Nio流程总览
//1 netty 中使用 NioEventLoopGroup (简称 nio boss 线程)来封装线程和 selector
Selector selector = Selector.open();
//2 创建 NioServerSocketChannel,同时会初始化它关联的 handler,以及为原生 ssc 存储 config
NioServerSocketChannel attachment = new NioServerSocketChannel();
//3 创建 NioServerSocketChannel 时,创建了 java 原生的 ServerSocketChannel
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
//4 启动 nio boss 线程执行接下来的操作
//5 注册(仅关联 selector 和 NioServerSocketChannel),未关注事件
SelectionKey selectionKey = serverSocketChannel.register(selector, 0, attachment);
//6 head -> 初始化器 -> ServerBootstrapAcceptor -> tail,初始化器是一次性的,只为添加 acceptor
//7 绑定端口
serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
//8 触发 channel active 事件,在 head 中关注 op_accept 事件
selectionKey.interestOps(SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
启动跟源码
服务器入口 io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap#bind
关键代码 io.netty.bootstrap.AbstractBootstrap#doBind
private ChannelFuture doBind(final SocketAddress localAddress) {
//1.执行 初始化
//2.异步执行 注册
final ChannelFuture regFuture = initAndRegister();
final Channel channel = regFuture.channel();
if (regFuture.cause() != null) {
return regFuture;
}
//已经完成:
if (regFuture.isDone()) {
ChannelPromise promise = channel.newPromise();
//3.立刻调用 doBind0
doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);
return promise;
}
//没有完成:添加回调函数
else {
final PendingRegistrationPromise promise = new PendingRegistrationPromise(channel);
regFuture.addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
@Override
public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
Throwable cause = future.cause();
if (cause != null) {
promise.setFailure(cause);//处理异常...
} else {
promise.registered();
//3.由注册线程去执行 doBind0:绑定端口号、触发 active 事件、注册accept事件
doBind0(regFuture, channel, localAddress, promise);
}
}
});
return promise;
}
}
关键代码 io.netty.bootstrap.AbstractBootstrap#initAndRegister
//1.执行 初始化
//2.异步执行 注册
final ChannelFuture initAndRegister() {
Channel channel = null;
try {
//1 初始化
//1.1 创建 NioServerSocketChannel
channel = channelFactory.newChannel();
//1.2 给 NioServerSocketChannel 添加一个初始化器 ChannelInitializer
init(channel);
} catch (Throwable t) { // 处理异常...
return new DefaultChannelPromise(new FailedChannel(), GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE).setFailure(t);
}
//2 注册:将原生 channel 注册到 selector 上
ChannelFuture regFuture = config().group().register(channel);
if (regFuture.cause() != null) { // 处理异常...
}
return regFuture;
}
关键代码 io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap#init
//1.2 给 NioServerSocketChannel 添加一个初始化器 ChannelInitializer
void init(Channel channel) throws Exception {
final Map<ChannelOption<?>, Object> options = options0();
synchronized (options) {
setChannelOptions(channel, options, logger);
}
final Map<AttributeKey<?>, Object> attrs = attrs0();
synchronized (attrs) {
for (Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object> e: attrs.entrySet()) {
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
AttributeKey<Object> key = (AttributeKey<Object>) e.getKey();
channel.attr(key).set(e.getValue());
}
}
ChannelPipeline p = channel.pipeline();
final EventLoopGroup currentChildGroup = childGroup;
final ChannelHandler currentChildHandler = childHandler;
final Entry<ChannelOption<?>, Object>[] currentChildOptions;
final Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object>[] currentChildAttrs;
synchronized (childOptions) {
currentChildOptions = childOptions.entrySet().toArray(newOptionArray(0));
}
synchronized (childAttrs) {
currentChildAttrs = childAttrs.entrySet().toArray(newAttrArray(0));
}
//1.2 为 NioServerSocketChannel 添加初始化器:初始化器什么时候执行?
p.addLast(new ChannelInitializer<Channel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(final Channel ch) throws Exception {
final ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
ChannelHandler handler = config.handler();
if (handler != null) {
pipeline.addLast(handler);
}
//1.2.1 初始化器的职责:将 ServerBootstrapAcceptor 加入至 NioServerSocketChannel
ch.eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
pipeline.addLast(new ServerBootstrapAcceptor(
ch, currentChildGroup, currentChildHandler, currentChildOptions, currentChildAttrs));
}
});
}
});
}
关键代码 io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.AbstractUnsafe#register
:
//2 注册:切换线程,并将原生 channel 注册到 selector 上
public final void register(EventLoop eventLoop, final ChannelPromise promise) {
// 一些检查...
AbstractChannel.this.eventLoop = eventLoop;
if (eventLoop.inEventLoop()) { //是否是EventLoop线程
register0(promise);
} else {
try {
//2.1 切换线程
// 首次执行 execute 方法时:才启动 nio 线程,之后注册等操作在 nio 线程上执行
// 因为只有一个 NioServerSocketChannel 因此,也只会有一个 boss nio 线程
eventLoop.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//2.2 将原生 channel 注册到 selector 上
register0(promise);
}
});
} catch (Throwable t) {
// 日志记录...
closeForcibly();
closeFuture.setClosed();
safeSetFailure(promise, t);
}
}
}
io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.AbstractUnsafe#register0
//2.2 将原生 channel 注册到 selector 上
private void register0(ChannelPromise promise) {
try {
if (!promise.setUncancellable() || !ensureOpen(promise)) {
return;
}
boolean firstRegistration = neverRegistered;
// 2.2.1 原生的 nio channel 绑定到 selector 上,注意此时没有注册 selector 关注事件,附件为 NioServerSocketChannel
//this.selectionKey = this.javaChannel().register(this.eventLoop().unwrappedSelector(), 0, this);
doRegister();
neverRegistered = false;
registered = true;
// 2.2.2 执行 NioServerSocketChannel 初始化器的 initChannel,回到 1.2
pipeline.invokeHandlerAddedIfNeeded();
// 2.2.3 设置initAndRegister()执行结果,回到 3.绑定端口号、注册accept事件
safeSetSuccess(promise);
pipeline.fireChannelRegistered();
if (isActive()) {// 对应 server socket channel 还未绑定,isActive 为 false
if (firstRegistration) {
pipeline.fireChannelActive();
} else if (config().isAutoRead()) {
beginRead();
}
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
closeForcibly();
closeFuture.setClosed();
safeSetFailure(promise, t);
}
}
关键代码 io.netty.bootstrap.AbstractBootstrap#doBind0
//3.绑定端口号、触发 active 事件、注册accept事件
private static void doBind0(
final ChannelFuture regFuture, final Channel channel,
final SocketAddress localAddress, final ChannelPromise promise) {
channel.eventLoop().execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
if (regFuture.isSuccess()) {
channel.bind(localAddress, promise).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE_ON_FAILURE);
} else {
promise.setFailure(regFuture.cause());
}
}
});
}
关键代码 io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.AbstractUnsafe#bind
//3.绑定端口号、触发 active 事件、注册accept事件
public final void bind(final SocketAddress localAddress, final ChannelPromise promise) {
assertEventLoop();
if (!promise.setUncancellable() || !ensureOpen(promise)) {
return;
}
if (Boolean.TRUE.equals(config().getOption(ChannelOption.SO_BROADCAST)) &&
localAddress instanceof InetSocketAddress &&
!((InetSocketAddress) localAddress).getAddress().isAnyLocalAddress() &&
!PlatformDependent.isWindows() && !PlatformDependent.maybeSuperUser()) {// 记录日志...
}
boolean wasActive = isActive();
try {
//3.1 ServerSocketChannel 绑定端口
doBind(localAddress);
} catch (Throwable t) {
safeSetFailure(promise, t);
closeIfClosed();
return;
}
if (!wasActive && isActive()) {
invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//3.2 触发 active 事件、注册accept事件
pipeline.fireChannelActive();
}
});
}
safeSetSuccess(promise);
}
关键代码 io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel#doBind
//3.1 ServerSocketChannel 绑定端口
protected void doBind(SocketAddress localAddress) throws Exception {
if (PlatformDependent.javaVersion() >= 7) {
javaChannel().bind(localAddress, config.getBacklog());
} else {
javaChannel().socket().bind(localAddress, config.getBacklog());
}
}
关键代码 io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.HeadContext#channelActive
//3.2 触发 active 事件、注册accept事件
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
//3.2.1 触发 active 事件
ctx.fireChannelActive();
//3.2.2 注册accept事件
readIfIsAutoRead();
}
关键代码 io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioChannel#doBeginRead
//3.2.2 注册accept事件
protected void doBeginRead() throws Exception {
// Channel.read() or ChannelHandlerContext.read() was called
final SelectionKey selectionKey = this.selectionKey;
if (!selectionKey.isValid()) {
return;
}
readPending = true;
final int interestOps = selectionKey.interestOps();
// readInterestOp 取值是 16,在 NioServerSocketChannel 创建时初始化好,代表关注 accept 事件
if ((interestOps & readInterestOp) == 0) {
selectionKey.interestOps(interestOps | readInterestOp);
}
}
NioEventLoop 线程不仅要处理 IO 事件,还要处理 Task(包括普通任务和定时任务),
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#NioEventLoop
*/
NioEventLoop(NioEventLoopGroup parent, Executor executor, SelectorProvider selectorProvider, SelectStrategy strategy, RejectedExecutionHandler rejectedExecutionHandler, EventLoopTaskQueueFactory queueFactory) {
super(parent, executor, false, newTaskQueue(queueFactory), newTaskQueue(queueFactory), rejectedExecutionHandler);
if (selectorProvider == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("selectorProvider");
} else if (strategy == null) {
throw new NullPointerException("selectStrategy");
} else {
this.provider = selectorProvider;
//在构造方法调用时创建:赋值给unwrappedSelector
NioEventLoop.SelectorTuple selectorTuple = this.openSelector();
this.selector = selectorTuple.selector;
this.unwrappedSelector = selectorTuple.unwrappedSelector;
this.selectStrategy = strategy;
}
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#NioEventLoop
*/
NioEventLoop(NioEventLoopGroup parent, Executor executor, SelectorProvider selectorProvider, SelectStrategy strategy, RejectedExecutionHandler rejectedExecutionHandler, EventLoopTaskQueueFactory queueFactory) {
//1.获取两个Selector
NioEventLoop.SelectorTuple selectorTuple = this.openSelector();
//2.赋值
this.selector = selectorTuple.selector;
this.unwrappedSelector = selectorTuple.unwrappedSelector;
}
//1.获取两个Selector
private NioEventLoop.SelectorTuple openSelector() {
//引用 unwrappedSelector 中的 selectedKeySet
this.selectedKeys = selectedKeySet;
//...改为了数组实现:数组实现可以提高遍历性能(原本为 HashSet)
return new NioEventLoop.SelectorTuple(
//原始的Selector
unwrappedSelector,
//包装后的Selector
new SelectedSelectionKeySetSelector(unwrappedSelector, selectedKeySet)
);
}
首次调用 execute 方法时,将 executor 中唯一的线程赋值给 thread
执行该线程任务,任务为死循环,不断查看是否有任务(调用selector.select(timeoutMills))
/**
* io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor#execute
*/
public void execute(Runnable task)
// 添加任务,其中队列使用了 jctools 提供的 mpsc 无锁队列
this.addTask(task);
//1.首次调用,启动线程
this.startThread();
//2.添加任务后执行wakeup
if (!this.addTaskWakesUp && this.wakesUpForTask(task)) {
this.wakeup(inEventLoop);
}
}
//1.首次调用,启动线程
private void startThread() {
this.doStartThread();
}
private void doStartThread() {
this.executor.execute(new Runnable() {
//1.将 executor 中唯一的线程赋值给 thread
SingleThreadEventExecutor.this.thread = Thread.currentThread();
//2.执行该线程的 run 方法,进入死循环
SingleThreadEventExecutor.this.run();
}
}
//2.执行thread任务:执行死循环,不断看有没有新任务、IO 事件 。循环+阻塞
protected void run() {
while(true) {
while(true) {
while(true) {
try {
try {
switch() {
case -3:
case -1:
//1.调用select
this.select(this.wakenUp.getAndSet(false));
if (this.wakenUp.get()) {
this.selector.wakeup();
}
break;
case -2:
continue;
}
}
//...执行任务
}
}
}
}
}
//1.调用select
private void select(boolean oldWakenUp) throws IOException {
try {
while(true) {
//2.阻塞
int selectedKeys = selector.select(timeoutMillis);
}
} catch (CancelledKeyException var13) {}
}
会。非Nio线程每次调用 execute 方法后,会执行一次 wakeup
/**
* io.netty.util.concurrent.SingleThreadEventExecutor#execute
*/
public void execute(Runnable task)
this.addTask(task);
this.startThread();
//1.添加任务后执行wakeup
if (!this.addTaskWakesUp && this.wakesUpForTask(task)) {
this.wakeup(inEventLoop);
}
}
protected void wakeup(boolean inEventLoop) {
// 如果线程由于 IO select 阻塞了,添加的任务的线程需要负责唤醒 NioEventLoop 线程
if (!inEventLoop && this.wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
this.selector.wakeup();
}
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#wakeup
*/
protected void wakeup(boolean inEventLoop) {
//1.提交任务的线程不是Nio线程才会进入if块
//2.保证多个非Nio线程同时提交任务后只唤醒一次
if (!inEventLoop && this.wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
this.selector.wakeup();
}
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#run
*/
//执行死循环,不断看有没有新任务、IO 事件 。循环+阻塞
protected void run() {
while(true) {
while(true) {
while(true) {
try {
try {
//1.当返回-1时进入阻塞逻辑
switch(this.selectStrategy.calculateStrategy(this.selectNowSupplier, this.hasTasks())) {
case -3:
case -1:
//进入 select 逻辑
this.select(this.wakenUp.getAndSet(false));
if (this.wakenUp.get()) {
this.selector.wakeup();
}
break;
case -2:
continue;
}
}
//...执行任务
}
}
}
}
}
//1.没有任务时返回-1,进入阻塞逻辑
public int calculateStrategy(IntSupplier selectSupplier, boolean hasTasks) throws Exception {
return hasTasks ? selectSupplier.get() : -1;
}
//2.有任务时调用 selectNow(返回0-...) 顺便拿到io 事件
private final IntSupplier selectNowSupplier = new IntSupplier() {
public int get() throws Exception {
return NioEventLoop.this.selectNow();
}
};
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#select
*/
//进入 select 逻辑
private void select(boolean oldWakenUp) throws IOException {
//1.获取当前时间
long currentTimeNanos = System.nanoTime();
//2.没有定时任务,截至时间:当前时间 + 1s
//2.存在定时任务,截至时间:下一个定时任务执行时间 - 当前时间
long selectDeadLineNanos = currentTimeNanos + this.delayNanos(currentTimeNanos);
//截至时间不变,当前时间改变
while(true) {
//3.超时时间:(1s+0.0005s)/1ms = 1000ms
long timeoutMillis = (selectDeadLineNanos - currentTimeNanos + 500000L) / 1000000L;
//到达截至时间:退出阻塞
if (timeoutMillis <= 0L) {
if (selectCnt == 0) {
selector.selectNow();
selectCnt = 1;
}
break;
}
//有普通任务:退出阻塞。如果没这个判断,那么任务就会等到下次 select 超时时才能被执行
if (this.hasTasks() && this.wakenUp.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
selector.selectNow();
selectCnt = 1;
break;
}
int selectedKeys = selector.select(timeoutMillis);
//醒来后,有 IO 事件、非 EventLoop 线程唤醒、有任务:退出阻塞
if (selectedKeys != 0 || oldWakenUp || this.wakenUp.get() || this.hasTasks() || this.hasScheduledTasks()) {
break;
}
long time = System.nanoTime();
currentTimeNanos = time;
}
}
//2.获取截至时间
protected long delayNanos(long currentTimeNanos) {
ScheduledFutureTask<?> scheduledTask = this.peekScheduledTask(); //不考虑
return scheduledTask == null ? SCHEDULE_PURGE_INTERVAL : scheduledTask.delayNanos(currentTimeNanos);
}
static {
SCHEDULE_PURGE_INTERVAL = TimeUnit.SECONDS.toNanos(1L);
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#select
*/
private void select(boolean oldWakenUp) throws IOException {
try {
int selectCnt = 0;
//1.循环+阻塞:如果出现bug没阻塞即空轮询,则 selectCnt++
while(true) {
int selectedKeys = selector.select(timeoutMillis);
++selectCnt;
//2.selectCnt超出阈值:重建并替换旧的 selector,退出阻塞
else if (SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD > 0 && selectCnt >= SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD) {
selector = this.selectRebuildSelector(selectCnt);
selectCnt = 1;
break;
}
}
}
}
static {
//3.阈值默认值:512
int selectorAutoRebuildThreshold = SystemPropertyUtil.getInt("io.netty.selectorAutoRebuildThreshold", 512);
if (selectorAutoRebuildThreshold < 3) {
selectorAutoRebuildThreshold = 0;
}
SELECTOR_AUTO_REBUILD_THRESHOLD = selectorAutoRebuildThreshold;
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#run
*/
//设置执行io任务的时间比例50%
private volatile int ioRatio = 50;
//执行死循环,不断看有没有新任务、IO 事件 。循环+阻塞
protected void run() {
while(true) {
while(true) {
while(true) {
try {
int ioRatio = this.ioRatio;
//1.比例设置为 100:则时间分配无效,该次循环存在多少任务执行多少任务
if (ioRatio == 100) {
try {
this.processSelectedKeys();
} finally {
this.runAllTasks();
}
}
//2.按时间比例执行任务
else {
long ioStartTime = System.nanoTime();
boolean var14 = false;
try {
var14 = true;
this.processSelectedKeys();
var14 = false;
} finally {
if (var14) {
long ioTime = System.nanoTime() - ioStartTime;、
this.runAllTasks(ioTime * (long)(100 - ioRatio) / (long)ioRatio);
}
}
//2.1 获取 io任务 执行所用时间
//2.2 执行普通任务:所用时间与 io任务 相同
long ioTime = System.nanoTime() - ioStartTime;
this.runAllTasks(ioTime * (long)(100 - ioRatio) / (long)ioRatio);
}
}
}
}
}
}
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#run
*/
//1.执行io任务
protected void run() {
while(true) {
while(true) {
while(true) {
try {
else {
try {
this.processSelectedKeys();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
private void processSelectedKeys() {
//2.如果selectedKeySet已替换为数组实现
//数组实现可以提高遍历性能(原本为 HashSet)
if (this.selectedKeys != null) {
this.processSelectedKeysOptimized();
}
}
private void processSelectedKeysOptimized() {
for(int i = 0; i < this.selectedKeys.size; ++i) {
SelectionKey k = this.selectedKeys.keys[i];
this.selectedKeys.keys[i] = null;
//3.获得事件相关的 Channel
Object a = k.attachment();
if (a instanceof AbstractNioChannel) {
this.processSelectedKey(k, (AbstractNioChannel)a);
}
}
}
//4.根据事件类型执行任务
private void processSelectedKey(SelectionKey k, AbstractNioChannel ch) {
NioUnsafe unsafe = ch.unsafe();
if (!k.isValid()) {}
//key有效
else {
try {
int readyOps = k.readyOps();
//连接事件
if ((readyOps & 8) != 0) {
int ops = k.interestOps();
ops &= -9;
k.interestOps(ops);
unsafe.finishConnect();
}
//可写事件
if ((readyOps & 4) != 0) {
ch.unsafe().forceFlush();
}
//可读、可接入事件
if ((readyOps & 17) != 0 || readyOps == 0) {
// 如果是可接入 io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioMessageChannel.NioMessageUnsafe#read
// 如果是可读 io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel.NioByteUnsafe#read
unsafe.read();
}
}
}
}
这里有个费解的地方就是 wakeup,它既可以由提交任务的线程来调用(比较好理解),也可以由 EventLoop 线程来调用(比较费解),这里要知道 wakeup 方法的效果:
- 由非 EventLoop 线程调用,会唤醒当前在执行 select 阻塞的 EventLoop 线程
- 由 EventLoop 自己调用,本次的 wakeup 会取消下一次的 select 操作
nio 流程总览
//1 阻塞直到事件发生
selector.select();
Iterator<SelectionKey> iter = selector.selectedKeys().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
//2 拿到一个事件
SelectionKey key = iter.next();
//3 如果是 accept 事件
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
//4 执行 accept
SocketChannel channel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
channel.configureBlocking(false);
//5 关注 read 事件
channel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
// ...
}
启动跟源码
服务器入口io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop#processSelectedKey
/**
* io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioMessageChannel.NioMessageUnsafe#read
*/
public void read() {
try {
try {
do {
//1.ServerScoketChannel 执行 accept 创建 SocketChannel
//2.将 SocketChannel 包装为 NioSocketChannel、设置非阻塞,然后将 SocketChannel 作为消息放入 readBuf
int localRead = doReadMessages(readBuf);
if (localRead == 0) {
break;
}
if (localRead < 0) {
closed = true;
break;
}
// localRead 为 1,就一条消息,即接收一个客户端连接
allocHandle.incMessagesRead(localRead);
} while (allocHandle.continueReading());
} catch (Throwable t) {
exception = t;
}
int size = readBuf.size();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i ++) {
readPending = false;
//3.进入 NioServerSocketChannel 的流水线:
// 触发 read 事件,让 pipeline 上的 handler 处理
pipeline.fireChannelRead(readBuf.get(i));
}
readBuf.clear();
allocHandle.readComplete();
pipeline.fireChannelReadComplete();
if (exception != null) {
closed = closeOnReadError(exception);
pipeline.fireExceptionCaught(exception);
}
if (closed) {
inputShutdown = true;
if (isOpen()) {
close(voidPromise());
}
}
} finally {
if (!readPending && !config.isAutoRead()) {
removeReadOp();
}
}
}
//1.
//2.
protected int doReadMessages(List<Object> buf) throws Exception {
//1.ServerScoketChannel 执行 accept 创建 SocketChannel
SocketChannel ch = SocketUtils.accept(this.javaChannel());
try {
if (ch != null) {
//2.将 SocketChannel 包装为 NioSocketChannel、设置非阻塞,然后将 SocketChannel 作为消息放入 readBuf
buf.add(new NioSocketChannel(this, ch));
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
//1.ServerScoketChannel 执行 accept 创建 SocketChannel
public static SocketChannel accept(final ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel) throws IOException {
try {
return (SocketChannel)AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<SocketChannel>() {
public SocketChannel run() throws IOException {
return serverSocketChannel.accept();
}
});
}
}
关键代码 io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap.ServerBootstrapAcceptor#channelRead
//3.进入 NioServerSocketChannel 的流水线
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
final Channel child = (Channel) msg; // 这时的 msg 是 NioSocketChannel
child.pipeline().addLast(childHandler); // NioSocketChannel 添加 childHandler 即初始化器
setChannelOptions(child, childOptions, logger); // 设置选项
for (Entry<AttributeKey<?>, Object> e: childAttrs) {
child.attr((AttributeKey<Object>) e.getKey()).set(e.getValue());
}
try {
//4.将 NioSocketChannel 注册到新的 NioEventLoop 线程中
childGroup.register(child).addListener(new ChannelFutureListener() {
@Override
public void operationComplete(ChannelFuture future) throws Exception {
if (!future.isSuccess()) {
forceClose(child, future.cause());
}
}
});
} catch (Throwable t) {
forceClose(child, t);
}
}
又回到启动剖析中熟悉的 io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.AbstractUnsafe#register
方法
//4.切换线程:异步将 NioSocketChannel 注册到新的 NioEventLoop 线程中
public final void register(EventLoop eventLoop, final ChannelPromise promise) {
// 一些检查...
AbstractChannel.this.eventLoop = eventLoop;
if (eventLoop.inEventLoop()) { //是否是EventLoop线程
register0(promise);
} else {
try {
//4.1 切换线程:这行代码完成的事实是 nio boss -> nio worker 线程的切换
// 首次执行 execute 方法时:才启动 nio 线程,之后注册等操作在 nio 线程上执行
eventLoop.execute(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
//4.2 将 NioSocketChannel 注册到新的 NioEventLoop 线程中
register0(promise);
}
});
}
//...
}
}
io.netty.channel.AbstractChannel.AbstractUnsafe#register0
//4.2 将 NioSocketChannel 注册到新的 NioEventLoop 线程中
private void register0(ChannelPromise promise) {
try {
if (!promise.setUncancellable() || !ensureOpen(promise)) {
return;
}
boolean firstRegistration = neverRegistered;
// 4.2.1 将 NioSocketChannel 注册到新的 selector 上
// 注意此时没有注册 selector 关注事件,附件为当前的 NioSocketChannel
// this.selectionKey = this.javaChannel().register(this.eventLoop().unwrappedSelector(), 0, this);
doRegister();
neverRegistered = false;
registered = true;
//4.2.2 执行初始化器:我们给NioSocketChannel写的 chileHandler—>initChannel
//执行前 pipeline 中只有 head -> 初始化器 -> tail
pipeline.invokeHandlerAddedIfNeeded();
//执行后就是 head -> logging handler -> tail
safeSetSuccess(promise);
pipeline.fireChannelRegistered();
if (isActive()) {
if (firstRegistration) {
//4.2.3 在新的 selector 上关注 read 事件
// 触发 pipeline 上 active 事件
pipeline.fireChannelActive();
} else if (config().isAutoRead()) {
beginRead();
}
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
closeForcibly();
closeFuture.setClosed();
safeSetFailure(promise, t);
}
}
//4.2.2 执行初始化器:我们给NioSocketChannel写的 chileHandler—>initChannel
public static void main(String[] args) {
NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup(2);
try {
Channel channel = new ServerBootstrap()
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<NioSocketChannel>() {
@Override
protected void initChannel(NioSocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
//添加日志处理器
channel.pipeline().addLast(new LoggingHandler());
}
})
//...
}
}
回到了熟悉的代码 io.netty.channel.DefaultChannelPipeline.HeadContext#channelActive
//4.2.3 在新的 selector 上关注 read 事件
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
ctx.fireChannelActive();
//关注 read 事件(NioSocketChannel 这里 read,只是为了触发 channel 的事件注册,还未涉及数据读取)
this.readIfIsAutoRead();
}
io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioChannel#doBeginRead
//关注 read 事件
protected void doBeginRead() throws Exception {
SelectionKey selectionKey = this.selectionKey;
if (selectionKey.isValid()) {
this.readPending = true;
int interestOps = selectionKey.interestOps();//这时候 interestOps 是 0
if ((interestOps & this.readInterestOp) == 0) {
//关注 read 事件
selectionKey.interestOps(interestOps | this.readInterestOp);
}
}
}
再来看可读事件 io.netty.channel.nio.AbstractNioByteChannel.NioByteUnsafe#read
,注意发送的数据未必能够一次读完,因此会触发多次 nio read 事件,一次事件内会触发多次 pipeline read,一次事件会触发一次 pipeline read complete
public final void read() {
final ChannelConfig config = config();
if (shouldBreakReadReady(config)) {
clearReadPending();
return;
}
final ChannelPipeline pipeline = pipeline();
//1.获取 byteBuf 分配器:决定是池化还是非池化的
// io.netty.allocator.type 决定 allocator 的实现
final ByteBufAllocator allocator = config.getAllocator();
//2.动态调整 byteBuf 的分配大小,并且强制使用直接内存
final RecvByteBufAllocator.Handle allocHandle = recvBufAllocHandle();
a llocHandle.reset(config);
ByteBuf byteBuf = null;
boolean close = false;
try {
do {
byteBuf = allocHandle.allocate(allocator);
//3.读取到 byteBuf
allocHandle.lastBytesRead(doReadBytes(byteBuf));
if (allocHandle.lastBytesRead() <= 0) {
byteBuf.release();
byteBuf = null;
close = allocHandle.lastBytesRead() < 0;
if (close) {
readPending = false;
}
break;
}
allocHandle.incMessagesRead(1);
readPending = false;
//4.触发 read 事件,把 ByteBuf 依次传给流水线中的handler 处理,这时是处理 NioSocketChannel 上的 handler
pipeline.fireChannelRead(byteBuf);
byteBuf = null;
}
//5.是否要继续循环
while (allocHandle.continueReading());
allocHandle.readComplete();
// 触发 read complete 事件
pipeline.fireChannelReadComplete();
if (close) {
closeOnRead(pipeline);
}
} catch (Throwable t) {
handleReadException(pipeline, byteBuf, t, close, allocHandle);
} finally {
if (!readPending && !config.isAutoRead()) {
removeReadOp();
}
}
}
io.netty.channel.DefaultMaxMessagesRecvByteBufAllocator.MaxMessageHandle#continueReading(io.netty.util.UncheckedBooleanSupplier)
//5.是否要继续循环
public boolean continueReading(UncheckedBooleanSupplier maybeMoreDataSupplier) {
return
// 一般为 true
config.isAutoRead() &&
// respectMaybeMoreData 默认为 true
// maybeMoreDataSupplier 的逻辑是如果预期读取字节与实际读取字节相等,返回 true
(!respectMaybeMoreData || maybeMoreDataSupplier.get()) &&
// 小于最大次数,maxMessagePerRead 默认 16
totalMessages < maxMessagePerRead &&
// 实际读到了数据
totalBytesRead > 0;
}