Python：基于dlib，numpy进行换脸实践

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简介

基于dlib进行人脸互换操作。

实践

1. 环境准备

# pip install boost
# pip install cmake
# pip install dlib
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如果仍然安装失败，请参考 https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45070929/article/details/118612849，进行c++相关组件安装教程。

2. 代码如下

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Created on Fri Aug  4 15:10:26 2017

@author: Quantum Liu

reference:https://github.com/matthewearl/faceswap
"""

# pip install boost
# pip install cmake
# pip install dlib

import sys, os, traceback
import cv2
import dlib
import numpy as np


class TooManyFaces(Exception):
    '''
    定位到太多脸
    '''
    pass


class NoFace(Exception):
    '''
    没脸
    '''
    pass


class Faceswapper():
    '''
    人脸交换器类
    实例化时载入多个头照片资源
    '''

    def __init__(self, heads_list=[], predictor_path="H:/FaceSwapper/shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat"):
        '''
        head_list:./data/shape_predictor_68_face_landmarks.dat
            头（背景和发型）来源图片的路径的字符串列表，根据此列表在实例化时载入多个头像资源，
            并获得面部识别点坐标，以字典形式存储，键名为文件名
        predictor_path:
            dlib资源的路径
        '''
        # 五官等标记点
        self.PREDICTOR_PATH = predictor_path
        self.FACE_POINTS = list(range(17, 68))
        self.MOUTH_POINTS = list(range(48, 61))
        self.RIGHT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(17, 22))
        self.LEFT_BROW_POINTS = list(range(22, 27))
        self.RIGHT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(36, 42))
        self.LEFT_EYE_POINTS = list(range(42, 48))
        self.NOSE_POINTS = list(range(27, 35))
        self.JAW_POINTS = list(range(0, 17))

        # 人脸的完整标记点
        self.ALIGN_POINTS = (self.LEFT_BROW_POINTS + self.RIGHT_EYE_POINTS + self.LEFT_EYE_POINTS +
                             self.RIGHT_BROW_POINTS + self.NOSE_POINTS + self.MOUTH_POINTS)

        # 来自第二张图（脸）的标记点，眼、眉、鼻子、嘴，这一部分标记点将覆盖第一张图的对应标记点
        self.OVERLAY_POINTS = [
            self.LEFT_EYE_POINTS + self.RIGHT_EYE_POINTS + self.LEFT_BROW_POINTS + self.RIGHT_BROW_POINTS,
            self.NOSE_POINTS + self.MOUTH_POINTS]

        # 颜色校正参数
        self.COLOUR_CORRECT_BLUR_FRAC = 0.6

        # 人脸定位、特征提取器，来自dlib
        self.detector = dlib.get_frontal_face_detector()
        self.predictor = dlib.shape_predictor(self.PREDICTOR_PATH)

        # 头像资源
        self.heads = {}
        if heads_list:
            self.load_heads(heads_list)

    def load_heads(self, heads_list):
        '''
        根据head_list添加更多头像资源
        '''
        self.heads.update({os.path.split(name)[-1]: (self.read_and_mark(name)) for name in heads_list})

    def get_landmarks(self, im, fname, n=1):
        '''
        人脸定位和特征提取，定位到两张及以上脸或者没有人脸将抛出异常
        im:
            照片的numpy数组
        fname:
            照片名字的字符串
        返回值:
            人脸特征(x,y)坐标的矩阵
        '''
        rects = self.detector(im, 1)

        if len(rects) > n:
            raise TooManyFaces('No face in ' + fname)
        if len(rects) < 0:
            raise NoFace('Too many faces in ' + fname)
        return np.matrix([[p.x, p.y] for p in self.predictor(im, rects[0]).parts()])

    def read_im(self, fname, scale=1):
        '''
        读取图片
        '''
        # =============================================================================
        #         im = cv2.imread(fname, cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)
        # =============================================================================
        im = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(fname, dtype=np.uint8), -1)
        if type(im) == type(None):
            print(fname)
            raise ValueError('Opencv read image {} error, got None'.format(fname))
        return im

    def read_and_mark(self, fname):
        im = self.read_im(fname)
        return im, self.get_landmarks(im, fname)

    def resize(self, im_head, landmarks_head, im_face, landmarks_face):
        '''
        根据头照片和脸照片的大小（分辨率）调整图片大小，增强融合效果
        '''
        scale = np.sqrt((im_head.shape[0] * im_head.shape[1]) / (im_face.shape[0] * im_face.shape[1]))
        if scale > 1:
            im_head = cv2.resize(im_head, (int(im_head.shape[1] / scale), int(im_head.shape[0] / scale)))
            landmarks_head = (landmarks_head / scale).astype(landmarks_head.dtype)
        else:
            im_face = cv2.resize(im_face, (int(im_face.shape[1] * scale), int(im_face.shape[0] * scale)))
            landmarks_face = (landmarks_face * scale).astype(landmarks_face.dtype)
        return im_head, landmarks_head, im_face, landmarks_face

    def draw_convex_hull(self, im, points, color):
        '''
        勾画多凸边形
        '''
        points = cv2.convexHull(points)
        cv2.fillConvexPoly(im, points, color=color)

    def get_face_mask(self, im, landmarks, ksize=(11, 11)):
        '''
        获得面部遮罩
        '''
        mask = np.zeros(im.shape[:2], dtype=np.float64)

        for group in self.OVERLAY_POINTS:
            self.draw_convex_hull(mask,
                                  landmarks[group],
                                  color=1)

        mask = np.array([mask, mask, mask]).transpose((1, 2, 0))

        mask = (cv2.GaussianBlur(mask, ksize, 0) > 0) * 1.0
        mask = cv2.GaussianBlur(mask, ksize, 0)

        return mask

    def transformation_from_points(self, points1, points2):
        """
        Return an affine transformation [s * R | T] such that:

            sum ||s*R*p1,i + T - p2,i||^2

        is minimized.
        计算仿射矩阵
        参考：https://github.com/matthewearl/faceswap/blob/master/faceswap.py
        """
        # Solve the procrustes problem by subtracting centroids, scaling by the
        # standard deviation, and then using the SVD to calculate the rotation. See
        # the following for more details:
        #   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthogonal_Procrustes_problem

        points1 = points1.astype(np.float64)
        points2 = points2.astype(np.float64)

        c1 = np.mean(points1, axis=0)
        c2 = np.mean(points2, axis=0)
        points1 -= c1
        points2 -= c2

        s1 = np.std(points1)
        s2 = np.std(points2)
        points1 /= s1
        points2 /= s2

        U, S, Vt = np.linalg.svd(points1.T * points2)

        # The R we seek is in fact the transpose of the one given by U * Vt. This
        # is because the above formulation assumes the matrix goes on the right
        # (with row vectors) where as our solution requires the matrix to be on the
        # left (with column vectors).
        R = (U * Vt).T

        return np.vstack([np.hstack(((s2 / s1) * R,
                                     c2.T - (s2 / s1) * R * c1.T)),
                          np.matrix([0., 0., 1.])])

    def warp_im(self, im, M, dshape):
        '''
        人脸位置仿射变换
        '''
        output_im = np.zeros(dshape, dtype=im.dtype)
        cv2.warpAffine(im,
                       M[:2],
                       (dshape[1], dshape[0]),
                       dst=output_im,
                       borderMode=cv2.BORDER_TRANSPARENT,
                       flags=cv2.WARP_INVERSE_MAP)
        return output_im

    def correct_colours(self, im1, im2, landmarks_head):
        '''
        颜色校正
        '''
        blur_amount = int(self.COLOUR_CORRECT_BLUR_FRAC * np.linalg.norm(
            np.mean(landmarks_head[self.LEFT_EYE_POINTS], axis=0) -
            np.mean(landmarks_head[self.RIGHT_EYE_POINTS], axis=0)))
        if blur_amount % 2 == 0:
            blur_amount += 1
        im1_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im1, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)
        im2_blur = cv2.GaussianBlur(im2, (blur_amount, blur_amount), 0)
        im2_blur += (128 * (im2_blur <= 1.0)).astype(im2_blur.dtype)
        return im2.astype(np.float64) * im1_blur.astype(np.float64) / im2_blur.astype(np.float64)

    def swap(self, head_name, face_path):
        '''
        主函数 人脸交换
        head_name：
            头资源的键名字符串
        face_path:
            脸来源的图像路径名
        '''
        im_head, landmarks_head, im_face, landmarks_face = self.resize(*self.heads[head_name],
                                                                       *self.read_and_mark(face_path))
        M = self.transformation_from_points(landmarks_head[self.ALIGN_POINTS],
                                            landmarks_face[self.ALIGN_POINTS])

        face_mask = self.get_face_mask(im_face, landmarks_face)
        warped_mask = self.warp_im(face_mask, M, im_head.shape)
        combined_mask = np.max([self.get_face_mask(im_head, landmarks_head), warped_mask],
                               axis=0)

        warped_face = self.warp_im(im_face, M, im_head.shape)
        warped_corrected_im2 = self.correct_colours(im_head, warped_face, landmarks_head)

        out = im_head * (1.0 - combined_mask) + warped_corrected_im2 * combined_mask
        return out

    def save(self, output_path, output_im):
        '''
        保存图片
        '''
        cv2.imencode('.jpg', output_im)[1].tofile(output_path)


# =============================================================================
#         cv2.imwrite(os.path.abspath(output_path.encode('utf-8').decode('gbk')), output_im)
# =============================================================================

if __name__ == '__main__':
    '''
    命令行运行：
    python faceswapper.py <头路径> <脸路径> <输出图片路径>(可选，默认./output.jpg)
    '''
    head, face_path, out = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], (sys.argv[3] if len(sys.argv) >= 4 else 'output.jpg')
    swapper = Faceswapper([head])
    output_im = swapper.swap(os.path.split(head)[-1], face_path)  # 返回的numpy数组
    swapper.save(out, output_im)
    output_im[output_im > 254.9] = 254.9
# cv2.imshow('',output_im.astype('uint8'))
#  cv2.waitKey()

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小结

参考： https://github.com/matthewearl/faceswap
https://gitee.com/wllsxz/mask-changing/blob/master/faceswapper.py

安装教程：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45070929/article/details/118612849