达梦8.0主备安装

主库IP： 192.168.44.102 dmprimary
备库IP： 192.168.44.101 dmstandby

1.安装软件：

mount -o loop /root/dm8_20220901_x86_rh6_64_ent_8.6.1.120.iso /dmdb

1.1.创建用户、组

groupadd -g 12349 dinstall
useradd -u 12345 -g dinstall -m -d /home/dmdba -s /bin/bash dmdba

3.初始化用户密码。

passwd dmdba

su - dmdba
mkdir -p /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup /opt/dmdbms/data /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/arch /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/log /opt/dmdbms/product
mkdir -p /opt/dmdbms/tmp
chown -R dmdba:dinstall /opt/dmdbms/tmp
chmod -R 777 /opt/dmdbms/tmp
chown -R dmdba:dinstall /opt/dmdbms

vi /etc/profile
DM_INSTALL_TMPDIR=/opt/dmdbms/tmp
export DM_INSTALL_TMPDIR

1.2.软件安装

[root@dmstandby dmdb]# ./DMInstall.bin -i
Please select the installer’s language (E/e:English C/c:Chinese) [E/e]:E
Whether to input the path of Key File? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:n
Whether to Set The TimeZone? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:y
TimeZone:
Please Select the TimeZone [21]:21
Installation Type:
1 Typical
2 Server
3 Client
4 Custom
Please Input the number of the Installation Type [1 Typical]:4
…
Please Input the number of the Installation Type [1 2 3 4 5]:
Require Space: 1573M
Please Input the install path [/opt/dmdbms/product]:
Available Space:31G
Please Confirm the install path(/opt/dmdbms/product)? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No) [Y/y]:y
Pre-Installation Summary
Installation Location: /opt/dmdbms/product
Require Space: 1573M
Available Space: 31G
Version Information:
Expire Date:
Installation Type: Custom
Confirm to Install? (Y/y:Yes N/n:No):y
2022-09-26 19:10:33
[INFO] Installing DM DBMS…
。。
[INFO] Installed DM DBMS completely.
End

2.主库设置
2.1.创建主库

su - dmdba
[dmdba@dmstandby ~]$ cd /opt/dmdbms/product/bin
[dmdba@dmstandby bin]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dminit path=/opt/dmdbms/data PAGE_SIZE=32 EXTENT_SIZE=32 CASE_SENSITIVE=y CHARSET=1 DB_NAME=DAMENG5237 INSTANCE_NAME=DBSERVER5237 PORT_NUM=5237 SYSDBA_PWD=DAMENG.5237

2.2.注册服务

[root@dmprimary root]# /opt/dmdbms/product/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmserver -dm_ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini -p DMSERVER5237
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmServiceDMSERVER5237.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmServiceDMSERVER5237.service.
Finished to create the service (DmServiceDMSERVER5237)

2.3.配置主库归档模式

su - root
systemctl start DmServiceDMSERVER5237.service

su - dmdba
/opt/dmdbms/product/bin/disql sysdba/DAMENG.5237@127.0.0.1:5237

su - dmdba
disql sysdba/DAMENG5237123
alter database mount;
alter database add archivelog ‘dest=/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/arch,TYPE=local,FILE_SIZE=2048’;
alter database archivelog;
alter database open;

select name,arch_mode from v$database;

3.从库设置
3.1.创建从库

su - dmdba
[dmdba@dmstandby ~]$ cd /opt/dmdbms/product/bin
[dmdba@dmstandby bin]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dminit path=/opt/dmdbms/data PAGE_SIZE=32 EXTENT_SIZE=32 CASE_SENSITIVE=y CHARSET=1 DB_NAME=DAMENG5237 INSTANCE_NAME=DBSERVER5237R PORT_NUM=5237 SYSDBA_PWD=DAMENG.5237

3.2.注册服务

su - root
[root@dmprimary root]# /opt/dmdbms/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmserver -dm_ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini -p DmServiceDMSERVER5237
systemctl start DmServiceDMSERVER5237
systemctl stop DmServiceDMSERVER5237

4.主库备份数据
1、关闭主库,以 dmrman 备份数据库

su - root
[root@dmprimary arch]# systemctl stop DmServiceDMSERVER5237

su - dmdba
[dmdba@dmprimary service_template]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/service_template/DmAPService start
[dmdba@dmprimary bin]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmrman
dmrman V8

RMAN> backup database ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup’;
backup database ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini’ backupset ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup’;
file dm.key not found, use default license!
Database mode = 0, oguid = 0
Normal of FAST
Normal of DEFAULT
Normal of RECYCLE
Normal of KEEP
Normal of ROLL
EP[0]'s cur_lsn[48149], file_lsn[48149]
Processing backupset /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup
[Percent:30.77%][Speed:63.87M/s][Cost:00:00:04][Remaining:00:00:02]
[Percent:100.00%][Speed:0.00M/s][Cost:00:00:06][Remaining:00:00:00]
backup successfully!
time used: 00:00:07.991

拷贝：

[dmdba@dmprimary backup]$ scp /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup/ 192.168.44.101:/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup/

5.在备库恢复数据

[root@dmstandby root]# su - dmdba
mkdir -p /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup

还原：

[dmdba@dmstandby service_template]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/service_template/DmAPService start
Starting DmAPService: [ OK ]

[dmdba@dmstandby bin]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmrman

CHECK BACKUPSET ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup’ ;
RESTORE DATABASE ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini’ FROM BACKUPSET ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup’;
recover database ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini’ from backupset ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/backup/’;
recover database ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini’ update db_magic;

6.配置文件设置
6.1.修改主库dm.ini文件

ALTER_MODE_STATUS = 0 ##不允许手工方式修改实例模式/状态/OGUID
ENABLE_OFFLINE_TS = 2 ##不允许备库 OFFLINE 表空间
MAL_INI = 1 ##打开 MAL 系统
ARCH_INI = 1 ##打开归档配置
ALTER_TABLE_OPT=3 ##加快带默认值的字段添加(看情况需要)

6.2.生成主库dmmal.ini文件

[dmdba@dmprimary DAMENG5237]$ cat dmmal.ini
MAL_CHECK_INTERVAL = 5 #MAL 链路检测时间间隔
MAL_CONN_FAIL_INTERVAL = 5 #判定 MAL 链路断开的时间
[MAL_INST1]
MAL_INST_NAME = DBSERVER5237 #实例名，和 dm.ini 中的 INSTANCE_NAME 一致
MAL_HOST = 192.168.44.102 #MAL 系统监听 TCP 连接的 IP 地址
MAL_PORT = 65237 #MAL 系统监听 TCP 连接的端口
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.44.102 #实例的对外服务 IP 地址
MAL_INST_PORT = 5237 #实例的对外服务端口，dm.ini 中的 PORT_NUM 一致
MAL_DW_PORT = 55237 #实例对应的守护进程监听 TCP 连接的端口
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 35237 #实例监听守护进程 TCP 连接的端口

[MAL_INST2]
MAL_INST_NAME = DBSERVER5237R
MAL_HOST = 192.168.44.101
MAL_PORT = 65237
MAL_INST_HOST = 192.168.44.101
MAL_INST_PORT = 5237
MAL_DW_PORT = 55237
MAL_INST_DW_PORT = 35237

6.3.生成主库dmarch.ini文件

[ARCHIVE_REALTIME1]
ARCH_TYPE = REALTIME #实时归档类型
ARCH_DEST = DBSERVER5237R #实时归档目标实例名,这里是备库的实例名
[ARCHIVE_LOCAL1]
ARCH_TYPE = LOCAL #本地归档类型
ARCH_DEST = /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/arch #本地归档文件存放路径
ARCH_FILE_SIZE = 2024 #单位Mb,本地单个归档文件最大值
ARCH_SPACE_LIMIT = 0 #单位Mb,0 表示无限制,范围 1024~4294967294M
ARCH_FLUSH_BUF_SIZE = 0
ARCH_HANG_FLAG = 1

6.4.生成主库dmwatcher.ini文件

[dmdba@dmprimary DAMENG5237]$ cat dmwatcher.ini
[GRP1]
DW_TYPE = GLOBAL ##全局守护类型
DW_MODE = AUTO ##手工切换 AUTO自动切换模式必须部署一个确认监视器,在集群中每个节点必须配置一致,不能一个是自动,一个是手动
DW_ERROR_TIME = 10 ##远程守护进程故障认定时间
INST_RECOVER_TIME = 60 ##主库守护进程启动恢复的间隔时间
INST_ERROR_TIME = 10 ##本地实例故障认定时间
INST_OGUID = 455237 ##守护系统唯一 OGUID 值
INST_INI = /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini #dm.ini配置文件路径
INST_AUTO_RESTART = 1 ##打开实例的自动启动功能,若配置为0的话,数据库shutdown后,dmwatch守护进程不会把数据库拉起来
INST_STARTUP_CMD = /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmserver #命令行方式启动
RLOG_SEND_THRESHOLD = 0 ##指定主库发送日志到备库的时间阀值,默认关闭
RLOG_APPLY_THRESHOLD = 0 ##指定备库重演日志的时间阀值,默认关闭

6.5.监视器配置文件dmmonitor.ini

MON_DW_Confirm = 1 ## 0表示普通监视器 ，最多配置8个，1 确认监视器模式
MON_LOG_PATH = /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/log ##监视器日志文件存放路径
MON_LOG_INTERVAL = 60 ##每隔 60s 定时记录系统信息到日志文件
MON_LOG_FILE_SIZE = 256 ##每个日志文件最大 256M
MON_LOG_SPACE_LIMIT = 0 ##不限定日志文件总占用空间
[GRP1]
MON_INST_OGUID = 455237 #组 GRP1 的唯一OGUID 值
##配置为监视器到组GRP1的守护进程的连接信息以―IP:PORT‖的形式配置
##IP对应dmmal.ini中的 MAL_HOST,PORT 对应 dmmal.ini 中的 MAL_DW_PORT
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.44.102:55237
MON_DW_IP = 192.168.44.101:55237

6.6.拷贝ini文档到备库

拷贝dm.ini、dmwatcher.ini、dmmonitor.ini、dmarch.ini、dmmal.ini到备库
[dmdba@dmprimary backup]$ scp /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/*.ini 192.168.44.101:/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/

注意从库中dm.ini、dmarch.ini 需要修改对应的
dm.ini 中的 INST_NAME = DBSERVER5237R
dmarch.ini 中的 ARCH_DEST = DBSERVER5237

修改 /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/DmServiceDMSERVER5237 将启动模式由open改为mount

7.主备同步设置
7.1.注册DmWatcherService服务

su - root
[root@dmprimary root]# /opt/dmdbms/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmwatcher -p GRP5237 -watcher_ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmwatcher.ini
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmWatcherServiceGRP5237.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmWatcherServiceGRP5237.service.
Finished to create the service (DmWatcherServiceGRP5237)

su - root
[root@dmstandby root]# /opt/dmdbms/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmwatcher -p GRP5237 -watcher_ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmwatcher.ini
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmWatcherServiceGRP5237.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmWatcherServiceGRP5237.service.
Finished to create the service (DmWatcherServiceGRP5237)

[root@host134 system]# ls -al /usr/lib/systemd/system/Dm*

7.2.注册dmmonitor服务
主备注册监听器服务，但一般只在备库上开启服务

su - root
[root@dmstandby root]# cd /opt/dmdbms/script/root
[root@dmstandby root]#/opt/dmdbms/script/root/dm_service_installer.sh -t dmmonitor -p Monitor5237 -monitor_ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmmonitor.ini
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/DmMonitorServiceMonitor52375237.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/DmMonitorServiceMonitor52375237.service.
Finished to create the service (DmMonitorServiceMonitor52375237)

8.启动主备库

主备库都启动，启动的状态是open模式,会破坏主从关系,使用后台命令的方式启动mount 或者 修改 /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/DmServiceDMSERVER5237 将启动模式由open改为mount。
这里采取修改修改 /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/DmServiceDMSERVER5237 将启动模式由open改为mount

su - dmdba
[root@dmprimary root]# su - dmdba

[dmdba@dmprimary ~]$ nohup /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmserver /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini mount>dmserver.log &

systemctl start DmServiceDMSERVER5237

root@dmstandby root]# su - dmdba

[dmdba@dmstandby ~]$ nohup /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmserver /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dm.ini mount>dmserver.log &

systemctl start DmServiceDMSERVER5237

[root@dmprimary dmdba]# /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/disql sysdba/DAMENG.5237@127.0.0.1:5237
SQL> select status$,mode$ from v$instance;LINEIDSTATUS$ MODE$

---

1 MOUNT NORMAL

[root@dmstandby dmdba]# /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/disql sysdba/DAMENG.5237@127.0.0.1:5237
SQL> select status$,mode$ from v$instance;LINEIDSTATUS$ MODE$

---

1 MOUNT NORMAL

8.1.主备库的oguid/role配置
8.1.1.A.主库dmprimary

/opt/dmdbms/product/bin/disql sysdba/DAMENG.5237@127.0.0.1:5237
SQL>sp_set_oguid(455237);
SQL>alter database primary;

8.1.2.B.备库dmstandby

/opt/dmdbms/product/bin/disql sysdba/DAMENG.5237@127.0.0.1:5237
SQL>sp_set_oguid(455237);
SQL>alter database standby;

这个时候主备库三个实例额度状态都是mount状态的,下面需要启动dmwatcher,把实例状态拉起来

select status$ from v$instance;LINEIDSTATUS$

---

1 MOUNT

8.2.启动dmwatcher
每个实例都启动(root账号)

[root@dmprimary root]# systemctl start DmWatcherServiceGRP5237
SQL> select status$,mode$ from v$instance;

LINEID STATUS$ MODE$

---

1 OPEN PRIMARY
[root@dmstandby root]# systemctl start DmWatcherServiceGRP5237
SQL> select status$,mode$ from v$instance;

LINEID STATUS$ MODE$

---

1 OPEN STANDBY

我们的监视器是配置在备库上面的：
启动监视器进程

[root@mstandby root]# systemctl start DmMonitorServiceMonitor5237

8.3.测试
主库上创建表空间和用户

create tablespace tps_hxl datafile ‘/opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/tps_hxl01.DBF’ size 1024 autoextend on maxsize 32768;
create user hxl identified by DAMENG5237123 default tablespace tps_hxl default index tablespace tps_hxl;
grant dba to hxl;

从库查看表空间和用户

select tablespace_name from SYS.DBA_TABLESPACES;
select username from SYS.DBA_USERS;

9.监视器监控相关:

cp /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmmonitor.ini /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmmonitor0.ini
修改监视器配置文件dmmonitor.ini
MON_DW_Confirm = 0 ## 0表示普通监视器 ，最多配置8个，1 确认监视器模式

[dmdba@dmstandby ~]$ /opt/dmdbms/product/bin/dmmonitor /opt/dmdbms/data/DAMENG5237/dmmonitor0.ini

10.删除实例
1、删除服务

su - root
[root@dmstandby root]# pwd
/opt/dmdbms/script/root
./dm_service_uninstaller.sh -n DmServiceDMSERVER5237

2、删除数据库目录

[root@host134 root]# su - dmdba
[dmdba@host134 data]$ cd /opt/dmdbms/data
[dmdba@host134 data]$ rm -rf DAMENG5237