Maven通过命令创建Web工程操作实例

目标：使用Maven命令，创建一个web工程，该工程可以在页面上有一个连接，可以访问执行servlet。

1.创建命令：mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DarchetypeVersion=1.4

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo>mvn archetype:generate -DarchetypeGroupId=org.apache.maven.archetypes -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DarchetypeVersion=1.4
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >-------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.1:generate (default-cli) > generate-sources @ standalone-pom >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.1:generate (default-cli) < generate-sources @ standalone-pom <<<
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.1:generate (default-cli) @ standalone-pom ---
[INFO] Generating project in Interactive mode
[WARNING] No archetype found in remote catalog. Defaulting to internal catalog
[INFO] Archetype repository not defined. Using the one from [org.apache.maven.archetypes:maven-archetype-webapp:1.0] found in catalog internal
Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-webapp/1.4/maven-archetype-webapp-1.4.pom
Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-webapp/1.4/maven-archetype-webapp-1.4.pom (1.4 kB at 1.9 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-bundles/1.4/maven-archetype-bundles-1.4.pom
Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-bundles/1.4/maven-archetype-bundles-1.4.pom (4.5 kB at 9.5 kB/s)
Downloading from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-webapp/1.4/maven-archetype-webapp-1.4.jar
Downloaded from nexus-aliyun: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/archetypes/maven-archetype-webapp/1.4/maven-archetype-webapp-1.4.jar (6.8 kB at 14 kB/s)
Define value for property 'groupId': com.ldsnet.maven
Define value for property 'artifactId': pro02-maven-web
Define value for property 'version' 1.0-SNAPSHOT: :
Define value for property 'package' com.ldsnet.maven: :
Confirm properties configuration:
groupId: com.ldsnet.maven
artifactId: pro02-maven-web
version: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
package: com.ldsnet.maven
 Y: :
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.4
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.ldsnet.maven
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: pro02-maven-web
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.ldsnet.maven
[INFO] Parameter: packageInPathFormat, Value: com/ldsnet/maven
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.ldsnet.maven
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.ldsnet.maven
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: pro02-maven-web
[INFO] Project created from Archetype in dir: E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  02:06 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-10-25T06:59:08+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo>
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生成目录：

生成的pom文件

2.修改junit版本为4.12，并将build删除。修改后为：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ldsnet.mavengroupId>
  <artifactId>pro02-maven-webartifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
  <packaging>warpackaging>

  <name>pro02-maven-web Maven Webappname>
  
  <url>http://www.example.comurl>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7maven.compiler.target>
  properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junitgroupId>
      <artifactId>junitartifactId>
      <version>4.12version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>
  dependencies>

project>

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3.补充创建目录和文件
在main目录下创建：\java\com\ldsnet\maven
创建文件：HelloServlet.java

4.编辑文件index.jsp

<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
<a href="helloServlet">Access Servlet</a>  //引入Servlet
</body>
</html>

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5.编辑文件HttpServlet.java

package com.ldsnet.maven;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet{
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException,IOException{
		response.getWriter().write("hello maven web");
	}
}

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6.在pom.xml中加入Servlet-api依赖包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.ldsnet.mavengroupId>
  <artifactId>pro02-maven-webartifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>
  <packaging>warpackaging>

  <name>pro02-maven-web Maven Webappname>
  
  <url>http://www.example.comurl>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7maven.compiler.target>
  properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junitgroupId>
      <artifactId>junitartifactId>
      <version>4.12version>
      <scope>testscope>
    dependency>
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>javax.servletgroupId>
		<artifactId>javax.servlet-apiartifactId>
		<version>3.1.0version>
		<scope>providedscope>
	dependency>

  dependencies>

project>
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7.执行编译命令mvn compile

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web>mvn clean compile
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< com.ldsnet.maven:pro02-maven-web >------------------
[INFO] Building pro02-maven-web Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Deleting E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target\classes
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  0.671 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-10-26T06:47:27+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web>
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生成文件成功。

8.执行打包操作mvn package

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web>mvn clean package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< com.ldsnet.maven:pro02-maven-web >------------------
[INFO] Building pro02-maven-web Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Deleting E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target\classes
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ pro02-maven-web ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ pro02-maven-web ---
Downloading from nexus-aliyun: (省略下载依赖过程）
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [pro02-maven-web] in [E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target\pro02-maven-web-1.0-SNAPSHOT]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\src\main\webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [33 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web\target\pro02-maven-web-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war
[INFO] WEB-INF\web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  7.220 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2022-10-26T07:03:38+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

E:\Code\study\Maven\spaceVideo\pro02-maven-web>
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生成WAR包：

9.将WAR包或解压包放在Tomcat的运行目录下运行测试结果

运行tomcat后打开页面：

点击Access Servlet

至此，这个实验成功完成！