• PostgreSQL 16数据库的yum、编译、docker三种方式安装——筑梦之路

    一、 docker方式

    1. docker pull postgres:16.0
    2.  
    3. docker rm -f lhrpg16
    4.  
    5. docker run --name lhrpg16 -h lhrpg16 -d -p 54329:5432 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=lhr -e TZ=Asia/Shanghai postgres:16.0
    6.  
    7. docker exec -it lhrpg16 bash
    8.  
    9. docker exec -it lhrpg16 psql -U postgres -d postgres
    10.  
    11. select * from pg_tables;
    12. select version();

    二、yum方式

    1. dnf install -y cmake make gcc zlib gcc-c++ perl readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel \
    2.     perl python36 tcl openssl ncurses-devel openldap pam  perl-IPC-Run libicu-devel
    3.  
    4. dnf install epel-release -y
    5.  
    6. dnf --enablerepo=powertools install perl-IPC-Run -y
    7.  
    8. # 自2023年8月起，PostgreSQL RPM repo停止向PostgreSQL RPM repo添加新包，**包括PostgreSQL 16**.我们将维护旧的主要版本，直到每个主要版本被PostgreSQL项目终止。请访问这里每个主要版本的最新发布日期。https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/
    9.  
    10. wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    11.  
    12. wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-server-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    13.  
    14. wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-contrib-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    15.  
    16. wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgis34_16-devel-3.4.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    17.  
    18. wget https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/16/redhat/rhel-8-x86_64/postgresql16-libs-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    19.  
    20. # 安装
    21.  
    22. dnf localinstall postgresql16-*
    23.  
    24. # （建议安装）安装开发包，若后期需要编译一些插件，例如pg_recovery、pg_dirtyread等都需要该包
    25.  
    26. dnf localinstall postgresql16-devel-16.0-1PGDG.rhel8.x86_64.rpm
    27.  
    28. rpm -aq| grep postgres
    29.  
    30. echo "export PATH=/usr/pgsql-16/bin:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
    31.  
    32. # 初始化
    33.  
    34. /usr/pgsql-16/bin/postgresql-16-setup initdb
    35.  
    36. systemctl enable postgresql-16 --now
    37.  
    38. # 本地登陆
    39.  
    40. su - postgres
    41.  
    42. psql
    43.  
    44. # 安装插件
    45.  
    46. create extension pageinspect;
    47.  
    48. create extension pg_stat_statements;
    49.  
    50. select * from pg_extension;
    51.  
    52. select * from pg_available_extensions order by name;
    53.  
    54. # 修改密码
    55.  
    56. alter user postgres with  password 'lhr'; 或 \password
    57.  
    58. select * from pg_tables;
    59.  
    60. select version();
    61.  
    62. # 配置允许远程登陆
    63.  
    64. cat >> /var/lib/pgsql/16/data/postgresql.conf <<"EOF"
    65. listen_addresses = '*'
    66. port=5432
    67. unix_socket_directories='/var/lib/pgsql/16/data'
    68. logging_collector = on
    69. log_directory = 'pg_log'
    70. log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'
    71. log_truncate_on_rotation = on
    72. EOF
    73.  
    74. cat  << EOF > /var/lib/pgsql/16/data/pg_hba.conf
    75.  # TYPE  DATABASE    USER    ADDRESS       METHOD
    76.  local     all       all                    trust
    77.  host      all       all    ::1/128         trust
    78.  host      all       all   127.0.0.1/32     trust
    79.  host      all       all    0.0.0.0/0        md5
    80.  host   replication  all    0.0.0.0/0        md5
    81.  EOF
    82.  
    83. systemctl restart postgresql-16
    84.  
    85. psql -U postgres -h 192.168.100.100 -d postgres -p54327
    86.  
    87. # 从Postgresql 9.2开始，还可以使用URI格式进行远程连接：psql postgresql://myuser:mypasswd@myhost:5432/mydb
    88.  
    89. psql postgresql://postgres:lhr@192.168.100.100:54327/postgres
    90.  
    91. mkdir -p /home/postgres
    92.  
    93. chown postgres.postgres /home/
    94.  
    95. sed -i 's|/var/lib/pgsql|/home/postgres|' /etc/passwd
    96.  
    97. echo "lhr" |passwd --stdin postgres
    98.  
    99. cat > /home/postgres/.bash_profile <<"EOF"
    100. export PGPORT=54327
    101. export PGHOME=/usr/pgsql-16
    102. export PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/16/data
    103. export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH
    104. export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
    105. export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
    106. export DATE='date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"'
    107. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
    108. export PGHOST=$PGDATA
    109. export PGUSER=postgres
    110. export PGPASSWORD=lhr
    111. export PGDATABASE=postgres
    112. export PS1="[\u@\h \W]\$ "
    113. alias ll='ls -l'
    114. EOF
    115.  
    116.  
    117. chown postgres.postgres /home/postgres/.bash_profile
    118.

    三、编译方式

    1. # 下载源码
    2.  
    3. wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v16.0/postgresql-16.0.tar.gz
    4.  
    5. # 创建用户
    6.  
    7. groupadd -g 60000 pgsql
    8.  
    9. useradd -u 60000 -g pgsql pgsql
    10.  
    11. echo "lhr" | passwd --stdin pgsql
    12.  
    13. # 创建目录
    14.  
    15. mkdir -p /postgresql/{pgdata,archive,scripts,backup,pg16,soft}
    16.  
    17. chown -R pgsql:pgsql /postgresql
    18.  
    19. chmod -R 775 /postgresql
    20.  
    21. # 安装依赖包
    22.  
    23. yum install -y cmake make gcc zlib gcc-c++ perl readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel 
    24.     perl python36 tcl openssl ncurses-devel openldap pam perl-IPC-Run libicu-devel
    25.  
    26. # 编译源码
    27.  
    28. su - pgsql
    29.  
    30. cd /postgresql/soft
    31.  
    32. tar zxvf postgresql-16.0.tar.gz
    33.  
    34. cd postgresql-16.0
    35.  
    36. ./configure --prefix=/postgresql/pg16
    37.  
    38. make -j 8 && make install
    39.  
    40. make world -j 8 && make install-world
    41.  
    42. # 配置环境变量
    43.  
    44. cat >>  ~/.bash_profile <<"EOF"
    45. export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
    46. export PS1="[\u@\h \W]\$ "
    47. export PGPORT=5432
    48. export PGDATA=/postgresql/pgdata
    49. export PGHOME=/postgresql/pg16
    50. export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
    51. export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:.
    52. export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`
    53. export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
    54. export PGHOST=$PGDATA
    55. export PGUSER=postgres
    56. export PGDATABASE=postgres
    57. EOF
    58.  
    59. source  ~/.bash_profile
    60.  
    61. # 初始化数据库
    62.  
    63. su - pgsql
    64.  
    65. /postgresql/pg16/bin/initdb -D /postgresql/pgdata -E UTF8 --locale=en_US.utf8 -U postgres --data-checksums
    66.  
    67. # 调整参数
    68.  
    69. cat >> /postgresql/pgdata/postgresql.conf <<"EOF"
    70. listen_addresses = '*'
    71. port=5432
    72. unix_socket_directories='/postgresql/pgdata'
    73. logging_collector = on
    74. log_directory = 'pg_log'
    75. log_filename = 'postgresql-%a.log'
    76. log_truncate_on_rotation = on
    77. EOF
    78.  
    79. cat   >> /postgresql/pgdata/pg_hba.conf << EOF
    80. # TYPE  DATABASE    USER    ADDRESS       METHOD
    81. local     all       all                    trust
    82. host      all       all   127.0.0.1/32     trust
    83. host      all       all    0.0.0.0/0        md5
    84. host   replication  all    0.0.0.0/0        md5
    85. EOF
    86.  
    87. # 启动服务
    88.  
    89. su - pgsql
    90.  
    91. pg_ctl start
    92.  
    93. pg_ctl status
    94.  
    95. pg_ctl stop
    96.  
    97.  
    98. # 修改数据库超管密码
    99.  
    100. pg_ctl start 
    101.  
    102. psql
    103.  
    104. alter user postgres with  password 'lhr';
    105.  
    106. exit
    107.  
    108. # 注册服务到systemd
    109.  
    110. cat > /etc/systemd/system/PG16.service <<"EOF"
    111. [Unit]
    112. Description=PostgreSQL database server
    113. Documentation=man:postgres(1)
    114. After=network.target
    115.  
    116. [Service]
    117. Type=forking
    118. User=pgsql
    119. Group=pgsql
    120. Environment=PGPORT=5432
    121. Environment=PGDATA=/postgresql/pgdata
    122. OOMScoreAdjust=-1000
    123. ExecStart=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -o "-p ${PGPORT}" -w -t 300
    124. ExecStop=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast
    125. ExecReload=/postgresql/pg16/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s
    126. KillMode=mixed
    127. KillSignal=SIGINT
    128. TimeoutSec=0
    129.  
    130. [Install]
    131. WantedBy=multi-user.target
    132. EOF
    133.  
    134. systemctl daemon-reload
    135. systemctl enable PG16 --now
    136. systemctl start PG16
    137. systemctl status PG16

    随手一记：生成密码的密文sha256加密

    echo -n "Enter Password: " && head -1 tr -d '\n' | sha256sum | cut -d" " -f1

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34777982/article/details/133020373