Adaptive AUTOSAR Technology Sharing

一、目录

• Requirements

• Execution Management & State Management

• Vehicle EE Architecture

• Service-oriented Communication

• Vehicle Software Architecture

• Diagnostic Management

• Domain Hardware Architecture

• Persistency

• Adaptive AUTOSAR Motivation

• Log And Trace

• AUTOSAR Product Comparison

• Safety Support

• AUTOSAR Software Architecture

• Transparent To Other standards

• Development Environment

• AP Development Workflow & Methodology

二、未来汽车基础设施需求

主要驱动因素

• Automated Driving
• Car-2-X applications
• Vehicle in the cloud
• Vehicle in the cloud

需求

• High computing power
• High data rates
• High availability, fail-operational systems
• Update over the air
• Safety and security needs

三、整车架构

传统架构

• 以太网CAN/CAN-FD以及网关连接到一个中央网关上
• 以小的控制器为主
  

未来Vehicle EE 架构

• 以大的控制器为主
  

整车软件架构

• OS（QNX 、Linux、Android、PikeOS），domain控制器级别的OS(基于MCU、MPU就称之为domain)
• OTA、Diagnostic、BigData
• Safety、Security
  
• domain级别的OS
  

Domain 硬件架构

• 多处理器（CPU、GPU）
• Cameras、RFadra、Lidar
• 以太网、CAN、LIN、FlexRay
  

Domain软件架构

• 目前大多厂商以一个高通芯片上虚拟出一个QNX一个Android
• AutoSar是一个在OS上的应用（中间件），它并不是OS
• 自动驾驶推动了AP的产生
  

四、CP vs AP

五、AP架构

基于AutoSar17.03

Developed in C++ (C14/17)

• OS will provide POSIX PSE51 interfaces to the application but Adaptive Platform will require further features

Platform Health Management

• Alive Supervision

Execution Management

• Lifecycle management of platform (machine) and application (process) incl.
  privileges of access control and machine states
• Communication Management
  SOME/IP based including serialization and service discovery.
  publish/subscribe mechanism for intra- and inter-ECU communication.

Diagnostics

• Event memory management and diagnostic service handling.

Update and Configure Management

• UCM is responsible for updating, installing, deleting and saving software records on the adaptive platform

State Management

• Mainly responsible for the state switching of the entire machine state and its functional groups, and notify the EM to perform related state switching.

RESTful

• It is a design style and development method of web application, based on HTTP, can use XML format definition or JSON format definition.

ldentity and Access Management

• Introduces separation of privileges for adaptive applications and prevents privilege escalation during attacks

Log And Truce

• Use AUTOSAR standard protocol DLT, function similar to Glog(google).

Time Synchronization

• For time synchronization between different systems, the accuracy can reach sub-microsecond level

Cryptography

• Provides APIS for common encryption operations and security key management.

Signal to Service

• can总线是以信号为基础的
• COnversion from data signal to service

1.Execution Management与State Management的关系

2.Service-oriented communication

• SW components executed on the adaptive platform will use service-oriented communication.
• Communication paths can be established at design- and at run-time.
  

Feature

• ara::com

• SOME/IP、IPC、DDS

• Method、Event、Field

• Proxy、Skeleton

• Tag Length Value/TLV（【基础】TLV 报文格式详细解析）

• Transport layer Security/TLS
  （1）TLS报文：LS是在SSL的基础上标准化的产物，目前SSL3.0与TLS1.0保持一致，二者是并列关系。SSL/TLS位于传输层和应用层之间，应用层数据不再直接传递给传输层，而是传递给TLS层，TLS层对从应用层收到的数据进行加密，并增加自己的TLS头。
  （2）实验六 TLS协议报文解析

• Design and Implementation

• Code Generation
  

• Service Discovery finds all local and remote Service Instances in the System.

• Available Service Instances are represented by Proxies (P1…P3) to the Application.

• Application can choose which Service Instance(s) to use.

2.Diagnostic Management

Feature：

• ISO 14229-5(UDSon IP)
• including fault-memory(DTL)handing
• including transport layers(ie.DoIP - ISO 13400-x)
• ARA service: Uses ara::com interface
  

3.Persistency

In AUTOSAR Adaptive the Persistency cluster provides a library based implementation to access non-volatile memory to Adaptive Applications so that data can be stored non volatilely.

Key-Value Storage

• Multiple values stored in one storage location
• Addressing of single values by using a key as idefier
• Multiple storage locations/databases can be used
• Database format not specified by AUTOSAR

Stream Storage

• Raw access to storage locations/files
• Used for access to files in any format
• API derived from C++ Standard Library std::fstream classes
  

4.Log and Trace

The AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform Logging provides interfaces for Applications to initialize a Logging
framework, forwarding logging information and to convert decimal values into the hexadecimal or binary system.

• There are three main storage media for this function ：Terminal, File. and Remote Client.

Main Tasks

• Provide interfaces for Adaptive applications to forward logging data.
• Provide interfaces for data conversion (Hex, Dec, Bin).

5.安全支持

6.安全方法

7.信息安全

AUTOSAR goals

• Support the development of secure systems through the two standards
• To provide layered automotive security approach, to define measures at specific layers:
• Individual ECU
• In vehicle network
• E/E architecture
• Connected vehicle

Provide and support Coexistence and Interoperability of Security measures between CP and AP

Adaptive Platform Security Feature Team

• Responsible for providing features that enable the development of a secure system
• Provide security controls to platform functional clusters and for secure deployment of adaptive platform application

8. AutoSar：Transparent To Other standards

• The adaptive AUTOSAR specification is not original, but draws on the strengths of various companies, such ad SOME/IP、DDS、RESTful、TimeSync、etc
  

Feature：

• Safety && Security
• Connect
• OTA
  

9.AP development Workflow & Methodology

• platform development
• application development
• integration
• deployment
• execution

10.AP EB Developemt Enviroment

AP Vector Development Environment
Host

• OS-TYPE: Xubuntu 16.04
• SDE: Eclipse
• Compiler: GNU GCC/G++
• Tool: Yocto/Cmake/make

Target

• HW-Arch: i386
• OS-TYPE: Linux
• Tool: QEMU
  

Example:
Use case:
Application development without machine or system context

• Quick definition of service interfaces
• IARXML as configuration file format
• Validation of configuration model consistency
• Frontend to call the C+ + code generators for.

Datatypes
Service-Interface headers
Proxy and skeleton code

Current development state

• Configuration of ServiceInterfaces
• SOME/IP deployment is not supported up to now
  

11. Adaptive Applications

Application

• Multi-threaded
• Execution states
• Manifest contains platform related
  information (recovery action,dependencies to services or libraries)
• Instance config contains application specific static information (variant, options, …

Interfaces

• ara::com for communication with adaptive services
  (basic services and user applications)

• PSE51 is the usable OS API subset

• The Adaptive AUTOSAR Foundation clusters (Execution Managemer+ Persistency, etc.) are available

• 参考：ADAPTIVE PLATFORM