synchronized使用了对象锁保证了临界区代码的原子性,临界区内的代码是不可分割的,不会被线程切换所打断。
如:
public class Test { private static int x = 0; private static final Object sync = new Object(); public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { Thread t1 = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) { synchronized (sync) { x++; } } } }; Thread t2 = new Thread() { @Override public void run() { for (int i = 0; i < 5000; i++) { synchronized (sync) { x--; } } } }; t1.start(); t2.start(); t1.join(); t2.join(); System.out.println(x); } }
synchronized也可以放在方法上:
1. 放在非静态方法:
public synchronized void test1() { } 等价于 public void test1() { synchronized (this) { } }
2. 放在静态方法:
Class Test { public synchronized static void test1() { } 等价于 public void test1() { synchronized (Test.class) { } } }