Ubuntu:apt-get install package_name
CentOS 7:yum install package_name
Ubuntu:apt-get update
CentOS 7:yum update
Ubuntu:apt-get remove package_name
CentOS 7:yum remove package_name
Ubuntu:find /path/to/search -name “filename”
CentOS 7:find /path/to/search -name “filename”
Ubuntu:lsb_release -a
CentOS 7:cat /etc/centos-release
Ubuntu:ifconfig
CentOS 7:ip addr
Ubuntu:systemctl start service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl start service_name
Ubuntu:systemctl stop service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl stop service_name
Ubuntu:systemctl restart service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl restart service_name
Ubuntu:systemctl status service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl status service_name
Ubuntu:systemctl enable service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl enable service_name
Ubuntu:systemctl disable service_name
CentOS 7:systemctl disable service_name
Ubuntu:ufw allow port_number
CentOS 7:firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=port_number/tcp --permanent
Ubuntu:adduser username
CentOS 7:useradd username
Ubuntu:passwd username
CentOS 7:passwd username
Ubuntu:deluser username
CentOS 7:userdel username
Ubuntu:addgroup groupname
CentOS 7:groupadd groupname
Ubuntu:usermod -aG groupname username
CentOS 7:usermod -aG groupname username
Ubuntu:df -h
CentOS 7:df -h
Ubuntu:free -m
CentOS 7:free -m
Ubuntu:cal
CentOS 7:cal
22. 查看系统运行时间和平均负载:
Ubuntu:uptime
CentOS 7:uptime
23. 显示当前登录用户列表:
Ubuntu:who
CentOS 7:who
24. 显示系统启动日志:
Ubuntu:journalctl -b
CentOS 7:journalctl -b
25. 查看系统日志:
Ubuntu:less /var/log/syslog
CentOS 7:less /var/log/messages
26. 显示系统主机名:
Ubuntu:hostname
CentOS 7:hostname
27. 显示文件和目录的权限:
Ubuntu:ls -l file_or_directory
CentOS 7:ls -l file_or_directory
28. 创建目录:
Ubuntu:mkdir directory_name
CentOS 7:mkdir directory_name
29. 删除目录:
Ubuntu:rmdir directory_name
CentOS 7:rmdir directory_name
30. 创建空文件:
Ubuntu:touch filename.txt
CentOS 7:touch filename.txt
31. 复制文件或目录:
Ubuntu:cp source destination
CentOS 7:cp source destination
32. 移动文件或目录:
Ubuntu:mv source destination
CentOS 7:mv source destination
33. 删除文件或目录:
Ubuntu:rm file_or_directory
CentOS 7:rm file_or_directory
34. 查看文件内容:
Ubuntu:cat filename.txt
CentOS 7:cat filename.txt
35. 逐页查看文件内容:
Ubuntu:less filename.txt
CentOS 7:less filename.txt
36. 查看文件的前几行:
Ubuntu:head filename.txt
CentOS 7:head filename.txt
37. 查看文件的最后几行:
Ubuntu:tail filename.txt
CentOS 7:tail filename.txt
38. 在文件中搜索文本:
Ubuntu:grep “pattern” filename.txt
CentOS 7:grep “pattern” filename.txt
39. 测试与远程主机的网络连接:
Ubuntu:ping hostname_or_ip
CentOS 7:ping hostname_or_ip
40. 显示网络接口配置信息:
Ubuntu:ifconfig
CentOS 7:ip addr
Ubuntu:ps aux
CentOS 7:ps aux
42. 终止进程:
Ubuntu:kill process_id
CentOS 7:kill process_id
43. 显示当前用户信息:
Ubuntu:id
CentOS 7:id
44. 创建软链接:
Ubuntu:ln -s source_file link_name
CentOS 7:ln -s source_file link_name
45. 显示系统内核版本:
Ubuntu:uname -r
CentOS 7:uname -r
46. 显示可用磁盘空间:
Ubuntu:df -h
CentOS 7:df -h
47. 显示可用内存和交换空间:
Ubuntu:free -m
CentOS 7:free -m
48. 显示系统进程的内存使用情况:
Ubuntu:ps aux --sort -%mem
CentOS 7:ps aux --sort -%mem
49. 显示系统进程的CPU使用情况:
Ubuntu:ps aux --sort -%cpu
CentOS 7:ps aux --sort -%cpu
50. 显示系统当前时间:
Ubuntu:date
CentOS 7:date
51. 显示日历:
Ubuntu:cal
CentOS 7:cal
52. 显示系统的启动时间:
Ubuntu:systemctl show -p ActiveEnterTimestamp --value
CentOS 7:systemd-analyze
53. 显示系统中的硬件信息:
Ubuntu:lshw
CentOS 7:lshw
54. 显示可用网络接口:
Ubuntu:ip link show
CentOS 7:ip link show
55. 显示系统中的PCI设备:
Ubuntu:lspci
CentOS 7:lspci
56. 显示系统中的USB设备:
Ubuntu:lsusb
CentOS 7:lsusb
57. 显示系统中的SCSI设备:
Ubuntu:lsscsi
CentOS 7:lsscsi
58. 显示系统中的CPU信息:
Ubuntu:lscpu
CentOS 7:lscpu
59. 显示系统中的内存信息:
Ubuntu:lsmem
CentOS 7:lsmem
60. 显示系统中的文件系统信息:
Ubuntu:df -T
CentOS 7:df -T
Ubuntu:htop
CentOS 7:top
62. 定时执行任务(cron):
Ubuntu:crontab -e
CentOS 7:crontab -e
63. 显示系统主机名:
Ubuntu:hostname
CentOS 7:hostname
64. 查看系统中已安装的软件包:
Ubuntu:dpkg --list
CentOS 7:rpm -qa
65. 显示系统环境变量:
Ubuntu:printenv
CentOS 7:env
66. 显示系统日志文件:
Ubuntu:cat /var/log/syslog
CentOS 7:cat /var/log/messages
67. 显示网络路由表:
Ubuntu:ip route
CentOS 7:route -n
68. 显示系统硬盘分区信息:
Ubuntu:lsblk
CentOS 7:fdisk -l
69. 创建压缩文件(tar):
Ubuntu:tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory
CentOS 7:tar -czvf archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory
70. 解压缩文件(tar):
Ubuntu:tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz
CentOS 7:tar -xzvf archive.tar.gz
71. 安装软件包(snap):
Ubuntu:snap install package_name
CentOS 7:Snap 不是 CentOS 7 默认支持的包管理器。
72. 切换用户:
Ubuntu:su username
CentOS 7:su username
73. 切换用户并保留环境变量:
Ubuntu:su - username
CentOS 7:su - username
74. 显示系统内核模块:
Ubuntu:lsmod
CentOS 7:lsmod
75. 列出已安装的文件包及其信息:
Ubuntu:dpkg -l
CentOS 7:rpm -qa
76. 设置静态IP地址(命令行方式):
Ubuntu:编辑 /etc/network/interfaces 文件
CentOS 7:编辑 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 文件
77. 启用和禁用网络接口:
Ubuntu:ifconfig interface_name up 或 ifconfig interface_name down
CentOS 7:ip link set interface_name up 或 ip link set interface_name down
78. 显示用户登陆历史记录:
Ubuntu:last
CentOS 7:last
79. 显示系统开机时间:
Ubuntu:uptime -s
CentOS 7:uptime -s
80. 显示系统CPU信息(详细):
Ubuntu:lscpu
CentOS 7:lscpu
Ubuntu:cat /etc/resolv.conf
CentOS 7:cat /etc/resolv.conf
82. 显示系统时间同步状态:
Ubuntu:timedatectl status
CentOS 7:timedatectl status
83. 显示系统开机启动服务:
Ubuntu:systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
CentOS 7:systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
84. 显示系统环境变量的值:
Ubuntu:echo $VAR_NAME
CentOS 7:echo $VAR_NAME
85. 显示当前用户的家目录:
Ubuntu:echo $HOME
CentOS 7:echo $HOME
86. 显示系统启动的进程:
Ubuntu:systemctl list-units --type=service
CentOS 7:systemctl list-units --type=service
87. 显示已安装的内核包列表:
Ubuntu:dpkg -l | grep linux-image
CentOS 7:rpm -qa | grep kernel
88. 显示系统的默认编辑器:
Ubuntu:update-alternatives --display editor
CentOS 7:alternatives --display editor
89. 显示当前登录用户的组:
Ubuntu:groups
CentOS 7:groups
90. 显示系统启动时运行的脚本(系统d服务):
Ubuntu:systemctl list-dependencies multi-user.target
CentOS 7:systemctl list-dependencies multi-user.target
91. 显示文件的inode号:
Ubuntu:ls -i filename
CentOS 7:ls -i filename
92. 显示系统开机启动的级别:
Ubuntu:runlevel
CentOS 7:systemctl get-default
93. 显示系统内核参数:
Ubuntu:sysctl -a
CentOS 7:sysctl -a
94. 显示已加载的内核模块:
Ubuntu:lsmod
CentOS 7:lsmod
95. 显示用户账户的详细信息:
Ubuntu:finger username
CentOS 7:finger username
96. 显示系统的电源状态:
Ubuntu:upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT0
CentOS 7:cat /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status
97. 显示系统的默认编辑器:
Ubuntu:update-alternatives --config editor
CentOS 7:alternatives --config editor
98. 显示系统中的网络连接:
Ubuntu:ss -tuln
CentOS 7:netstat -tuln
99. 显示系统中的CPU负载:
Ubuntu:cat /proc/loadavg
CentOS 7:cat /proc/loadavg
100. 显示系统的启动日志:
Ubuntu:journalctl -b
CentOS 7:journalctl -b