linux安装mysql

linux安装mysql

安装mysql

docker方式安装

检查docker版本

docker --version
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确保Docker启动

systemctl start docker
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查看可用的 MySQL 版本

docker search mysql
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拉取最新版MySQL镜像

（如果要安装指定版本将latest换成版本号即可）

docker pull mysql:latest
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查看已下载的镜像

docker image ls 
或者
docker images
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运行容器
参数说明：
• -p 3306:3306 ：映射容器服务的 3306 端口到宿主机的 3306 端口，外部主机可以直接通过 宿主机ip:3306 访问到 MySQL 的服务。
• MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456：设置 MySQL 服务 root 用户的密码。
• --name 容器别名

docker run -itd --name mysql-test -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
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设置docker 自启动

systemctl enable docker.service
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查看自启动

systemctl list-unit-files | grep enable
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设置 docker mysql镜像自启动

docker update c90c76bd1dae --restart=always
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#2.进入mysql容器：这里的mysql-test最好使用容器的id来替换
docker exec -it mysql-test bash
#3.使用账号密码登录
mysql -uroot -p123456
#4.创建数据库：
CREATE DATABASE luckyframe CHARACTER SET utf8;
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直接安装

一、安装之前检测系统是否有自带的MySQL

rpm -qa | grep mysql #检查是否安装过MySQL

rpm -qa | grep mariadb #检查是否存在 mariadb 数据库（内置的MySQL数据库），有则强制删除

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64 #强制删除

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$rpm -e --nodeps  mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
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二、下载mysql源

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$rpm -e --nodeps  mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$curl -O https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 25680  100 25680    0     0  21371      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:-- 21382
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$
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三、安装mysql源

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
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四、检查mysql源是否安装成功

出现以下信息表示安装成功了

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 206
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                       94
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 624
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$
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五、有了MySQL源后安装MySQL

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$yum install mysql-community-server
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安装会报错

Public key for mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed


 Failing package is: mysql-community-client-5.7.40-1.el7.x86_64
 GPG Keys are configured as: file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
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安装报错，提示无公共秘钥

解决方法：

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$rpm --import https://repo.mysql.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022
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然后再次安装

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$yum install mysql-community-server
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六、查看是否安装成功

有对应的server的信息即为成功

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$yum list installed mysql-*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
mysql-community-client.x86_64                               5.7.40-1.el7                                @mysql57-communitymysql-community-common.x86_64                               5.7.40-1.el7                                @mysql57-communitymysql-community-libs.x86_64                                 5.7.40-1.el7                                @mysql57-communitymysql-community-server.x86_64                               5.7.40-1.el7                                @mysql57-community[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$
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七、启动MySQL并检查MySQL运行状态

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$systemctl start mysqld
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-11-02 13:05:30 CST; 9s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 18745 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 18596 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 18749 (mysqld)
    Tasks: 27
   Memory: 320.6M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─18749 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Nov 02 13:05:25 MeterSphere.teyuntong.net systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Nov 02 13:05:30 MeterSphere.teyuntong.net systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$
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八、获取MySQL默认登录密码，登录MySQL，并修改默认密码

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-11-02T05:05:27.765831Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: mhNQq>rje16d

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输入以下命令后，再输入默认登录密码，就能以 root 帐号登录 mysql

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$mysql -uroot -p
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在创建数据库或数据表之前，要先用一下命令修改 root 用户的密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Mysql@123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
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九、授予root用户远程访问权限，并刷新权限使生效

grant all privileges on . to ‘root’ @‘%’ identified by ‘Mysql@123’;

第一个*是数据库，可以改成允许访问的数据库名称

第二个 是数据库的表名称，代表允许访问任意的表

root代表远程登录使用的用户名，可以自定义

%代表允许任意ip登录，如果你想指定特定的IP，可以把%替换掉就可以了

password代表远程登录时使用的密码，可以自定义

让权限立即生效：flush privileges

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by 'Mysql@123456' with grant option;
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mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by 'Mysql@123456'; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
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十、设置为开机自启动

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$systemctl enable mysqld
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十一、MySQL配置文件保存在/etc/路径下，可修改配置，重启MySQL服务后配置生效

[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
[root@MeterSphere /home/test]$
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重启

systemctl restart mysqld
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卸载Mysql

1、查看MySQL安装情况：

强制删除已安装MySQL

rpm -qa | grep mysql
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2、查找所有MySQL目录并删除：

find / -name mysql 
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3、 删除my.cnf：

rm -f /etc/my.cnf
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