• Linux命令(77)之curl

    linux命令之curl

    1.curl介绍

    linux命令之curl是一款强大的http命令行工具，它支持文件的上传和下载，是综合传输工具。

    2.curl用法

    curl [参数] [url]

    curl参数
    参数说明
    -C断点续传
    -o 把输出写到filename文件中
    -x在给定的端口上使用HTTP代理
    -显示当前的传送状态
    -i打印服务器回应的HTTP头
    -I向服务器发出 HEAD 请求，然会将服务器返回的 HTTP 标头打印出来；等价于--head

    3.实例

    3.1.下载CentOS-Base.repo到/etc/yum.repos.d/

    命令：

    curl -C - -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

    1. [root@rhel77 ~]# curl -C - -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
    2.   % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
    3.                                  Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
    4. 100  2523  100  2523    0     0   3731      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--  3726
    5. [root@rhel77 yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
    6. [root@rhel77 yum.repos.d]# ls -l CentOS-Base.repo 
    7. -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2523 Aug 28 15:07 CentOS-Base.repo
    8. [root@rhel77 yum.repos.d]#

    3.2.使用指定端口，进行代理设置

    命令：

    curl -x 39.156.66.18:80 www.baidu.com
     

    1. [root@rhel77 yum.repos.d]# curl -x 39.156.66.18:80 www.baidu.com
    2. <!DOCTYPE html>
    3. <!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=http://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录');</script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
    4. [root@rhel77 yum.repos.d]#

    3.3.打印服务器回应的HTTP头

    命令：

    curl -i www.baidu.com

    1. [root@rhel77 ~]# curl -i www.baidu.com
    2. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    3. Accept-Ranges: bytes
    4. Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
    5. Connection: keep-alive
    6. Content-Length: 2381
    7. Content-Type: text/html
    8. Date: Mon, 28 Aug 2023 07:16:06 GMT
    9. Etag: "588604c8-94d"
    10. Last-Modified: Mon, 23 Jan 2017 13:27:36 GMT
    11. Pragma: no-cache
    12. Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
    13. Set-Cookie: BDORZ=27315; max-age=86400; domain=.baidu.com; path=/
    14.  
    15. <!DOCTYPE html>
    16. <!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8><meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge><meta content=always name=referrer><link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css><title>百度一下，你就知道</title></head> <body link=#0000cc> <div id=wrapper> <div id=head> <div class=head_wrapper> <div class=s_form> <div class=s_form_wrapper> <div id=lg> <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129> </div> <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm> <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1> <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8> <input type=hidden name=f value=8> <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1> <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1> <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn"></span> </form> </div> </div> <div id=u1> <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a> <a href=http://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a> <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a> <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a> <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a> <noscript> <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a> </noscript> <script>document.write('+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录');</script> <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a> </div> </div> </div> <div id=ftCon> <div id=ftConw> <p id=lh> <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a> <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p> <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp; <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp; <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif> </p> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>
    17. [root@rhel77 ~]#

    3.4.向服务器发出 HEAD 请求，然会将服务器返回的 HTTP 标头打印出来

    命令：

    curl -I www.baidu.com       -I:大小字母i

    curl --head www.baidu.com

    1. [root@rhel77 ~]# curl -I www.baidu.com
    2. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    3. Accept-Ranges: bytes
    4. Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
    5. Connection: keep-alive
    6. Content-Length: 277
    7. Content-Type: text/html
    8. Date: Mon, 28 Aug 2023 07:17:14 GMT
    9. Etag: "575e1f60-115"
    10. Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 02:50:08 GMT
    11. Pragma: no-cache
    12. Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
    13.  
    14. [root@rhel77 ~]# curl --head www.baidu.com
    15. HTTP/1.1 200 OK
    16. Accept-Ranges: bytes
    17. Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform
    18. Connection: keep-alive
    19. Content-Length: 277
    20. Content-Type: text/html
    21. Date: Mon, 28 Aug 2023 07:17:18 GMT
    22. Etag: "575e1f60-115"
    23. Last-Modified: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 02:50:08 GMT
    24. Pragma: no-cache
    25. Server: bfe/1.0.8.18
    26.  
    27. [root@rhel77 ~]#

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/z19861216/article/details/132538924