JavaScript是一门语言,需要学习两天。
概念:一门客户端脚本语言。
功能:
JavaScript发展史:
JavaScript = ECMAScript + JavaScript自己特有的东西(BOM+DOM)
基本语法:
代码1:数据类型,变量
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>变量title>
<script>
/*定义变量*/
/* var a = 'a';
alert(a);
a = 123;
alert(a);
a = '当前网站有毒!请放心使用!';
alert(a);*/
//定义number类型的变量
var num = 1;
var num2 = 1.2;
var num3 = NaN;
//输出到页面上
document.write(num + "
");
document.write(num2 + "
");
document.write(num3 + "
");
//定义String类型
var str = '哈喽!'
var str2 = "情爱的"
document.write(str + "
");
document.write(str2+ "
");
//定义布尔类型
var flag = true;
var flag2 = false;
document.write(flag + "
");
document.write(flag2 + "
");
//定义null
var obj = null;
var obj2 = undefined;
var obj3 ;
document.write(obj + "
");
document.write(obj2 + "
");
document.write(obj3 + "
");
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码2:变量_typeof
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>变量title>
<script>
/*定义变量*/
/* var a = 'a';
alert(a);
a = 123;
alert(a);
a = '当前网站有毒!请放心使用!';
alert(a);*/
//定义number类型的变量
var num = 1;
var num2 = 1.2;
var num3 = NaN;
//输出到页面上
document.write(num + "----" + typeof(num)+ "
");
document.write(num2 + "----" + typeof(num2) + "
");
document.write(num3 + "----" + typeof(num3) + "
");
//定义String类型
var str = '哈喽!'
var str2 = "情爱的"
document.write(str + "----" + typeof(str) + "
");
document.write(str2 + "----" + typeof(str2) + "
");
//定义布尔类型
var flag = true;
var flag2 = false;
document.write(flag + "----" + typeof(flag) + "
");
document.write(flag2 + "----" + typeof(flag2) + "
");
//定义null
var obj = null;
var obj2 = undefined;
var obj3 ;
document.write(obj + "----" + typeof(obj) + "
");
document.write(obj2 + "----" + typeof(obj2) + "
");
document.write(obj3 + "----" + typeof(obj3) + "
");
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码3:一元运算符
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>一元运算符title>
<script>
/* 1. 一元运算符:只有一个运算数的运算符。
* ++ -- , +(正好)
* ++ --; 自增 自减
* ++/-- 在前:先加1(减1) 再运算
* ++/-- 在后:先运算,后加1(减1) */
var num = 3;
var a = ++num;
document.write(num);//4
document.write(a);//4
document.write("
");
var b = +"123abc";
document.write(typeof (b));
document.write(b + 1 );
document.write("
");
var flag = +true;
var f2 = +false;
document.write(typeof (flag) + "
");//number
document.write(flag + "
");//1
document.write(f2 + "
");//0
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码4:算数运算符
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>算数运算符title>
<script>
var a = 3;
var b = 4;
document.write(a+b +"
");//7
document.write(a-b +"
");//-1
document.write(a*b +"
");//12
document.write(a/b +"
");//0.75 number可以代表小数
document.write(a%b +"
");//3
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码5:比较运算符
**DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>比较运算符title>
<script>
/*
比较运算符:
*/
document.write((3 > 4) + "
");
document.write(('abc' > 'acd') + "
");
document.write(("123" == 123) + "
");
document.write(("123" === 123) + "
");
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>2022/09/16、17 day05/06:HTML和CSS**
代码6:逻辑运算符
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>逻辑运算符title>
<script>
/*
逻辑运算符:
*/
var flag = true;
document.write(flag + "
");//true
document.write(!flag + "
");//false
document.write(false&&flag + "
");//false
document.write("
");
document.write(flag||false + "
");//true
document.write("
");
document.write("
");
//number转boolean
var num = 3;
var num2 = 0;
var num3 = NaN;
document.write(!!num + "
");//true
document.write(!!num2 + "
");//false
document.write(!!num3 + "
");//false
document.write("
");
//string转boolean
var str = "";
var str2 = "abc";
var str3 = "NaN";
document.write(!!str + "
");//false
document.write(!!str2 + "
");//true
document.write(!!str3 + "
");//true
document.write("
");
//null & undefined转boolean
var obj = null;
var obj2;
document.write(!!obj + "
");//false
document.write(!!obj2 + "
");//true
document.write("
");
//对象转boolean
var date = new Date();
document.write(!!date + "
");//true
document.write("
");
obj = "123";
if(obj != null && obj.length > 0){ alert(123);}//防止空指针异常
//JS中可以这样定义,来简化书写
if(obj){alert("abc");}//防止空指针异常,可以这么优化:
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码7:JS特殊语法
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>特殊语法title>
<script>
//1. 语句以;结尾,入股一行只有一条语句则;可以省略,但是不建议。
/*var a = 3;
alert(a);*/
/*
2.变量的定义使用var关键字,也可以不使用
* 用:定义的变量是局部变量。
* 不用:定义的变量是全局变量。(不建议使用)【作用范围不一样】
*/
/*b = 4;
alert(b);*/
function fun(){
b = 4 ;
}
fun();
alert(b);
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码8:流程控制语句-Switch
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Switch语句title>
<script>
var a = "abc";
switch (a){
case 1:
alert("number"); break;
case "abc":
alert("string"); break;
case true:
alert("true"); break;
case null:
alert("null"); break;
case undefined:
alert("undefined"); break;
}
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码9:流程控制语句–while
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>while语句title>
<script>
//1--100的和
var sum = 0 ;
var num = 1;
while(num <=100){
sum += num;
num++;
}
alert(sum);
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码10:流程控制语句–for
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>for语句title>
<script>
var sum = 0 ;
for(var i = 1; i<=100;i++){
sum += i;
}
alert(sum);
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
代码11:练习:99乘法表
DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>99乘法表title>
<style>
td{
border: 1px solid;
}
style>
<script>
document.write("");
//1. 完成基本的for循环嵌套,展示乘法表
for (var i = 1; i <= 9; i++) {
document.write("");
for (var j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
document.write("");
//输出 1*1 = 1
document.write(i + "*" + j + "=" + (i*j) + " ");
document.write(" ");
}
/*//输出换行
document.write("
")*/
document.write(" ");
}
//2. 完成表格嵌套
document.write("
")
script>
head>
<body>
body>
html>
——此文档为学习笔记!