• 【JavaWeb】注册页面验证码,用户名已存在,密码格式校验

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    🌈注册页面优化

    🎨代码优化

    注册时对数据库中的账号进行查询,提示用户是否存在

    使用第三方工具类生成验证码,并进行校验

    具体优化:

    • 📌同样遵循三层架构的分层思想模式,目的是为了“高内聚低耦合”
    • 📌在util工具包中添加第三方工具类CheckCodeUtil,用来生成验证码图片
    • 📌注册失败(用户名已存在,验证码填写错误,密码不规范)提示信息
    • 📌注册成功跳转登录界面,提示登录成功,进行登录

    🎨Web层

    🔎RegisterServlet

    1. package com.moming.web;
    2.  
    3. import com.moming.pojo.User;
    4. import com.moming.service.UserService;
    5. import com.moming.util.StandardPasswordUtil;
    6.  
    7. import javax.servlet.*;
    8. import javax.servlet.http.*;
    9. import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
    10. import java.io.IOException;
    11.  
    12. @WebServlet("/registerServlet")
    13. public class RegisterServlet extends HttpServlet {
    14.     UserService userService= new UserService();
    15.     StandardPasswordUtil standardPasswordUtil = new StandardPasswordUtil();
    16.     @Override
    17.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException {
    18.         //获取数据
    19.         String username = request.getParameter("username");
    20.         String password = request.getParameter("password");
    21.         //获取用户填写的验证码
    22.         String checkCode = request.getParameter("checkCode");
    23.         //封装数据
    24.         User user = new User();
    25.         user.setUsername(username);
    26.         user.setPassword(password);
    27.         //判断密码是否符合规范,调用工具类,判断密码是否是大小写字母、数字、特殊字符中的至少三种
    28.         boolean b = standardPasswordUtil.checkPasswordRule(password);
    29.         if(!b){
    30.             //密码格式错误,跳转到注册页面
    31.             request.setAttribute("msg1", "密码格式错误");
    32.             //转发
    33.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,response);
    34.             return;
    35.         }
    36.         //获取服务器域中的验证码
    37.         HttpSession session = request.getSession();
    38.         String checkCode1 = (String) session.getAttribute("checkCode");
    39.         //如果填写的验证码不一致直接退出,不再执行下面的代码
    40.         if(!checkCode.equalsIgnoreCase(checkCode1)){
    41.             //验证码不一致,跳转到注册页面
    42.             request.setAttribute("msg", "验证码填写错误");
    43.             //转发
    44.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,response);
    45.             return;
    46.         }
    47.         //调用service层
    48.         boolean f = userService.register(user);
    49.         if(f){
    50.             //注册成功,跳转到登录页面
    51.             request.setAttribute("msg", "注册成功,请登录");
    52.             //转发
    53.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
    54.         }else {
    55.             //注册失败,跳转到注册页面
    56.             request.setAttribute("msg", "用户名已存在");
    57.             //转发
    58.             request.getRequestDispatcher("/register.jsp").forward(request,response);
    59.         }
    60.  
    61.     }
    62.  
    63.     @Override
    64.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    65.         doGet(request, response);
    66.     }
    67. }

    🔎CheckCodeServlet

    1. package com.moming.web;
    2.  
    3. import com.moming.util.CheckCodeUtil;
    4.  
    5. import javax.servlet.*;
    6. import javax.servlet.http.*;
    7. import javax.servlet.annotation.*;
    8. import java.io.IOException;
    9.  
    10. @WebServlet("/checkCodeServlet")
    11. public class CheckCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    12.     @Override
    13.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    14.         //生成验证码
    15.         ServletOutputStream os = response.getOutputStream();
    16.         String checkCode = CheckCodeUtil.outputVerifyImage(100, 50, os, 4);
    17.         //存入session中
    18.         HttpSession session = request.getSession();
    19.         session.setAttribute("checkCode",checkCode);
    20.     }
    21.  
    22.     @Override
    23.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    24.         doGet(request, response);
    25.     }
    26. }

    🎨Service层

    🔎UserService

    1. package com.moming.service;
    2.  
    3. import com.moming.mapper.UserMapper;
    4. import com.moming.pojo.User;
    5. import com.moming.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
    6. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
    7. import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
    8.  
    9. public class UserService {
    10.     //通过工具类获取工厂对象
    11.     SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();
    12.     public User login(String username,String password){
    13.         //获取sqlSession
    14.         SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    15.         //获取mapper
    16.         UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    17.         //调用dao层
    18.         User user = mapper.selectUser(username, password);
    19.         sqlSession.close();
    20.         return user;
    21.     }
    22.     public boolean register(User user){
    23.         //获取sqlSession
    24.         SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    25.         //获取mapper
    26.         UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
    27.         //调用dao层
    28.         User user1 = mapper.selectUserName(user.getUsername());
    29.         //判断用户是否已存在,不存在就可以注册
    30.         if(user1==null){
    31.             mapper.insertUser(user);
    32.             sqlSession.commit();
    33.             sqlSession.close();
    34.         }
    35.         return user1==null;
    36.     }
    37. }

    🎨util工具包

    🔎CheckCodeUtil

    1. package com.moming.util;
    2.  
    3. import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
    4. import java.awt.*;
    5. import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
    6. import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
    7. import java.io.File;
    8. import java.io.FileOutputStream;
    9. import java.io.IOException;
    10. import java.io.OutputStream;
    11. import java.util.Arrays;
    12. import java.util.Random;
    13.  
    14. /**
    15.  * 生成验证码工具类
    16.  */
    17. public class CheckCodeUtil {
    18.  
    19.     public static final String VERIFY_CODES = "123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    20.     private static Random random = new Random();
    21.     
    22.     /**
    23.      * 输出随机验证码图片流,并返回验证码值（一般传入输出流，响应response页面端，Web项目用的较多）
    24.      *
    25.      * @param width 图片宽度
    26.      * @param height 图片高度
    27.      * @param os 输出流
    28.      * @param verifySize 数据长度
    29.      * @return 验证码数据
    30.      * @throws IOException
    31.      */
    32.     public static String outputVerifyImage(int width, int height, OutputStream os, int verifySize) throws IOException {
    33.         String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
    34.         outputImage(width, height, os, verifyCode);
    35.         return verifyCode;
    36.     }
    37.  
    38.     /**
    39.      * 使用系统默认字符源生成验证码
    40.      *
    41.      * @param verifySize 验证码长度
    42.      * @return
    43.      */
    44.     public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize) {
    45.         return generateVerifyCode(verifySize, VERIFY_CODES);
    46.     }
    47.  
    48.     /**
    49.      * 使用指定源生成验证码
    50.      *
    51.      * @param verifySize 验证码长度
    52.      * @param sources    验证码字符源
    53.      * @return
    54.      */
    55.     public static String generateVerifyCode(int verifySize, String sources) {
    56.         // 未设定展示源的字码，赋默认值大写字母+数字
    57.         if (sources == null || sources.length() == 0) {
    58.             sources = VERIFY_CODES;
    59.         }
    60.         int codesLen = sources.length();
    61.         Random rand = new Random(System.currentTimeMillis());
    62.         StringBuilder verifyCode = new StringBuilder(verifySize);
    63.         for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
    64.             verifyCode.append(sources.charAt(rand.nextInt(codesLen - 1)));
    65.         }
    66.         return verifyCode.toString();
    67.     }
    68.  
    69.     /**
    70.      * 生成随机验证码文件,并返回验证码值 (生成图片形式，用的较少)
    71.      *
    72.      * @param w
    73.      * @param h
    74.      * @param outputFile
    75.      * @param verifySize
    76.      * @return
    77.      * @throws IOException
    78.      */
    79.     public static String outputVerifyImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, int verifySize) throws IOException {
    80.         String verifyCode = generateVerifyCode(verifySize);
    81.         outputImage(w, h, outputFile, verifyCode);
    82.         return verifyCode;
    83.     }
    84.     
    85.     /**
    86.      * 生成指定验证码图像文件
    87.      *
    88.      * @param w
    89.      * @param h
    90.      * @param outputFile
    91.      * @param code
    92.      * @throws IOException
    93.      */
    94.     public static void outputImage(int w, int h, File outputFile, String code) throws IOException {
    95.         if (outputFile == null) {
    96.             return;
    97.         }
    98.         File dir = outputFile.getParentFile();
    99.         //文件不存在
    100.         if (!dir.exists()) {
    101.             //创建
    102.             dir.mkdirs();
    103.         }
    104.         try {
    105.             outputFile.createNewFile();
    106.             FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(outputFile);
    107.             outputImage(w, h, fos, code);
    108.             fos.close();
    109.         } catch (IOException e) {
    110.             throw e;
    111.         }
    112.     }
    113.  
    114.     /**
    115.      * 输出指定验证码图片流
    116.      *
    117.      * @param w
    118.      * @param h
    119.      * @param os
    120.      * @param code
    121.      * @throws IOException
    122.      */
    123.     public static void outputImage(int w, int h, OutputStream os, String code) throws IOException {
    124.         int verifySize = code.length();
    125.         BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
    126.         Random rand = new Random();
    127.         Graphics2D g2 = image.createGraphics();
    128.         g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
    129.  
    130.         // 创建颜色集合，使用java.awt包下的类
    131.         Color[] colors = new Color[5];
    132.         Color[] colorSpaces = new Color[]{Color.WHITE, Color.CYAN,
    133.                 Color.GRAY, Color.LIGHT_GRAY, Color.MAGENTA, Color.ORANGE,
    134.                 Color.PINK, Color.YELLOW};
    135.         float[] fractions = new float[colors.length];
    136.         for (int i = 0; i < colors.length; i++) {
    137.             colors[i] = colorSpaces[rand.nextInt(colorSpaces.length)];
    138.             fractions[i] = rand.nextFloat();
    139.         }
    140.         Arrays.sort(fractions);
    141.         // 设置边框色
    142.         g2.setColor(Color.GRAY);
    143.         g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
    144.  
    145.         Color c = getRandColor(200, 250);
    146.         // 设置背景色
    147.         g2.setColor(c);
    148.         g2.fillRect(0, 2, w, h - 4);
    149.  
    150.         // 绘制干扰线
    151.         Random random = new Random();
    152.         // 设置线条的颜色
    153.         g2.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
    154.         for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
    155.             int x = random.nextInt(w - 1);
    156.             int y = random.nextInt(h - 1);
    157.             int xl = random.nextInt(6) + 1;
    158.             int yl = random.nextInt(12) + 1;
    159.             g2.drawLine(x, y, x + xl + 40, y + yl + 20);
    160.         }
    161.  
    162.         // 添加噪点
    163.         // 噪声率
    164.         float yawpRate = 0.05f;
    165.         int area = (int) (yawpRate * w * h);
    166.         for (int i = 0; i < area; i++) {
    167.             int x = random.nextInt(w);
    168.             int y = random.nextInt(h);
    169.             // 获取随机颜色
    170.             int rgb = getRandomIntColor();
    171.             image.setRGB(x, y, rgb);
    172.         }
    173.         // 添加图片扭曲
    174.         shear(g2, w, h, c);
    175.  
    176.         g2.setColor(getRandColor(100, 160));
    177.         int fontSize = h - 4;
    178.         Font font = new Font("Algerian", Font.ITALIC, fontSize);
    179.         g2.setFont(font);
    180.         char[] chars = code.toCharArray();
    181.         for (int i = 0; i < verifySize; i++) {
    182.             AffineTransform affine = new AffineTransform();
    183.             affine.setToRotation(Math.PI / 4 * rand.nextDouble() * (rand.nextBoolean() ? 1 : -1), (w / verifySize) * i + fontSize / 2, h / 2);
    184.             g2.setTransform(affine);
    185.             g2.drawChars(chars, i, 1, ((w - 10) / verifySize) * i + 5, h / 2 + fontSize / 2 - 10);
    186.         }
    187.  
    188.         g2.dispose();
    189.         ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", os);
    190.     }
    191.  
    192.     /**
    193.      * 随机颜色
    194.      *
    195.      * @param fc
    196.      * @param bc
    197.      * @return
    198.      */
    199.     private static Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
    200.         if (fc > 255) {
    201.             fc = 255;
    202.         }
    203.         if (bc > 255) {
    204.             bc = 255;
    205.         }
    206.         int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    207.         int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    208.         int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
    209.         return new Color(r, g, b);
    210.     }
    211.  
    212.     private static int getRandomIntColor() {
    213.         int[] rgb = getRandomRgb();
    214.         int color = 0;
    215.         for (int c : rgb) {
    216.             color = color << 8;
    217.             color = color | c;
    218.         }
    219.         return color;
    220.     }
    221.  
    222.     private static int[] getRandomRgb() {
    223.         int[] rgb = new int[3];
    224.         for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
    225.             rgb[i] = random.nextInt(255);
    226.         }
    227.         return rgb;
    228.     }
    229.  
    230.     private static void shear(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
    231.         shearX(g, w1, h1, color);
    232.         shearY(g, w1, h1, color);
    233.     }
    234.  
    235.     private static void shearX(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
    236.  
    237.         int period = random.nextInt(2);
    238.  
    239.         boolean borderGap = true;
    240.         int frames = 1;
    241.         int phase = random.nextInt(2);
    242.  
    243.         for (int i = 0; i < h1; i++) {
    244.             double d = (double) (period >> 1)
    245.                     * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
    246.                     + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
    247.                     / (double) frames);
    248.             g.copyArea(0, i, w1, 1, (int) d, 0);
    249.             if (borderGap) {
    250.                 g.setColor(color);
    251.                 g.drawLine((int) d, i, 0, i);
    252.                 g.drawLine((int) d + w1, i, w1, i);
    253.             }
    254.         }
    255.  
    256.     }
    257.  
    258.     private static void shearY(Graphics g, int w1, int h1, Color color) {
    259.  
    260.         int period = random.nextInt(40) + 10; // 50;
    261.  
    262.         boolean borderGap = true;
    263.         int frames = 20;
    264.         int phase = 7;
    265.         for (int i = 0; i < w1; i++) {
    266.             double d = (double) (period >> 1)
    267.                     * Math.sin((double) i / (double) period
    268.                     + (6.2831853071795862D * (double) phase)
    269.                     / (double) frames);
    270.             g.copyArea(i, 0, 1, h1, 0, (int) d);
    271.             if (borderGap) {
    272.                 g.setColor(color);
    273.                 g.drawLine(i, (int) d, i, 0);
    274.                 g.drawLine(i, (int) d + h1, i, h1);
    275.             }
    276.  
    277.         }
    278.  
    279.     }
    280. }

    🔎StandardPasswordUtil

    1. package com.moming.util;
    2.  
    3.  
    4. public class StandardPasswordUtil {
    5.     //数字
    6.     public static final String REG_NUMBER = ".*\\d+.*";
    7.     //小写字母
    8.     public static final String REG_UPPERCASE = ".*[A-Z]+.*";
    9.     //大写字母
    10.     public static final String REG_LOWERCASE = ".*[a-z]+.*";
    11.     //特殊符号
    12.     public static final String REG_SYMBOL = ".*[~!@#$%^&*()_+|<>,.?/:;'\\[\\]{}\"]+.*";
    13.  
    14.     public static boolean checkPasswordRule(String password) {
    15.         //密码为空或者长度小于8位则返回false
    16.         if (password == null || password.length() < 8) return false;
    17.         int i = 0;
    18.         if (password.matches(REG_NUMBER)) i++;
    19.         if (password.matches(REG_LOWERCASE)) i++;
    20.         if (password.matches(REG_UPPERCASE)) i++;
    21.         if (password.matches(REG_SYMBOL)) i++;
    22.  
    23.         if (i < 3) return false;
    24.  
    25.         return true;
    26.  
    27.     }
    28. }

    🎨前端代码

    🔎register.css

    1. * {
    2.     margin: 0;
    3.     padding: 0;
    4.     list-style-type: none;
    5. }
    6. .reg-content{
    7.     padding: 20px;
    8.     margin: 3px;
    9. }
    10. a, img {
    11.     border: 0;
    12. }
    13.  
    14. body {
    15.     background-image: url("../imgs/img.png") ;
    16.     text-align: center;
    17. }
    18.  
    19. table {
    20.     border-collapse: collapse;
    21.     border-spacing: 0;
    22. }
    23.  
    24. td, th {
    25.     padding: 0;
    26.     height: 50px;
    27.  
    28. }
    29. .inputs{
    30.     vertical-align: top;
    31. }
    32.  
    33. .clear {
    34.     clear: both;
    35. }
    36.  
    37. .clear:before, .clear:after {
    38.     content: "";
    39.     display: table;
    40. }
    41.  
    42. .clear:after {
    43.     clear: both;
    44. }
    45.  
    46. .form-div {
    47.     background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.27);
    48.     border-radius: 10px;
    49.     border: 1px solid #aaa;
    50.     width: 424px;
    51.     margin-top: 100px;
    52.     margin-left:400px;
    53.     padding: 30px 0 20px 0px;
    54.     font-size: 16px;
    55.     box-shadow: inset 0px 0px 10px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5), 0px 0px 15px rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.3);
    56.     text-align: left;
    57. }
    58.  
    59. #username{
    60.     width: 268px;
    61.     margin: 10px;
    62.     line-height: 20px;
    63.     font-size: 16px;
    64. }
    65. #password{
    66.     width: 268px;
    67.     margin: 10px;
    68.     line-height: 20px;
    69.     font-size: 16px;
    70. }
    71. #checkCode{
    72.     width: 100px;
    73.     margin: 10px;
    74.     line-height: 20px;
    75.     font-size: 16px;
    76. }
    77.  
    78.   .form-div input[type="checkbox"] {
    79.     margin: 20px 0 20px 10px;
    80. }
    81.  
    82. .form-div input[type="button"], .form-div input[type="submit"] {
    83.     margin: 10px 20px 0 0;
    84. }
    85.  
    86. .form-div table {
    87.     margin: 0 auto;
    88.     text-align: right;
    89.     color: rgba(64, 64, 64, 1.00);
    90. }
    91.  
    92. .form-div table img {
    93.     vertical-align: middle;
    94.     margin: 0 0 5px 0;
    95. }
    96.  
    97. .footer {
    98.     color: rgba(64, 64, 64, 1.00);
    99.     font-size: 12px;
    100.     margin-top: 30px;
    101. }
    102.  
    103. .form-div .buttons {
    104.     float: right;
    105. }
    106.  
    107. input[type="text"], input[type="password"], input[type="email"] {
    108.     border-radius: 8px;
    109.     box-shadow: inset 0 2px 5px #eee;
    110.     padding: 10px;
    111.     border: 1px solid #D4D4D4;
    112.     color: #333333;
    113.     margin-top: 5px;
    114. }
    115.  
    116. input[type="text"]:focus, input[type="password"]:focus, input[type="email"]:focus {
    117.     border: 1px solid #50afeb;
    118.     outline: none;
    119. }
    120.  
    121. input[type="button"], input[type="submit"] {
    122.     padding: 7px 15px;
    123.     background-color: #3c6db0;
    124.     text-align: center;
    125.     border-radius: 5px;
    126.     overflow: hidden;
    127.     min-width: 80px;
    128.     border: none;
    129.     color: #FFF;
    130.     box-shadow: 1px 1px 1px rgba(75, 75, 75, 0.3);
    131. }
    132.  
    133. input[type="button"]:hover, input[type="submit"]:hover {
    134.     background-color: #5a88c8;
    135. }
    136.  
    137. input[type="button"]:active, input[type="submit"]:active {
    138.     background-color: #5a88c8;
    139. }
    140. .err_msg{
    141.     color: red;
    142.     padding-right: 170px;
    143. }
    144. #password_err,#tel_err{
    145.     padding-right: 195px;
    146. }
    147.  
    148. #reg_btn{
    149.     margin-right:50px; width: 285px; height: 45px; margin-top:20px;
    150.     font-size: 16px;
    151. }
    152. h1{
    153.     text-align: center;
    154. }

    🔎register.jsp

    1. <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
    2. html>
    3. <html lang="en">
    4. <head>
    5.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
    6.     <title>注册title>
    7.     <link href="css/register.css" rel="stylesheet">
    8. head>
    9. <body>
    10. <div class="form-div">
    11.     <div class="reg-content">
    12.         <h1>注册页面h1>
    13.         <span>已有帐号点击:span> <a href="login.html">登录a>
    14.     div>
    15.     <form id="reg-form" action="/moming/registerServlet" method="post">
    16.         <table>
    17.             <tr>
    18.                 <td>账号:td>
    19.                 <td class="inputs">
    20.                     <input name="username" type="text" id="username">
    21.                     <br>
    22.                     <span id="username_err" class="err_msg">${msg}span>
    23.                 td>
    24.             tr>
    25.             <tr>
    26.                 <td>密码:td>
    27.                 <td class="inputs">
    28.                     <input name="password" type="password" id="password">
    29.                     <br>
    30.                     <span id="password_err" class="err_msg">${msg1}span>
    31.                 td>
    32.             tr>
    33.             <tr>
    34.                 <td>验证码:td>
    35.                 <td class="inputs">
    36.                     <input name="checkCode" type="text" id="checkCode">
    37.                     <img id="img" src="/moming/checkCodeServlet">
    38.                     <a href="#" id="changeImg">看不清?a>
    39.                 td>
    40.             tr>
    41.         table>
    42.         <div class="buttons">
    43.             <input value="注 册" type="submit" id="reg_btn">
    44.         div>
    45.         <br class="clear">
    46.     form>
    47. div>
    48. <script>
    49.     document.getElementById("changeImg").onclick = function () {
    50.         /*解决浏览器缓冲问题*/
    51.         let milliseconds = new Date().getMilliseconds();
    52.         document.getElementById("img").src="/moming/checkCodeServlet?"+milliseconds;
    53.     }
    54. script>
    55. body>
    56. html>

    💦 总结说明

    到此登录注册案例差不多已经完成了,后续的案例拓展可以通过SuccessServlet进行拓展,即登录成功后跳转到其他页面页面,在上述优化代码中,主要是对第三方工具的使用,其中在验证码更换图片中,有个url处理就是做了一个时间拼接,目的是为了解决浏览器的缓存,还有就是在密码格式校验使用了正则表达式.

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/HeyVIrBbox/article/details/126807473