• python--谷歌恐龙快跑小项目

    项目名称：python恐龙块跑

    编程语言：python

    用到知识：pygame模块，面向对象思想

    实现功能：

    背景的移动，恐龙的奔跑与跳跃（跳跃时伴有表情动画的变化）， 奔跑时有障碍物（仙人掌和飞鸟），碰到就死亡结束游戏，恐龙的速度会随分数的增加逐渐加快，难度增加，游戏中的背景音乐和跳跃发出的音效绝对哇塞，更对细节等你来玩！

    项目分析：4个类文件，代码共计300行

    主函数：

    import sys
    import math
    import time
    import random
    import pygame
    from pygame.locals import *
    from Scene import Scene
    from Obstacle import Plant, Ptera
    from Dinosaur import Dinosaur

    # 定义背景填充色，画布宽和高
    BACKGROUND = (250, 250, 250)
    WIDTH = 800
    HEIGHT = 400

    #定义游戏结束界面是的样式，即对两张图片的位置显示
    def show_gameover(screen):
        screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
        gameover_img = pygame.image.load('./images/others/gameover.png').convert_alpha()
        gameover_rect = gameover_img.get_rect()
        gameover_rect.left, gameover_rect.top = WIDTH//3, int(HEIGHT/2.4)
        screen.blit(gameover_img, gameover_rect)
        restart_img = pygame.image.load('./images/others/restart.png').convert_alpha()
        restart_rect = restart_img.get_rect()
        restart_rect.left, restart_rect.top = int(WIDTH/2.25), int(HEIGHT/2)
        screen.blit(restart_img, restart_rect)
        pygame.display.update()
        # 鼠标精准点击重新开始图标以执行重新开始游戏功能
        while True:
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == QUIT:
                    sys.exit()
                    pygame.quit()
                if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                    mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
                    if mouse_pos[0] < restart_rect.right and mouse_pos[0] > restart_rect.left and\
                        mouse_pos[1] < restart_rect.bottom and mouse_pos[1] > restart_rect.top:
                        return True

    #将Score转为生成障碍物的概率，e的-score次幂
    def sigmoid(score):
        probability = 1 / (1 + math.exp(-score))
        return min(probability, 0.6)

    #主函数
    def main():
        # 初始化
        pygame.init()
        screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
        pygame.display.set_caption("dragon running")
        clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        # 得分
        score = 0
        # 加载一些素材
        jump_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("./music/jump.wav")
        jump_sound.set_volume(6)
        die_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("./music/die.wav")
        die_sound.set_volume(6)
        pygame.mixer.init()
        pygame.mixer.music.load("./music/bg_music.mp3")
        pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.6)
        pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
        font = pygame.font.Font('./font/font1.ttf', 20)
        # 实例化
        dinosaur = Dinosaur(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
        scene = Scene(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
        plants = pygame.sprite.Group()
        pteras = pygame.sprite.Group()
        # 产生障碍物事件
        # 设置的定时器常量第一个用pygame.USEREVENT第二个用pygame.USEREVENT＋1
        GenPlantEvent = pygame.constants.USEREVENT + 0
        pygame.time.set_timer(GenPlantEvent, 1500)
        GenPteraEvent = pygame.constants.USEREVENT + 1
        pygame.time.set_timer(GenPteraEvent, 5000)
        # 游戏是否结束了
        running = True
        # 是否可以产生障碍物flag
        flag_plant = False
        flag_ptera = False
        t0 = time.time()
        # 主循环
        while running:
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == QUIT:
                    sys.exit()
                    pygame.quit()
                if event.type == GenPlantEvent:
                    flag_plant = True
                if event.type == GenPteraEvent:
                    if score > 10:
                        flag_ptera = True
            key_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
            if key_pressed[pygame.K_SPACE]:
                dinosaur.is_jumping = True
                jump_sound.play()
            screen.fill(BACKGROUND)
            time_passed = time.time() - t0
            t0 = time.time()
            # 场景
            scene.move()
            scene.draw(screen)
            # 小恐龙
            dinosaur.is_running = True
            if dinosaur.is_jumping:
                dinosaur.be_afraid()
                dinosaur.jump(time_passed)
            dinosaur.draw(screen)
            # 障碍物-植物
            if random.random() < sigmoid(score) and flag_plant:
                plant = Plant(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
                plants.add(plant)
                flag_plant = False
            for plant in plants:
                plant.move()
                if dinosaur.rect.left > plant.rect.right and not plant.added_score:
                    score += 1
                    plant.added_score = True
                if plant.rect.right < 0:
                    plants.remove(plant)
                    continue
                plant.draw(screen)
            # 障碍物-飞龙
            if random.random() < sigmoid(score) and flag_ptera:
                if len(pteras) > 1:
                    continue
                ptera = Ptera(WIDTH, HEIGHT)
                pteras.add(ptera)
                flag_ptera = False
            for ptera in pteras:
                ptera.move()
                if dinosaur.rect.left > ptera.rect.right and not ptera.added_score:
                    score += 5
                    ptera.added_score = True
                if ptera.rect.right < 0:
                    pteras.remove(ptera)
                    continue
                ptera.draw(screen)
            # 碰撞检测
            if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(dinosaur, plants, False) or pygame.sprite.spritecollide(dinosaur, pteras, False):
                die_sound.play()
                running = False
            # 显示得分
            score_text = font.render("熊百涛的Score: "+str(score), 1, (0, 0, 0))
            screen.blit(score_text, [10, 10])
            pygame.display.flip()
            clock.tick(60)
        res = show_gameover(screen)
        return res


    #run
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        res = True
        while res:
            res = main()

    恐龙类：

    1.  
    2. import pygame
    3.  
    4.  
    5. '''恐龙类'''
    6. class Dinosaur(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    7. 	def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):
    8. 		pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
    9. 		self.HEIGHT = HEIGHT
    10. 		self.WIDTH = WIDTH
    11. 		# self.imgs = ['./images/dinosaur/wait.png', './images/dinosaur/afraid.png', './images/dinosaur/running.png', './images/dinosaur/flying.png']
    12. 		self.imgs = ['./images/dinosaur/dino.png', './images/dinosaur/dino_ducking.png']
    13. 		self.reset()
    14. 	'''跳跃'''
    15. 	def jump(self, time_passed):
    16. 		# time_passed很小时，可近似为匀速运动
    17. 		if self.is_jumping_up:
    18. 			self.rect.top -= self.jump_v * time_passed
    19. 			self.jump_v = max(0, self.jump_v - self.jump_a_up * time_passed)
    20. 			if self.jump_v == 0:
    21. 				self.is_jumping_up = False
    22. 		else:
    23. 			self.rect.top = min(self.initial_top, self.rect.top + self.jump_v * time_passed)
    24. 			self.jump_v += self.jump_a_down * time_passed
    25. 			if self.rect.top == self.initial_top:
    26. 				self.is_jumping = False
    27. 				self.is_jumping_up = True
    28. 				self.jump_v = self.jump_v0
    29. 	'''跳跃时变为感到恐惧的表情'''
    30. 	def be_afraid(self):
    31. 		self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((352, 0), (88, 95))
    32. 	'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''
    33. 	def draw(self, screen):
    34. 		if self.is_running and not self.is_jumping:
    35. 			self.running_count += 1
    36. 			if self.running_count == 6:
    37. 				self.running_count = 0
    38. 				self.running_flag = not self.running_flag
    39. 			if self.running_flag:
    40. 				self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((176, 0), (88, 95))
    41. 			else:
    42. 				self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((264, 0), (88, 95))
    43. 		screen.blit(self.dinosaur, self.rect)
    44. 	'''重置'''
    45. 	def reset(self):
    46. 		# 恐龙是否在奔跑
    47. 		self.is_running = False
    48. 		# 为了奔跑特效
    49. 		self.running_flag = False
    50. 		self.running_count = 0
    51. 		# 恐龙是否在跳跃
    52. 		self.is_jumping = False
    53. 		# 恐龙是否在向上跳跃
    54. 		self.is_jumping_up = True
    55. 		# 跳跃初始速度
    56. 		self.jump_v0 = 500
    57. 		# 跳跃瞬时速度
    58. 		self.jump_v = self.jump_v0
    59. 		# 跳跃加速度
    60. 		self.jump_a_up = 1000
    61. 		self.jump_a_down = 800
    62. 		# 小恐龙初始位置
    63. 		self.initial_left = 40
    64. 		self.initial_top = int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    65. 		self.dinosaurs = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()
    66. 		self.dinosaur = self.dinosaurs.subsurface((0, 0), (88, 95))
    67. 		self.rect = self.dinosaur.get_rect()
    68. 		self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.initial_left, self.initial_top

    背景画布：

    1. import pygame
    2. import random
    3.  
    4. '''场景类'''
    5. class Scene(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    6. 	def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):
    7. 		pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
    8. 		self.WIDTH = WIDTH
    9. 		self.HEIGHT = HEIGHT
    10. 		self.speed = 5
    11. 		self.imgs = ['./images/bg/bg1.png', './images/bg/bg2.png', './images/bg/bg3.png']
    12. 		self.reset()
    13. 	'''不停向左移动'''
    14. 	def move(self):
    15. 		self.x = self.x - self.speed
    16. 	'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''
    17. 	def draw(self, screen):
    18. 		if self.bg1_rect.right < 0:
    19. 			self.x = 0
    20. 			self.bg1 = self.bg2
    21. 			self.bg1_rect = self.bg2_rect
    22. 			self.bg2 = self.bg3
    23. 			self.bg2_rect = self.bg3_rect
    24. 			self.bg3 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[random.randint(0, 2)]).convert_alpha()
    25. 			self.bg3_rect = self.bg3.get_rect()
    26. 		self.bg1_rect.left, self.bg1_rect.top = self.x, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    27. 		self.bg2_rect.left, self.bg2_rect.top = self.bg1_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    28. 		self.bg3_rect.left, self.bg3_rect.top = self.bg2_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    29. 		screen.blit(self.bg1, self.bg1_rect)
    30. 		screen.blit(self.bg2, self.bg2_rect)
    31. 		screen.blit(self.bg3, self.bg3_rect)
    32. 	'''重置'''
    33. 	def reset(self):
    34. 		self.x = 0
    35. 		self.bg1 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()
    36. 		self.bg2 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[1]).convert_alpha()
    37. 		self.bg3 = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[2]).convert_alpha()
    38. 		self.bg1_rect = self.bg1.get_rect()
    39. 		self.bg2_rect = self.bg2.get_rect()
    40. 		self.bg3_rect = self.bg3.get_rect()
    41. 		self.bg1_rect.left, self.bg1_rect.top = self.x, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    42. 		self.bg2_rect.left, self.bg2_rect.top = self.bg1_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)
    43. 		self.bg3_rect.left, self.bg3_rect.top = self.bg2_rect.right, int(self.HEIGHT/2.3)

    障碍物类：

    1.  
    2. import random
    3. import pygame
    4.  
    5.  
    6. '''植物'''
    7. class Plant(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    8. 	def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):
    9. 		pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
    10. 		self.WIDTH = WIDTH
    11. 		self.HEIGHT = HEIGHT
    12. 		# 统计分数时用的
    13. 		self.added_score = False
    14. 		self.speed = 5
    15. 		# self.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/plant1.png', './images/obstacles/plant2.png', './images/obstacles/plant3.png', './images/obstacles/plant4.png']
    16. 		self.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/plant_big.png', './images/obstacles/plant_small.png']
    17. 		self.generate_random()
    18. 	'''随机生成障碍物'''
    19. 	def generate_random(self):
    20. 		idx = random.randint(0, 1)
    21. 		temp = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[idx]).convert_alpha()
    22. 		if idx == 0:
    23. 			self.plant = temp.subsurface((101*random.randint(0, 2), 0), (101, 101))
    24. 		else:
    25. 			self.plant = temp.subsurface((68*random.randint(0, 2), 0), (68, 70))
    26. 		self.rect = self.plant.get_rect()
    27. 		self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.WIDTH+60, int(self.HEIGHT/2)
    28. 	'''不停往左移动'''
    29. 	def move(self):
    30. 		self.rect.left = self.rect.left-self.speed
    31. 	'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''
    32. 	def draw(self, screen):
    33. 		screen.blit(self.plant, self.rect)
    34.  
    35.  
    36. '''飞龙'''
    37. class Ptera(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    38. 	def __init__(self, WIDTH=640, HEIGHT=500):
    39. 		pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
    40. 		self.WIDTH = WIDTH
    41. 		self.HEIGHT = HEIGHT
    42. 		# 统计分数时用的
    43. 		self.added_score = False
    44. 		self.imgs = ['./images/obstacles/ptera.png']
    45. 		# 为了飞行特效
    46. 		self.flying_count = 0
    47. 		self.flying_flag = True
    48. 		# 统计分数时用的
    49. 		self.speed = 7
    50. 		self.generate()
    51. 	'''生成飞龙'''
    52. 	def generate(self):
    53. 		self.ptera = pygame.image.load(self.imgs[0]).convert_alpha()
    54. 		self.ptera_0 = self.ptera.subsurface((0, 0), (92, 81))
    55. 		self.ptera_1 = self.ptera.subsurface((92, 0), (92, 81))
    56. 		self.rect = self.ptera_0.get_rect()
    57. 		self.rect.left, self.rect.top = self.WIDTH+30, int(self.HEIGHT/20)
    58. 	'''不停往左移动'''
    59. 	def move(self):
    60. 		self.rect.left = self.rect.left-self.speed
    61. 	'''把自己画到屏幕上去'''
    62. 	def draw(self, screen):
    63. 		self.flying_count += 1
    64. 		if self.flying_count % 6 == 0:
    65. 			self.flying_flag = not self.flying_flag
    66. 		if self.flying_flag:
    67. 			screen.blit(self.ptera_0, self.rect)
    68. 		else:
    69. 			screen.blit(self.ptera_1, self.rect)

    截图如下：

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/Abtxr/article/details/127872056