配置与管理Samba服务器实例

服务器配置

检测系统是否安装了 Samba相关性软件包

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep samba

samba-common-4.8.3-4.el7.noarch

samba-client-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-common-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-client-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

Failed说明没开启，139也可以

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -antup | grep 445 

同样说明也没有开启

[root@localhost ~]#  systemctl start smb

Failed to start smb.service: Unit not found.

创建一个用来挂载映像文件的目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p  /opt/centos

把映像文件挂载到/opt/centos目录

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom  /opt/centos

mount: /dev/sr0 写保护，将以只读方式挂载

清屏

[root@localhost ~]# clear

转到/etc/yum.repos.d/目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

查看信息

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls

CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo

CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo

移动etc/yum.repos.d的所有到/home/目录

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*  /home/

进入local.repo进行编辑

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim local.repo

# /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
# yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c6-media [command] 

[centos]
name=dvd
baseurl=file:///opt/centos      //特别注意本地源文件的表示，3个“/”
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

安装前先清除缓存

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

正在清理软件源： centos

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cd

列出已启用的存储库

[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

Determining fastest mirrors

centos                                                   | 3.6 kB     00:00     

(1/2): centos/group_gz                                     | 166 kB   00:00     

(2/2): centos/primary_db                                   | 3.1 MB   00:00     

源标识                               源名称                                状态

centos                               centos                                4,021

repolist: 4,021

使用yum 命令安装 samba服务

[root@localhost ~]# yum install samba -y

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

正在解决依赖关系

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 samba.x86_64.0.4.8.3-4.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 samba-libs = 4.8.3-4.el7，它被软件包 samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 samba-common-tools = 4.8.3-4.el7，它被软件包 samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libxattr-tdb-samba4.so(SAMBA_4.8.3)(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libxattr-tdb-samba4.so()(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 samba-common-tools.x86_64.0.4.8.3-4.el7 将被 安装

---> 软件包 samba-libs.x86_64.0.4.8.3-4.el7 将被 安装

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libpytalloc-util.so.2(PYTALLOC_UTIL_2.1.9)(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libpytalloc-util.so.2(PYTALLOC_UTIL_2.1.6)(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libpytalloc-util.so.2(PYTALLOC_UTIL_2.0.6)(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在处理依赖关系 libpytalloc-util.so.2()(64bit)，它被软件包 samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 需要

--> 正在检查事务

---> 软件包 pytalloc.x86_64.0.2.1.13-1.el7 将被 安装

--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

================================================================================

 Package                  架构         版本                  源            大小

================================================================================

正在安装:

 samba                    x86_64       4.8.3-4.el7           centos       680 k

为依赖而安装:

 pytalloc                 x86_64       2.1.13-1.el7          centos        17 k

 samba-common-tools       x86_64       4.8.3-4.el7           centos       448 k

 samba-libs               x86_64       4.8.3-4.el7           centos       276 k

事务概要

================================================================================

安装  1 软件包 (+3 依赖软件包)

总下载量：1.4 M

安装大小：3.7 M

Downloading packages:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

总计                                               4.9 MB/s | 1.4 MB  00:00     

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

  正在安装    : pytalloc-2.1.13-1.el7.x86_64                                1/4

  正在安装    : samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                               2/4

  正在安装    : samba-common-tools-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                       3/4

  正在安装    : samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                                    4/4

  验证中      : pytalloc-2.1.13-1.el7.x86_64                                1/4

  验证中      : samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                                    2/4

  验证中      : samba-common-tools-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                       3/4

  验证中      : samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64                               4/4

已安装:

  samba.x86_64 0:4.8.3-4.el7                                                    

作为依赖被安装:

  pytalloc.x86_64 0:2.1.13-1.el7     samba-common-tools.x86_64 0:4.8.3-4.el7   

  samba-libs.x86_64 0:4.8.3-4.el7   

完毕！

ping一下baidu.com看网络是否连通

[root@localhost ~]# ping baidu.com

PING baidu.com (39.156.66.10) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=44.8 ms

64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=42.1 ms

64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=42.7 ms

64 bytes from 39.156.66.10 (39.156.66.10): icmp_seq=4 ttl=128 time=43.2 ms

^Z

1. +  已停止               ping baidu.com

可以再这样试一下，检查是否安装好

[root@localhost ~]# yum install samba -y

已加载插件：fastestmirror, langpacks

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

软件包 samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64 已安装并且是最新版本

无须任何处理

所有软件包安装完毕，可以使用rpm命令再一次进行查询

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep samba

samba-common-4.8.3-4.el7.noarch

samba-client-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-common-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-common-tools-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-client-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

samba-libs-4.8.3-4.el7.x86_64

启动与停止samba服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start smb

[root@localhost ~]# netstat -antup|grep smb

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:139             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9704/smbd           

tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:445             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      9704/smbd           

tcp6       0      0 :::139                  :::*                    LISTEN      9704/smbd           

tcp6       0      0 :::445                  :::*                    LISTEN      9704/smbd           

查看网络

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig

ens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.44.141  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.44.255

        inet6 fe80::6a6d:4556:ea75:3594  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20

        ether 00:0c:29:d8:fb:d3  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 87  bytes 12566 (12.2 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 126  bytes 13942 (13.6 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens36: flags=4163  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.176.134  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.176.255

        inet6 fe80::9f1e:ab6b:c49:cd7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20

        ether 00:0c:29:d8:fb:dd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 11  bytes 1409 (1.3 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 172  bytes 17249 (16.8 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536

        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0

        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10

        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)

        RX packets 64  bytes 5568 (5.4 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 64  bytes 5568 (5.4 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255

        ether 52:54:00:4b:80:f6  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nmb

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable nmb smb

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nmb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nmb.service.

让命令临时生效

[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0

关闭防火墙

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

重新启动

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb nmb

进入 /etc/samba/smb.conf  目录

进入vim /etc/samba/smb.conf内修改

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

重启samba

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb nmb

创建用户s1并设置密码

[root@localhost ~]# useradd s1

[root@localhost ~]# passwd s1

更改用户 s1 的密码 。

新的 密码：

无效的密码： 密码是一个回文

重新输入新的 密码：

passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。

重新设置s1密码

[root@localhost ~]# smbpasswd -a s1

New SMB password:                                                                     

Retype new SMB password:                                                               

Mismatch - password unchanged.                                                          

Unable to get new password.

创建share目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /share

转到share目录

[root@localhost ~]# cd /share

创建文件abc.txt并查看

[root@localhost share]# touch abc.txt

[root@localhost share]# ll abc.txt

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 11月  9 15:34 abc.txt

[root@localhost share]# ll -d /share

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21 11月  9 15:34 /share

[root@localhost share]# cd

查看网络配置

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig

ens33: flags=4163  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.44.141  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.44.255

        inet6 fe80::6a6d:4556:ea75:3594  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20

        ether 00:0c:29:d8:fb:d3  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 204  bytes 33721 (32.9 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 377  bytes 50878 (49.6 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens36: flags=4163  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.176.134  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.176.255

        inet6 fe80::9f1e:ab6b:c49:cd7  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20

        ether 00:0c:29:d8:fb:dd  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 11  bytes 1409 (1.3 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 317  bytes 38525 (37.6 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73  mtu 65536

        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0

        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10

        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)

        RX packets 64  bytes 5568 (5.4 KiB)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 64  bytes 5568 (5.4 KiB)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099  mtu 1500

        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255

        ether 52:54:00:4b:80:f6  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)

        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0

        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)

        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb nmb

编辑/etc/samba/smb.conf

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

[share]

comment =my share

 path=/share

 public=no

 read only=yes

 valid users=s1

[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /share/

drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 21 11月  9 15:34 /share/

修改文件和目录的所有者和所属组

[root@localhost ~]# chown s1:root /share

[root@localhost ~]# ll -d /share/

drwxr-xr-x. 2 s1 root 21 11月  9 15:34 /share/

重启Samba服务

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart smb

查看历史命令

[root@localhost ~]# history

    1  ifconfig

    2  ifconfig

    3  nmtui

    4  ifconfig

    5  rpm -qa|grep samba

    6  netstat -antup|grep 445

    7   systemctl start smb

    8  mkdir -p /opt/centos

    9  mount /dev/cdrom  /opt/centos

   10  clear

   11  cd /etc/yum.repos.d/

   12  ls

   13  mv /etc/yum.repos.d/* /home/

   14  vim local.repo

   15  yum clean all

   16  cd

   17  yum repolist

   18  yum install samba -y

   19  ping baidu.com

   20  yum install samba -y

   21  rpm -qa | grep samba

   22  systemctl start smb

   23  netstat -antup|grep smb

   24  ifconfig

   25  systemctl start nmb

   26  systemctl enable nmb smb

   27  setenforce 0

   28  systemctl stop firewalld

   29  systemctl restart smb nmb

   30  vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

   31  systemctl restart smb nmb

   32  useradd s1

   33  passwd s1

   34  smbpasswd -a s1

   35  mkdir /share

   36  cd /share

   37  touch abc.txt

   38  ll abc.txt

   39  ll -d /share

   40  cd

   41  ifconfig

   42  smbpasswd -a s1

   43  systemctl restart smb nmb

   44  vim /etc/samba/smb.conf

   45  ll -d /share/

   46  chown s1:root /share

   47  ll -d /share/

   48  systemctl restart smb

   49  history

[root@localhost ~]#

客户机配置

[root@localhost ~]# history

创建目录

1  mkdir  /opt/centos

挂载

2  mount  /dev/cdrom  /opt/centos

转到/etc/yum.repos.d/

3  cd  /etc/yum.repos.d/

查看

4  ls

移动

    5  mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*  /home/

6  cd

编辑local.repo

7  vim local.repo

[centos]
name=dvd
baseurl=file:///opt/centos      //特别注意本地源文件的表示，3个“/”
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1

安装samba客户端

8  yum install samba-client -y

挂载Windows共享目录

9  yum install cifs-utils -y

访问服务器

10  smbclient -L 192.168.176.134  -U  s1%123456

退出访问

11  exit

    查看历史命令

12  history

[root@localhost ~]#

Windows客户机

Win+R

如此Samba服务器就搭建好了

注：此实验在VM上测试的服务器配置了两个网卡，一个为NAT模式，一个为主机模式

Linux客户机配置了一个网卡，模式为主机模式

Windows客户机为外部主机

注意：可以在打开机器之前安装上