编译报错：undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0‘解决方法

一、问题描述

自己的环境：Ubuntu18.04。

自己编译C++程序的时候，遇到如下报错：

/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFLastDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteEncodedStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFIsTiled@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSwabArrayOfShort@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFIsByteSwapped@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFFlushData@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFFreeDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFScanlineSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteEncodedTile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteBufferSetup@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFTileSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFRGBAImageOK@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFClose@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteRawStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSetTagExtender@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFGetFieldDefaulted@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSwabArrayOfLong@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFTileSize64@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBATileExt@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFStripSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFMergeFieldInfo@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFSetWarningHandler@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFGetConfiguredCODECs@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgeotiff.so.2: undefined reference to `_TIFFmalloc@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgeotiff.so.2: undefined reference to `_TIFFmemcpy@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFClientdata@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgeotiff.so.2: undefined reference to `_TIFFrealloc@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgeotiff.so.2: undefined reference to `_TIFFmemset@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBAStripExt@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteCheck@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSetWriteOffset@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFDefaultStripSize@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFScanlineSize64@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFIsBigEndian@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpoppler.so.73: undefined reference to `TIFFFdOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteScanline@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `_TIFFfree@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSwabLong@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFGetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSwabShort@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFNumberOfStrips@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadEncodedTile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBATile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgeotiff.so.2: undefined reference to `TIFFClientOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFFlush@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFErrorExt@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFNumberOfDirectories@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFWriteRawTile@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFStripSize64@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFCreateDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFOpen@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSwabArrayOfDouble@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSetSubDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFUnlinkDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadEncodedStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFSetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFCurrentDirOffset@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFIsCODECConfigured@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFUnsetField@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFDataWidth@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFRewriteDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFGetSizeProc@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFSetErrorHandler@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFSetDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFReadScanline@LIBTIFF_4.0'
//usr/lib/libgdal.so.20: undefined reference to `TIFFNumberOfTiles@LIBTIFF_4.0'
/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.3.2.0: undefined reference to `TIFFReadRGBAStrip@LIBTIFF_4.0'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
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二、出现原因与解决方法

出现原因主要是系统中存在的 tiff 版本与编译需要的版本不一致导致的。出现上述报错undefined reference to TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0 是因为编译程序需要的是 tiff-4.0 版本，但是系统内的不是这个版本。
安装方法：
libtiff官网 下载对应的安装包 tiff-4.0.10.zip,(tiff-4.0.x.zip 都可以)，解压之后，然后编译安装：

cd tiff-4.0.10/
mkdir cmake-build
cd cmake-build/
cmake ..
make
sudo make install
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然后再次编译，就可以编译通过了。

注意：
libtiff 是应该可以通过sudo apt-get install libtiff4-dev进行安装，但是运行该命令后，不能找到安装包，而只能运行 sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev 才能成功，但是这样安装的是libtiff5，这样安装后并不能解决本博客遇到的问题。

参考链接

[1] 以道御术. 在ubuntu下安装opencv和PCL时 undefined reference to `TIFFReadDirectory@LIBTIFF_4.0 [EB/OL]. https://blog.csdn.net/u013372308/article/details/100168651, 2019-08-31/2022-11-06.
[2] 蒲公英云. tesseract-4.0.0源码编译安装 [EB/OL]. https://dandelioncloud.cn/article/details/1478780643671887873, 2022-01-06/2022-11-06.