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    41.   0 packet(s) received
    42.   100.00% packet loss
    43.  
    44. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    45.  
    46. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    47. Request timeout!
    48. Request timeout!
    49. Request timeout!
    50. Request timeout!
    51. Request timeout!
    52.  
    53. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    54.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    55.   0 packet(s) received
    56.   100.00% packet loss

    在PC-80-1上ping其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.81.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.81.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=62 ms
    5. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    6. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    7. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    8. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.81.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   5 packet(s) received
    13.   0.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/46/62 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. Request timeout!
    20. Request timeout!
    21. Request timeout!
    22. Request timeout!
    23. Request timeout!
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   0 packet(s) received
    28.   100.00% packet loss
    29.  
    30. PC>ping 192.168.30.11
    31.  
    32. Ping 192.168.30.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    33. Request timeout!
    34. Request timeout!
    35. Request timeout!
    36. Request timeout!
    37. Request timeout!
    38.  
    39. --- 192.168.30.11 ping statistics ---
    40.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    41.   0 packet(s) received
    42.   100.00% packet loss
    43.  
    44.  
    45. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    46.  
    47. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    48. Request timeout!
    49. Request timeout!
    50. Request timeout!
    51. Request timeout!
    52. Request timeout!
    53.  
    54. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    55.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    56.   0 packet(s) received
    57.   100.00% packet loss

     在PC-81-1上ping其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    5. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    6. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    7. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    8. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   5 packet(s) received
    13.   0.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. Request timeout!
    20. Request timeout!
    21. Request timeout!
    22. Request timeout!
    23. Request timeout!
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   0 packet(s) received
    28.   100.00% packet loss
    29.  
    30. PC>ping 192.168.30.11
    31.  
    32. Ping 192.168.30.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    33. Request timeout!
    34. Request timeout!
    35. Request timeout!
    36. Request timeout!
    37. Request timeout!
    38.  
    39. --- 192.168.30.11 ping statistics ---
    40.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    41.   0 packet(s) received
    42.   100.00% packet loss
    43.  
    44. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    45.  
    46. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    47. Request timeout!
    48. Request timeout!
    49. Request timeout!
    50. Request timeout!
    51. Request timeout!
    52.  
    53. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    54.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    55.   0 packet(s) received
    56.   100.00% packet loss

    至此，我们可以看到不同交换机还不能实现vlan的相互通信

    现在在交换机和路由器上都配置默认路由

    1. <LSW1>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. # 配置默认路由，简化路由配置
    4. # 默认路由的目的网络为0.0.0.0，子网掩码为0.0.0.0，下一跳地址为 192.168.102.2。
    5. #也可以配置到每个网络的静态路由
    6. [LSW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.101.2
    7. [LSW1]display IP routing-table
    8. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    9. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    10. Routing Tables: Public
    11.          Destinations : 9        Routes : 9        
    12.  
    13. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    14.  
    15.         0.0.0.0/0   Static  60   0          RD   192.168.101.2   Vlanif101
    16.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    17.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    18.    192.168.10.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.10.1    Vlanif10
    19.    192.168.10.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif10
    20.    192.168.30.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.30.1    Vlanif30
    21.    192.168.30.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif30
    22.   192.168.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.101.1   Vlanif101
    23.   192.168.101.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif101

    在LSW2上配置默认路由

    1. <LSW2>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [LSW2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.102.2
    4. [LSW2]display IP routing-table
    5. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    6. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    7. Routing Tables: Public
    8.          Destinations : 9        Routes : 9        
    9.  
    10. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    11.  
    12.         0.0.0.0/0   Static  60   0          RD   192.168.102.2   Vlanif102
    13.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    14.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    15.    192.168.80.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.80.1    Vlanif80
    16.    192.168.80.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif80
    17.    192.168.81.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.81.1    Vlanif81
    18.    192.168.81.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif81
    19.   192.168.102.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.102.1   Vlanif102
    20.   192.168.102.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Vlanif102

     在路由器RTA上配置静态和默认路由

    1. <RTA>sys
    2. Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
    3. [RTA]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.101.1
    4. [RTA]ip route-static 192.168.30.0 24 192.168.101.1
    5. [RTA]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.102.1
    6. #也可以配置静态路由
    7. #[RTA]ip route-static 192.168.80.0 24 192.168.102.1
    8. #[RTA]ip route-static 192.168.81.0 24 192.168.102.1
    9.  
    10. [RTA]display IP routing-table
    11. Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
    12. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    13. Routing Tables: Public
    14.          Destinations : 16       Routes : 16       
    15.  
    16. Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface
    17.  
    18.         0.0.0.0/0   Static  60   0          RD   192.168.102.1   GigabitEthernet
    19. 0/0/2
    20.        10.1.0.0/23  Direct  0    0           D   10.1.1.10       LoopBack0
    21.       10.1.1.10/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
    22.      10.1.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
    23.       127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    24.       127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    25. 127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
    26.    192.168.10.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   192.168.101.1   GigabitEthernet
    27. 0/0/1
    28.    192.168.30.0/24  Static  60   0          RD   192.168.101.1   GigabitEthernet
    29. 0/0/1
    30.   192.168.101.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.101.2   GigabitEthernet
    31. 0/0/1
    32.   192.168.101.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    33. 0/0/1
    34. 192.168.101.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    35. 0/0/1
    36.   192.168.102.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   192.168.102.2   GigabitEthernet
    37. 0/0/2
    38.   192.168.102.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    39. 0/0/2
    40. 192.168.102.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
    41. 0/0/2
    42. 255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

     现在PC-10-1可以ping通其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    5. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    6. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=62 ms
    7. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=47 ms
    8. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   5 packet(s) received
    13.   0.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 47/71/94 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.81.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.81.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    20. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    21. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    22. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    23. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=93 ms
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.81.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   5 packet(s) received
    28.   0.00% packet loss
    29.   round-trip min/avg/max = 78/84/94 ms
    30.  
    31. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    32.  
    33. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    34. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=78 ms
    35. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    36. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    37. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    38. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    39.  
    40. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    41.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    42.   5 packet(s) received
    43.   0.00% packet loss
    44.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/46/78 ms

     PC-80-1也可以ping通其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. Request timeout!
    5. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=47 ms
    6. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=63 ms
    7. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    8. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   4 packet(s) received
    13.   20.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 0/66/78 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.30.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.30.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. Request timeout!
    20. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    21. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=63 ms
    22. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=93 ms
    23. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.30.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   4 packet(s) received
    28.   20.00% packet loss
    29.   round-trip min/avg/max = 0/86/94 ms
    30.  
    31. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    32.  
    33. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    34. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    35. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    36. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    37. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    38. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    39.  
    40. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    41.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    42.   5 packet(s) received
    43.   0.00% packet loss
    44.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms

     PC-30-1也可以ping通其他主机

    1.  
    2. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    3.  
    4. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    5. Request timeout!
    6. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=32 ms
    7. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    8. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=46 ms
    9. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    10.  
    11. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    12.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    13.   4 packet(s) received
    14.   20.00% packet loss
    15.   round-trip min/avg/max = 0/43/47 ms
    16.  
    17. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    18.  
    19. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    20. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=47 ms
    21. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=63 ms
    22. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    23. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=62 ms
    24. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    25.  
    26. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    27.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    28.   5 packet(s) received
    29.   0.00% packet loss
    30.   round-trip min/avg/max = 47/68/94 ms
    31.  
    32. PC>ping 192.168.81.11
    33.  
    34. Ping 192.168.81.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    35. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=110 ms
    36. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    37. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=62 ms
    38. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=79 ms
    39. From 192.168.81.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    40.  
    41. --- 192.168.81.11 ping statistics ---
    42.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    43.   5 packet(s) received
    44.   0.00% packet loss
    45.   round-trip min/avg/max = 62/81/110 ms

     PC-81-1能ping通其他主机

    1. PC>ping 192.168.10.11
    2.  
    3. Ping 192.168.10.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    4. Request timeout!
    5. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=47 ms
    6. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    7. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=62 ms
    8. From 192.168.10.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    9.  
    10. --- 192.168.10.11 ping statistics ---
    11.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    12.   4 packet(s) received
    13.   20.00% packet loss
    14.   round-trip min/avg/max = 0/70/94 ms
    15.  
    16. PC>ping 192.168.30.11
    17.  
    18. Ping 192.168.30.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    19. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=94 ms
    20. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=62 ms
    21. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=63 ms
    22. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
    23. From 192.168.30.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=63 ms
    24.  
    25. --- 192.168.30.11 ping statistics ---
    26.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    27.   5 packet(s) received
    28.   0.00% packet loss
    29.   round-trip min/avg/max = 62/72/94 ms
    30.  
    31. PC>ping 192.168.80.11
    32.  
    33. Ping 192.168.80.11: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    34. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    35. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    36. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=127 time=31 ms
    37. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    38. From 192.168.80.11: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=127 time=47 ms
    39.  
    40. --- 192.168.80.11 ping statistics ---
    41.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    42.   5 packet(s) received
    43.   0.00% packet loss
    44.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms
    45.  
    46. PC>ping 10.1.1.10
    47.  
    48. Ping 10.1.1.10: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
    49. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    50. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    51. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    52. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=47 ms
    53. From 10.1.1.10: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=31 ms
    54.  
    55. --- 10.1.1.10 ping statistics ---
    56.   5 packet(s) transmitted
    57.   5 packet(s) received
    58.   0.00% packet loss
    59.   round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms

     以下是案例的拓扑图链接：

    链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CXDetuC34Hi_E88TUgVx4g 
    提取码：o3b5

    不过还是建议自己多写 

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_69884785/article/details/132946707