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王学岗音视频开发(二)—————OpenGLES开发实践
矩阵以及矩阵运算
上图就是m x a 的矩阵
1x3+0x2+2x1 :为左侧第一行乘以右侧第一列。
1x1+0x1+2x0 :为左侧第一行乘以右侧第二列。
-1x3+3x2+1x1:为左侧第二行乘以右侧第一列。
-1x1+3x1+1x0:为左侧第二行乘以右侧第二列。矩阵的行列式
伴随矩阵
A*表示伴随矩阵OpenGL 教程----屏幕变成红色
Vulkan(google推出的代替OpenGL,可以了解下)
CMakeLists的配置cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10) MESSAGE(STATUS "${FFMPENG_DIR}/include") MESSAGE(STATUS "${FFMPENG_DIR}/lib") add_library(Test221123 SHARED src/main/cpp/MyRender.cpp) find_library(log-lib log) #增加 -lGLESv1_CM -lGLESv2库的支持 target_link_libraries(Test221123 -lGLESv1_CM -lGLESv2 ${log-lib})- 1
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MainActivity
package com.example.testndkempty; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.TextView; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private GLSurfaceView glSurfaceView; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); glSurfaceView = new GLSurfaceView(this); glSurfaceView.setRenderer(new MyRender()); setContentView(glSurfaceView); } }- 1
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package com.example.testndkempty; import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView; import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig; import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10; public class MyRender implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer { static { System.loadLibrary("Test221123"); } private native void initOpenGL(); private native void paintGL(); private native void resizeGL(int width,int height); @Override public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) { initOpenGL(); } @Override public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) { resizeGL(width,height); } @Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) { paintGL(); } }- 1
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com_example_testndkempty_MyRender.h文件
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */ #include/* Header for class com_example_testndkempty_MyRender */ #ifndef _Included_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender #define _Included_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif /* * Class: com_example_testndkempty_MyRender * Method: initOpenGL * Signature: ()V */ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_initOpenGL (JNIEnv *, jobject); /* * Class: com_example_testndkempty_MyRender * Method: paintGL * Signature: ()V */ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_paintGL (JNIEnv *, jobject); /* * Class: com_example_testndkempty_MyRender * Method: resizeGL * Signature: (II)V */ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_resizeGL (JNIEnv *, jobject, jint, jint); #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif - 1
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MyRender.cpp文件
// // Created by 王学岗 on 2022/11/24. // #include "com_example_testndkempty_MyRender.h" #include#include #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_initOpenGL (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) { //glClear函数来自OPENGL,其中它是通过glClear使用红，绿，蓝以及AFA值来清除颜色缓冲区的， //并且都被归一化在（0，1）之间的值，其实就是清空当前的所有颜色。 //初始化的时候给一个颜色,R为1，GB为0，Alpha为1.0 glClearColor(1.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); //清空深度缓存 // glClearDepthf指定glClear用于清除深度缓冲区的深度值。 glClearDepthf指定的值被限制在0 1范围内 glClearDepthf(1.0); //用来开启更新深度缓冲区的功能，也就是，如果通过比较后深度值发生变化了， //会进行更新深度缓冲区的操作。启动它，OpenGL就可以跟踪再Z轴上的像素，这样，它只会再那个像素前方没有东西时，才会绘画这个像素。 //在做绘画3D时，这个功能最好启动，视觉效果比较真实。 //启动深度测试 glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); //指定“目标像素与当前像素在z方向上值大小比较”（即深度的比较）的函数， //符合该函数关系的目标像素才进行绘制（渲染），否则对目标像素不予绘制，可以取下值： //在什么情况下使用深度测试 glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL);//GL_LEQUAL,如果目标像素<=当前像素z值，则绘制目标像素 } JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_paintGL (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) { //清空颜色缓冲区，和深度缓冲区 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); //重置 glLoadIdentity(); } JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_com_example_testndkempty_MyRender_resizeGL (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jint width, jint height) { //glViewport在默认情况下，视口被设置为占据打开窗口的整个像素矩形，窗口大小和设置视口大小相同， //所以为了选择一个更小的绘图区域，就可以用glViewport函数来实现这一变换，在窗口中定义一个像素矩形， //最终将图像映射到这个矩形中。例如可以对窗口区域进行划分，在同一个窗口中显示分割屏幕的效果，以显示多个视图。 glViewport(0,0,width,height); //投影矩阵[点击查看详细意义](https://blog.csdn.net/caoshangpa/article/details/80266028) glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); [点击查看详细意义](https://blog.csdn.net/wsq198760/article/details/84080253) glOrthof(-1,1,-1,1,0.1,1000.0); } #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif - 1
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LOG打印日志的实现
这是一个头文件
// // Created by 王学岗 on 2022/11/24. // #ifndef TESTNDKEMPTY_MYNDKLOG_H #define TESTNDKEMPTY_MYNDKLOG_H #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #include#define LOG "王学岗" #define LOGD(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG,LOG,__VA_ARGS__) #define LOGI(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO,LOG,__VA_ARGS__) #define LOGW(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_WARN,LOG,__VA_ARGS__) #define LOGE(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR,LOG,__VA_ARGS__) #define LOGF(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_FATAL,LOG,__VA_ARGS__) #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif - 1
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使用的时候导入这个头文件就行了。
代码释疑
1，glFrustumf()透视投影
2，glm::mat4x4 cubeMat; glm::mat4x4 cubeTransMat = glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -0.5)); glm::mat4x4 cubeRotMat = glm::rotate(glm::mat4(1.0f),m_angle,glm::vec3(0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0) ); glm::mat4x4 cubeScaleMat = glm::scale(glm::mat4(1.0f),glm::vec3(0.5f, 0.4f, 0.5) ); cubeMat = cubeTransMat * cubeRotMat * cubeScaleMat;- 1
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mat4(1.0f)为单位矩阵。
3，UV坐标
4，纹理贴图：
getActiveTexture代表第几张图片，
5，VBO
纹理贴图——把贴图画到平面上
stb_image：加载图片的c库，
#ifndef CCIMAGE_H #define CCIMAGE_H #define STB_IMAGE_IMPLEMENTATION #include#include extern "C"{ #include "stb_image.h" } #ifndef U8_t #define U8_t unsigned char #endif class CCImage { public: CCImage(int w, int h,int type, U8_t* imgData){ m_width =w; m_height =h; m_type = type; int imgSize = m_width * m_height * 4; if(imgSize >0 && imgData != nullptr){ m_pImgData =(U8_t*) malloc(imgSize); memcpy(m_pImgData,imgData,imgSize); }else{ m_pImgData = NULL; } } ~CCImage() { if(m_pImgData) { free(m_pImgData); } } static CCImage* ReadFromFile(const char* fileName){ int type = 0; int width = 0; int height = 0; //stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load(true); U8_t* picData = stbi_load(fileName, &width, &height, &type, STBI_rgb_alpha); CCImage* image = new CCImage(width, height, type, (U8_t*)picData); stbi_image_free(picData); return image; } static CCImage* ReadFromBuffer(unsigned char * dataBuff,int length){ int type = 0; int width = 0; int height = 0; stbi_set_flip_vertically_on_load(true); U8_t* picData = stbi_load_from_memory(dataBuff, length, &width, &height, &type, 0); CCImage* image = new CCImage(width, height, type, (U8_t*)picData); stbi_image_free(picData); return image; } int GetWidth() const {return m_width; } int GetHeight() const { return m_height; } int GetType() const {return m_type; } U8_t* GetData() const { return m_pImgData; } private: int m_width =0; int m_height =0; int m_type =0; U8_t* m_pImgData =NULL; }; #endif // CCIMAGE_H - 1
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// // Created by chenchao on 2021/8/10. // #include "com_example_ccopengles_CCGLRender.h" #include#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "CCNDKLogDef.h" #include "CCGLPrimitivesDef.h" #include "CCImage.h" #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif float m_angle =0.0f; GLuint m_texID; GLuint createOpenGLTexture(CCImage* pImg); void Java_com_example_ccopengles_CCGLRender_ndkInitGL(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) { glClearColor(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0); glClearDepthf(1.0); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); } void Java_com_example_ccopengles_CCGLRender_ndkPaintGL(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glLoadIdentity(); //glCullFace(GL_BACK); //UV坐标与顶点相结合 CCFloat5 planVertices[] = { { -1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 0 },//x,y,z,u,v { -1.0f,1.0f, 1.0f, 0, 1 },// { 1.0f,-1.0f, 1.0f, 1, 0 },// { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1, 1 },// }; glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,m_texID); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glEnableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY);//GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY 不是Render glVertexPointer(3,GL_FLOAT,sizeof(CCFloat5),planVertices); glTexCoordPointer(2,GL_FLOAT,sizeof(CCFloat5),&planVertices[0].u); //m_angle += 0.05f; glm::mat4x4 cubeMat; glm::mat4x4 cubeTransMat = glm::translate(glm::mat4(1.0f), glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, -0.5)); glm::mat4x4 cubeRotMat = glm::rotate(glm::mat4(1.0f),m_angle,glm::vec3(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0) ); glm::mat4x4 cubeScaleMat = glm::scale(glm::mat4(1.0f),glm::vec3(1.0f, 0.7f, 0.5) ); cubeMat = cubeTransMat * cubeRotMat * cubeScaleMat; glLoadMatrixf(glm::value_ptr(cubeMat)); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,4); glDisableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); glDisableClientState(GL_TEXTURE_COORD_ARRAY); } void Java_com_example_ccopengles_CCGLRender_ndkResizeGL(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jint width, jint height) { glViewport(0,0,width,height); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); glOrthof(-1,1,-1,1,0.1,1000.0); //glFrustumf(-1,1,-1,1,0.1,1000.0); } //fName 图片的名字，图片在assets下面 int Java_com_example_ccopengles_CCGLRender_ndkReadResourceFile (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jobject assetManager, jstring fName) { //获取AssetManager AAssetManager *mAssetManager = AAssetManager_fromJava (env, assetManager); if (NULL == mAssetManager){ LOGF("assetManager is NULL"); return -1; } const char *fileName = env->GetStringUTFChars(fName, 0); if (NULL == fileName){ LOGF("fileName is NULL"); return -1; } LOGD ("FileName is %s", fileName); AAsset *asset = AAssetManager_open (mAssetManager, fileName, AASSET_MODE_UNKNOWN); if (NULL == asset){ LOGF("asset is NULL"); return -1; } //获取文件buffer大小 off_t bufferSize = AAsset_getLength(asset); LOGD("buffer size is %ld", bufferSize); unsigned char *imgBuff = (unsigned char *)malloc(bufferSize + 1); if (NULL == imgBuff){ LOGF("imgBuff alloc failed"); return -1; } memset(imgBuff, 0, bufferSize + 1); int readLen = AAsset_read(asset, imgBuff, bufferSize); LOGD("Picture read: %d", readLen); CCImage* glImage = CCImage::ReadFromBuffer(imgBuff,readLen); m_texID = createOpenGLTexture(glImage); delete glImage; if (imgBuff){ free(imgBuff); imgBuff = NULL; } AAsset_close(asset); env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(fName, fileName); return 0; } GLuint createOpenGLTexture(CCImage* pImg) { if(pImg == NULL){ return -1; } GLuint textureID;//纹理索引 glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D); glGenTextures(1,&textureID);//产生纹理索引 glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D,textureID);//绑定纹理索引，之后的操作都针对当前纹理索引 glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);//指当纹理图象被使用到一个大于它的形状上时 glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D,GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GL_LINEAR);//指当纹理图象被使用到一个小于或等于它的形状上时 glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);//s方向拉伸到边缘 glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);//t方向拉伸到边缘 glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D,0,GL_RGBA,pImg->GetWidth(),pImg->GetHeight(),0,GL_RGBA,GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,pImg->GetData());//指定参数，生成纹理 return textureID; } #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif - 1
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package com.example.ccopengles; import android.content.Context; import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView; import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig; import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10; import android.content.res.AssetManager; public class CCGLRender implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer { CCGLRender(Context ctx){ m_glContex = ctx; } private Context m_glContex; private native void ndkInitGL(); private native void ndkPaintGL(); private native void ndkResizeGL(int width,int height); private native int ndkReadResourceFile(AssetManager assetManager, String fileName); @Override public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config){ AssetManager assetManager = m_glContex.getAssets(); ndkInitGL(); ndkReadResourceFile(assetManager,"rabit.png"); } @Override public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width,int height){ ndkResizeGL(width, height); } @Override public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl){ ndkPaintGL(); } static { System.loadLibrary("CCOpenGLRender"); } }- 1
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// // Created by chenchao on 2021/8/10. // #ifndef CCOPENGLES_CCGLPRIMITIVESDEF_H #define CCOPENGLES_CCGLPRIMITIVESDEF_H #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif struct CCFloat7{ float x; float y; float z; float r; float g; float b; float a; }; struct CCFloat3{ float x; float y; float z; }; struct CCFloat4{ float r; float g; float b; float a; }; struct CCFloat5{ float x; float y; float z; float u; float v; }; #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif //CCOPENGLES_CCGLPRIMITIVESDEF_H- 1
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qczg_wxg/article/details/128008410
