定义于头文件
算法库提供大量用途的函数(例如查找、排序、计数、操作),它们在元素范围上操作。注意范围定义为 [first, last) ,其中 last 指代要查询或修改的最后元素的后一个元素。
std::includes
| template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2 > bool includes( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2 ); | (1) | (C++20 前) |
| template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2 > constexpr bool includes( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2 ); | (C++20 起) | |
| template< class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2 > bool includes( ExecutionPolicy&& policy, ForwardIt1 first1, ForwardIt1 last1, ForwardIt2 first2, ForwardIt2 last2 ); | (2) | (C++17 起) |
| template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class Compare > bool includes( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, Compare comp ); | (3) | (C++20 前) |
| template< class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class Compare > constexpr bool includes( InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1, InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, Compare comp ); | (C++20 起) | |
| template< class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIt1, class ForwardIt2, class Compare > bool includes( ExecutionPolicy&& policy, ForwardIt1 first1, ForwardIt1 last1, ForwardIt2 first2, ForwardIt2 last2, Compare comp ); | (4) | (C++17 起) |
若已排序范围 [first2, last2) 是已排序范围 [first1, last1) 的子序列则返回 true 。(子序列不必相接。)
1) 两个范围都必须以 operator< 排序。
3) 两个范围都必须以给定的比较函数 comp 排序。
2,4) 同 (1,3) ,但按照 policy 执行。这些重载仅若 std::is_execution_policy_v
| first1, last1 | - | 要检验的已排序元素范围 |
| first2, last2 | - | 要搜索的已排序元素范围 |
| policy | - | 所用的执行策略。细节见执行策略。 |
| comp | - | 比较函数对象(即满足比较 (Compare) 概念的对象),若第一参数小于(即先序于)第二参数则返回 true 。 比较函数的签名应等价于如下: bool cmp(const Type1 &a, const Type2 &b); 虽然签名不必有 const & ,函数也不能修改传递给它的对象,而且必须接受(可为 const 的)类型 |
| 类型要求 | ||
- InputIt1, InputIt2 必须满足遗留输入迭代器 (LegacyInputIterator) 的要求。 | ||
- ForwardIt1, ForwardIt2 必须满足遗留向前迭代器 (LegacyForwardIterator) 的要求。 | ||
若 [first2, last2) 是 [first1, last1) 的子序列则为 true ;否则为 false 。
至多 2·(N1+N2-1) 次比较,其中 N1 = std::distance(first1, last1) 而 N2 = std::distance(first2, last2) 。
拥有名为 ExecutionPolicy 的模板形参的重载按下列方式报告错误:
ExecutionPolicy 为标准策略之一,则调用 std::terminate 。对于任何其他 ExecutionPolicy ,行为是实现定义的。- template<class InputIt1, class InputIt2>
- bool includes(InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
- InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2)
- {
- for (; first2 != last2; ++first1)
- {
- if (first1 == last1 || *first2 < *first1)
- return false;
- if ( !(*first1 < *first2) )
- ++first2;
- }
- return true;
- }
- template<class InputIt1, class InputIt2, class Compare>
- bool includes(InputIt1 first1, InputIt1 last1,
- InputIt2 first2, InputIt2 last2, Compare comp)
- {
- for (; first2 != last2; ++first1)
- {
- if (first1 == last1 || comp(*first2, *first1))
- return false;
- if (!comp(*first1, *first2))
- ++first2;
- }
- return true;
- }
- #include <iostream>
- #include <algorithm>
- #include <functional>
- #include <vector>
- #include <iterator>
- #include <time.h>
-
- using namespace std;
-
- struct Cell
- {
- int x;
- int y;
-
- Cell &operator +=(const Cell &cell)
- {
- x += cell.x;
- y += cell.y;
- return *this;
- }
-
- bool operator <(const Cell &cell) const
- {
- if (x == cell.x)
- {
- return y < cell.y;
- }
- else
- {
- return x < cell.x;
- }
- }
- };
-
- std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const Cell &cell)
- {
- os << "{" << cell.x << "," << cell.y << "}";
- return os;
- }
-
- int main()
- {
- srand((unsigned)time(NULL));;
-
- std::cout.setf(std::ios_base::boolalpha);
-
- auto func1 = []()
- {
- int n = std::rand() % 10 + 100;
- Cell cell{n, n};
- return cell;
- };
-
- // 初始化cells1
- vector<Cell> cells1(8);
- std::generate(cells1.begin(), cells1.end(), func1);
-
- // 使用cells1初始化cells3
- vector<Cell> cells3(5);
- std::copy(cells1.begin(), cells1.begin() + cells3.size(), cells3.begin());
-
- // 排序cells1
- std::stable_sort(cells1.begin(), cells1.end());
-
- // 打印cells1
- std::cout << "cells 1 : ";
- std::copy(cells1.begin(), cells1.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- // 初始化cells2
- vector<Cell> cells2(5);
- std::generate(cells2.begin(), cells2.end(), func1);
- // 排序cells2
- std::stable_sort(cells2.begin(), cells2.end());
-
- // 打印cells2
- std::cout << "cells 2 : ";
- std::copy(cells2.begin(), cells2.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- bool bResult = std::includes(cells1.begin(), cells1.end(), cells2.begin(), cells2.end());
- std::cout << "cells1 include cells2: " << bResult ;
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- // 排序cells3
- std::stable_sort(cells3.begin(), cells3.end());
-
- // 打印cells3
- std::cout << "cells 3 : ";
- std::copy(cells3.begin(), cells3.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- bResult = std::includes(cells1.begin(), cells1.end(), cells3.begin(), cells3.end());
- std::cout << "cells1 include cells3: " << bResult ;
- std::cout << std::endl;
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
-
- auto is_sortf = [](const Cell & a, const Cell & b)
- {
- if (a.x == b.x)
- {
- return a.y > b.y;
- }
- return a.x > b.x;
- };
-
- // 初始化cells4
- vector<Cell> cells4(8);
- std::generate(cells4.begin(), cells4.end(), func1);
-
- // 使用cells4初始化cells6
- vector<Cell> cells6(5);
- std::copy(cells4.begin(), cells4.begin() + cells6.size(), cells6.begin());
-
- // 排序cells4
- std::stable_sort(cells4.begin(), cells4.end(), is_sortf);
-
- // 打印cells4
- std::cout << "cells 4 : ";
- std::copy(cells4.begin(), cells4.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- // 初始化cells5
- vector<Cell> cells5(5);
- std::generate(cells5.begin(), cells5.end(), func1);
-
- // 排序cells5
- std::stable_sort(cells5.begin(), cells5.end(), is_sortf);
-
- // 打印cells5
- std::cout << "cells 5 : ";
- std::copy(cells5.begin(), cells5.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- bResult = std::includes(cells4.begin(), cells4.end(), cells5.begin(), cells5.end(), is_sortf);
- std::cout << "cells4 include cells4: " << bResult ;
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- // 排序cells3
- std::stable_sort(cells6.begin(), cells6.end(), is_sortf);
-
- // 打印cells6
- std::cout << "cells 6 : ";
- std::copy(cells6.begin(), cells6.end(), std::ostream_iterator<Cell>(std::cout, " "));
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- bResult = std::includes(cells4.begin(), cells4.end(), cells6.begin(), cells6.end(), is_sortf);
- std::cout << "cells4 include cells6: " << bResult ;
- std::cout << std::endl;
- std::cout << std::endl;
-
- return 0;
- }
