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docker-compose整合mysql主从
本文是通过docker-compose在linux配置mysql一主二从高可用，也可以通过该下面的脚本直接创建。前提条件是系统中需要安装docker和docker-compose。配置配置信息
配置配置文件、数据和日志文件路径
配置master目录：
mkdir -p master/conf; mkdir -p master/data; mkdir -p master/log; mkdir -p master/mysql-files;- 1
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配置slave1目录：
mkdir -p slave1/conf; mkdir -p slave1/data; mkdir -p slave1/log; mkdir -p slave1/mysql-files;- 1
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配置slave2目录：
mkdir -p slave2/conf; mkdir -p slave2/data; mkdir -p slave2/log; mkdir -p slave2/mysql-files;- 1
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mkdir -p /conf.d/stream- 1
配置my.cnf
在master/conf/配置master的my.cnf：
[mysqld] ## 设置server_id，同一局域网中需要唯一 server_id=101 ## 指定不需要同步的数据库名称 binlog-ignore-db=mysql ## 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它数据库实例的Master时使用 log-bin=mall-mysql-master-bin ## 设置二进制日志使用内存大小（事务） binlog_cache_size=1M ## 设置使用的二进制日志格式（mixed,statement,row） binlog_format=mixed ## 二进制日志过期清理时间。默认值为0，表示不自动清理。 binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000 ## 跳过主从复制中遇到的所有错误或指定类型的错误，避免slave端复制中断。 ## 如：1062错误是指一些主键重复，1032错误是因为主从数据库数据不一致 replica_skip_errors=1062- 1
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在slave1/conf/配置slave1的my.cnf：
[mysqld] ## 设置server_id，同一局域网中需要唯一 server_id=102 ## 指定不需要同步的数据库名称 binlog-ignore-db=mysql ## 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它数据库实例的Master时使用 log-bin=mall-mysql-slave1-bin ## 设置二进制日志使用内存大小（事务） binlog_cache_size=1M ## 设置使用的二进制日志格式（mixed,statement,row） binlog_format=mixed ## 二进制日志过期清理时间。默认值为0，表示不自动清理。 binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000 ## 跳过主从复制中遇到的所有错误或指定类型的错误，避免slave端复制中断。 ## 如：1062错误是指一些主键重复，1032错误是因为主从数据库数据不一致 replica_skip_errors=1062 ## relay_log配置中继日志 relay_log=mall-mysql-relay-bin ## log_slave_updates表示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志 log_slave_updates=1 ## slave设置为只读（具有super权限的用户除外） read_only=1- 1
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在slave2/data/配置slave2的my.cnf：
[mysqld] ## 设置server_id，同一局域网中需要唯一 server_id=103 ## 指定不需要同步的数据库名称 binlog-ignore-db=mysql ## 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它数据库实例的Master时使用 log-bin=mall-mysql-slave2-bin ## 设置二进制日志使用内存大小（事务） binlog_cache_size=1M ## 设置使用的二进制日志格式（mixed,statement,row） binlog_format=mixed ## 二进制日志过期清理时间。默认值为0，表示不自动清理。 binlog_expire_logs_seconds=2592000 ## 跳过主从复制中遇到的所有错误或指定类型的错误，避免slave端复制中断。 ## 如：1062错误是指一些主键重复，1032错误是因为主从数据库数据不一致 replica_skip_errors=1062 ## relay_log配置中继日志 relay_log=mall-mysql-relay-bin ## log_slave_updates表示slave将复制事件写进自己的二进制日志 log_slave_updates=1 ## slave设置为只读（具有super权限的用户除外） read_only=1- 1
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配置nginx.conf
user nginx; worker_processes auto; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } # 添加stream模块，实现tcp反向代理 stream { include /opt/nginx/stream/conf.d/*.conf; #加载 /opt/nginx/stream/conf.d目录下面的所有配置文件 }- 1
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创建mysql-net网络
docker network create mysql-net- 1
配置docker-compose.yml
MASTER_HOST修改为当前主机对应的ip。
version: '3' services: mysql-slave-lb: restart: always image: nginx:alpine container_name: mysql-slave-lb ports: - 3307:3307 volumes: - ./conf.d/stream:/opt/nginx/stream/conf.d - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf networks: - alex_net depends_on: mysql-master: condition: service_healthy mysql-slave1: condition: service_healthy mysql-slave2: condition: service_healthy mysql-master: restart: always image: mysql:latest container_name: mysql-master environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456" MASTER_SYNC_USER: "sync_admin" #设置脚本中定义的用于同步的账号 MASTER_SYNC_PASSWORD: "123456" #设置脚本中定义的用于同步的密码 ADMIN_USER: "root" #当前容器用于拥有创建账号功能的数据库账号 ADMIN_PASSWORD: "123456" TZ: "Asia/Shanghai" #解决时区问题 ports: - 3336:3306 healthcheck: test: [ "CMD", "mysqladmin" ,"ping", "-h", "localhost" ] interval: 10s timeout: 10s retries: 5 start_period: 10s deploy: resources: limits: memory: 512M cpus: 50m networks: - alex_net volumes: - ./master/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw - ./master/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf:rw - ./master/log:/var/log/mysql:rw - ./master/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files:rw mysql-slave1: restart: always image: mysql:latest container_name: mysql-slave1 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456" SLAVE_SYNC_USER: "sync_admin" #用于同步的账号，由master创建 SLAVE_SYNC_PASSWORD: "123456" ADMIN_USER: "root" ADMIN_PASSWORD: "123456" MASTER_HOST: "mysql-master" #master地址，开启主从同步需要连接master TZ: "Asia/Shanghai" #设置时区 ports: - 3316:3306 healthcheck: test: [ "CMD", "mysqladmin" ,"ping", "-h", "localhost" ] interval: 10s timeout: 10s retries: 5 start_period: 10s deploy: resources: limits: memory: 512M cpus: 50m networks: - alex_net depends_on: mysql-master: condition: service_healthy volumes: - ./slave1/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw - ./slave1/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf:rw - ./slave1/log:/var/log/mysql:rw - ./slave1/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files:rw mysql-slave2: restart: always image: mysql:latest container_name: mysql-slave2 environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "123456" SLAVE_SYNC_USER: "sync_admin" SLAVE_SYNC_PASSWORD: "123456" ADMIN_USER: "root" ADMIN_PASSWORD: "123456" MASTER_HOST: "mysql-master" TZ: "Asia/Shanghai" ports: - 3326:3306 healthcheck: test: [ "CMD", "mysqladmin" ,"ping", "-h", "localhost" ] interval: 10s timeout: 10s retries: 5 start_period: 10s deploy: resources: limits: memory: 512M cpus: 50m networks: - alex_net depends_on: mysql-master: condition: service_healthy volumes: - ./slave2/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw - ./slave2/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf:rw - ./slave2/log:/var/log/mysql:rw - ./slave2/mysql-files:/var/lib/mysql-files:rw networks: alex_net: external: true- 1
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最后的效果图
tree- 1
最后配置的目录如下。
. ├── conf.d │ └── stream ├── docker-compose.yml ├── master │ ├── conf │ │ └── my.cnf │ ├── data │ ├── log │ └── mysql-files ├── nginx.conf ├── slave1 │ ├── conf │ │ └── my.cnf │ ├── data │ ├── log │ └── mysql-files └── slave2 ├── conf │ └── my.cnf ├── data ├── log └── mysql-files- 1
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启动docker-compose
docker-compose up -d- 1
配置mysql主从
master中添加slave1、slave2用户
运行如下代码，然后之前设置的密码：123456，进入mysql master。
docker exec -it mysql-master mysql -u root -p- 1
执行如下代码添加slave1、slave2用户。
#在主机MySQL里执行授权命令 CREATE USER 'slave1'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave1'@'%'; #此语句必须执行。否则见下面。 ALTER USER 'slave1'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';- 1
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#在主机MySQL里执行授权命令 CREATE USER 'slave2'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave2'@'%'; #此语句必须执行。否则见下面。 ALTER USER 'slave2'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456'; flush privileges;- 1
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#查询master的状态,记住file和position对应的信息，为后来添加从到主做准备。 show master status;- 1
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+------------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ | mall-mysql-master-bin.000003 | 40130 | | mysql | | +------------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)- 1
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slave1中配置主从
运行如下代码，然后之前设置的密码：123456，进入mysql master。
docker exec -it mysql-slave1 mysql -u root -p- 1
$host替换为配置master的ip，master_log_file就是之前master对应的file信息，master_log_pos就是之前position对应的信息。
change master to master_host='mysql-master', master_user='slave1', master_password='123456', master_port=3306, master_log_file='mall-mysql-master-bin.000003', master_log_pos=1965, master_connect_retry=30;- 1
启动slave。
start slave;- 1
查看slave信息，如果Slave_IO_Running、Slave_SQL_Running两个信息是yes代表搭建从库成功。
show slave status \G;- 1
*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event Master_Host: mysql-master Master_User: slave1 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 30 Master_Log_File: mall-mysql-master-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 40130 Relay_Log_File: bc55a10d23de-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 38503 Relay_Master_Log_File: mall-mysql-master-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 40130 Relay_Log_Space: 38720 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 101 Master_UUID: 0d212aaf-665e-11ed-968d-0242ac120003 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 0 Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified- 1
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slave2中配置主从
运行如下代码，然后之前设置的密码：123456，进入mysql master。
docker exec -it mysql-slave2 mysql -u root -p- 1
$host替换为配置master的ip，master_log_file就是之前master对应的file信息，master_log_pos就是之前position对应的信息。
change master to master_host='mysql-master', master_user='slave2', master_password='123456', master_port=3306, master_log_file='mall-mysql-master-bin.000003', master_log_pos=1965, master_connect_retry=30;- 1
启动slave。
start slave;- 1
查看slave信息，如果Slave_IO_Running、Slave_SQL_Running两个信息是yes代表搭建从库成功。
show slave status \G;- 1
*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for source to send event Master_Host: mysql-master Master_User: slave2 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 30 Master_Log_File: mall-mysql-master-bin.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 40130 Relay_Log_File: bc55a10d23de-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 38503 Relay_Master_Log_File: mall-mysql-master-bin.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 40130 Relay_Log_Space: 38720 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 101 Master_UUID: 0d212aaf-665e-11ed-968d-0242ac120003 Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Replica has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 0 Network_Namespace: 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) ERROR: No query specified- 1
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通过脚本直接创建mysql主从
#!/bin/bash pd=123456 echo "删除原来的文件" rm -rf master/data/* rm -rf slave1/data/* rm -rf slave2/data/* echo "删除之前的mysql容器" docker rm -f mysql-master docker rm -f mysql-slave1 docker rm -f mysql-slave2 docker rm -f mysql-slave-lb docker-compose up -d echo "master添加用户" docker exec -it mysql-master mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e \ "CREATE USER 'slave1'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '$pd'; \ GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave1'@'%'; \ ALTER USER 'slave1'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '$pd'; " docker exec -it mysql-master mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e \ "CREATE USER 'slave2'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '$pd'; \ GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'slave2'@'%'; \ ALTER USER 'slave2'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '$pd'; " echo "获取master position" master_status=`docker exec -it mysql-master mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "show master status\G"` echo "master_status: $master_status" master_log_file=`echo "$master_status" | awk 'NR==3{print substr($2,1,length($2)-1)}'` master_log_pos=`echo "$master_status" | awk 'NR==4{print $2}'` master_log_file="'""$master_log_file""'" echo "配置slave1" docker exec -it mysql-slave1 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e \ "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql-master',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='slave1',MASTER_PASSWORD='$pd',MASTER_LOG_FILE=$master_log_file,MASTER_LOG_POS=$master_log_pos;" docker exec -it mysql-slave1 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "start slave;" docker exec -it mysql-slave1 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G;" echo "配置slave2" ## Setting Up Replication Slaves docker exec -it mysql-slave2 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e \ "CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='mysql-master',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='slave2',MASTER_PASSWORD='$pd',MASTER_LOG_FILE=$master_log_file,MASTER_LOG_POS=$master_log_pos;" docker exec -it mysql-slave2 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "start slave;" docker exec -it mysql-slave2 mysql -uroot -p$pd -S /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -e "show slave status\G;"- 1
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mysql定时备份
因为我这面的数据库由于之前没有重视安全性，被黑客黑了，数据都丢失了。所以在这里添加数据库数据定时配置，备份数据。在当前目录创建mysql.sh文件，然后添加如下信息$ip修改为mysql数据库对应的ip地址、端口号。
#!/bin/bash #备份路径 BACKUP=/usr/local/soft/mysql/backup #当前时间 DATETIME=$(date +%Y-%m-%d) echo "===备份开始===" #数据库名称 finance=alex_finance user=alex_user nacos=nacos miaosha=alex_miaosha oss=alex_oss #数据库地址 HOST=$ip PORT=3306 #数据库用户名 DB_USER=root #数据库密码 DB_PW=123456 #创建备份目录 [ ! -d "${BACKUP}" ] && mkdir -p "${BACKUP}" echo "开始备份 ${finance}" docker exec -i mysql-master sh -c "exec mysqldump -uroot -p$DB_PW -q -R --databases ${finance}" > $BACKUP/${finance}_`date +%F`.sql echo "结束备份 ${finance}" echo "开始备份 ${user}" docker exec -i mysql-master sh -c "exec mysqldump -uroot -p$DB_PW --databases ${user}" > $BACKUP/${user}_`date +%F`.sql echo "结束备份 ${user}" echo "开始备份${nacos}" docker exec -i mysql-master sh -c "exec mysqldump -uroot -p$DB_PW --databases ${nacos}" > $BACKUP/${nacos}_`date +%F`.sql echo "结束备份${nacos}" echo "开始备份${miaosha}" docker exec -i mysql-master sh -c "exec mysqldump -uroot -p$DB_PW --databases ${miaosha}" > $BACKUP/${miaosha}_`date +%F`.sql echo "结束备份${miaosha}" echo "开始备份${oss}" docker exec -i mysql-master sh -c "exec mysqldump -uroot -p$DB_PW --databases ${oss}" > $BACKUP/${oss}_`date +%F`.sql echo "结束备份${oss}" #删除十天前的备份文件 find $BACKUP -mtime +9 -name "*.sql" -exec rm -rf {} \; echo "===导出成功==="- 1
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执行如下代码，添加备份定时。
crontab -e- 1
设置每天01:01执行定时。
01 01 * * * /usr/local/soft/mysql/mysql.sh- 1
$root修改为mysql对应的root， $password修改为mysql对应的数据库密码。然后执行如下命令补数据。
docker exec -i mysql-master mysql -u$root -p$password < /usr/local/soft/mysql/backup/alex_finance_2022-12-30.sql- 1
总结
至此，通过docker-compose搭建mysql一主二从完成。
Q&A
当执行开始slave，报如下错误时，运行重新创建slave即可。
mysql> start slave; ERROR 1872 (HY000): Slave failed to initialize relay log info structure from the repository- 1
- 2
重新设置slave
reset slave; start slave;- 1
- 2
-
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- 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40181007/article/details/127909965
