Windows安装配置Vagrant

1、下载

1.1、连接：https://developer.hashicorp.com/vagrant/downloads

1.2 、选择系统、版本、型号，然后下载

2、安装

2.1、双击运行下载的可执行文件，点击Next

2.2、先同意许可，然后点击Next

2.3、点击Change，选择安装目录，然后点击Next

2.4、点击Install，然后等待安装

2.5、点击Finish，然后直接选择重启（Yes）

2.6、Windows+R调出运行，输入cmd回车调出DOS命令窗口，输入vagrant -v，如下即安装成功

3、配置

3.1、配置box的存储位置

3.1.1 简介

通过 Vagrant 创建虚机需要先导入镜像文件，默认存储位置是在用户目录下的 .vagrant.d 目录下，对于 Windows 系统来说，就是 C:\Users\用户名.vagrant.d。如果后续会用到较多镜像，或者C 盘空间比较紧缺，则可通过创建环境变量 VAGRANT_HOME 来设置该目录。

3.1.2、新建系统环境变量

变量名： VAGRANT_HOME
变量值：（根据你的目录写，文件夹.vagrant.d可以是别的名字）

4、基础用法

4.1、下载镜像

4.1.1、官方仓库：https://app.vagrantup.com/boxes/search

4.1.2、第三方仓库：http://www.vagrantbox.es/

4.2、将镜像（Box）添加到本地仓库

命令：vagrant box add osName --name
例子：vagrant box add centos/7 --name centos7
如果box已经下载到本地（推荐，官方仓库下载慢）：
命令：vagrant box add filePath --name
例子：vagrant box add C:\Users\LENG\Downloads\CentOS-7-x86_64-Vagrant-2004_01.VirtualBox.box --name centos7

这时候步骤3.1配置的文件夹下就会增加一个box

4.3、显示已添加到本地的box列表

命令：vagrant box list

4.4、初始化虚拟机系统

4.4.1、命令：vagrant init centos7

4.4.2、当前目录下生成一个文件 Vagrantfile

4.5、编辑Vagrantfile文件

# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "centos7"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"

  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network", ip: "192.168.56.10"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"

  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
  #   vb.memory = "1024"
  # end
  
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
	# 名称
	vb.name = "centos7-1"
	# CPU大小
	vb.cpus = 2
	# 内存大小
	vb.memory = "2048"
  end
  
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Ansible, Chef, Docker, Puppet and Salt are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   apt-get update
  #   apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL
end
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79

4.6、启动虚拟机

命令：vagrant up

由于安装的VirtualBox（7.0.2）版本太高，Vagrant（2.2.19）不支持，请查看此解决办法：https://blog.csdn.net/zf14840/article/details/127289925

经过上述方法解决后，执行vagrant up，则可以正常启动

4.7、连接虚拟机系统

命令：vagrant ssh

4.8、开启远程登录

4.8.1、切换到root用户

命令：su root
密码默认是vagrant

4.8.2、修改 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件

将 PasswordAuthentication no 改成 yes

4.8.3、然后重启SSH服务

命令：systemctl restart sshd

5、常用命令列表