• 树莓派4B（Ubuntu20.04）使用LCD1602液晶屏开机自动显示IP及其他信息

    给树莓派4B装了Ubuntu20.04当做便携服务器在使用，为了便携，自然是不接网线使用WiFi，不接显示屏使用SSH远程连接工具，那就面临一个问题，在没有固定分配IP的情况下，怎么不通过接显示器获取IP用来远程连接呢？搜索看了下，最方便的应该就是开机自启自动显示IP等信息了。

    在这里插入图片描述

    • Ubuntu20.04 Python环境下，获取IP、磁盘存储占用等配置信息
      • 获取IP
      import socket
def getIP():
	ip = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
	return 'IP：'+ str(ip)

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      • 获取MAC
      import uuid
def getMAC():
	node = uuid.getnode()
	macHex = uuid.UUID(int=node).hex[-12:]
	MAC = []
	for i in range(len(macHex))[::2]:
		MAC.append(macHex[i:i+2])
	MAC =':'.join(MAC)
	return 'MAC：' + str(MAC)

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      • 获取磁盘占用
      import os
def getDisk():
	 disk = os.statvfs("/")
	 disk_size = disk.f_bsize * disk.f_blocks / (1024 ** 3)  # 1G = 1024M  1M = 1024KB 1KB = 1024bytes
	 sizeStr = str("%s" % format(disk_size, '.2f'))
	 disk_used = disk.f_bsize * (disk.f_blocks - disk.f_bfree) / (1024 ** 3)
	 usedStr = str("%s" % format(disk_used, '.2f'))
	 return usedStr +  "/" + sizeStr

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    • 接入OLED屏幕，点亮屏幕显示 
      import time
import smbus
BUS = smbus.SMBus(1)
LCD_ADDR = 0x27
BLEN = 1 #turn on/off background light
def turn_light(key):
    global BLEN
    BLEN = key
    if key ==1 :
        BUS.write_byte(LCD_ADDR ,0x08)
    else:
        BUS.write_byte(LCD_ADDR ,0x00)
def write_word(addr, data):
    global BLEN
    temp = data
    if BLEN == 1:
        temp |= 0x08
    else:
        temp &= 0xF7
    BUS.write_byte(addr ,temp)
def send_command(comm):
    # Send bit7-4 firstly
    buf = comm & 0xF0
    buf |= 0x04               # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    time.sleep(0.002)
    buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    # Send bit3-0 secondly
    buf = (comm & 0x0F) << 4
    buf |= 0x04               # RS = 0, RW = 0, EN = 1
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    time.sleep(0.002)
    buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
def send_data(data):
    # Send bit7-4 firstly
    buf = data & 0xF0
    buf |= 0x05               # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    time.sleep(0.002)
    buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    # Send bit3-0 secondly
    buf = (data & 0x0F) << 4
    buf |= 0x05               # RS = 1, RW = 0, EN = 1
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
    time.sleep(0.002)
    buf &= 0xFB               # Make EN = 0
    write_word(LCD_ADDR ,buf)
def init_lcd():
    try:
        send_command(0x33) # Must initialize to 8-line mode at first
        time.sleep(0.005)
        send_command(0x32) # Then initialize to 4-line mode
        time.sleep(0.005)
        send_command(0x28) # 2 Lines & 5*7 dots
        time.sleep(0.005)
        send_command(0x0C) # Enable display without cursor
        time.sleep(0.005)
        send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen
        BUS.write_byte(LCD_ADDR ,0x08)
    except:
        return False
    else:
        return True
def clear_lcd():
    send_command(0x01) # Clear Screen
def print_lcd(x, y, str):
    if x < 0:
        x = 0
    if x > 15:
        x = 15
    if y <0:
        y = 0
    if y > 1:
        y = 1
    # Move cursor
    addr = 0x80 + 0x40 * y + x
    send_command(addr)
    for chr in str:
        send_data(ord(chr))
if __name__ == '__main__':
    init_lcd()
    print_lcd(0, 0, 'Hello, world!')

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      • 点亮显示
      #!/user/bin/env python 
import smbus
import datetime
import time
import pytz as pytz
import sys
import LCD1602 as LCD
import os
import socket
import uuid
def getIP():
	ip = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
	return 'IP：'+ str(ip)
def getMAC():
	node = uuid.getnode()
	macHex = uuid.UUID(int=node).hex[-12:]
	MAC = []
	for i in range(len(macHex))[::2]:
		MAC.append(macHex[i:i+2])
	MAC =':'.join(MAC)
	return 'MAC：' + str(MAC)
def getDisk():
	 disk = os.statvfs("/")
	 disk_size = disk.f_bsize * disk.f_blocks / (1024 ** 3)  # 1G = 1024M  1M = 1024KB 1KB = 1024bytes
	 sizeStr = str("%s" % format(disk_size, '.2f'))
	 disk_used = disk.f_bsize * (disk.f_blocks - disk.f_bfree) / (1024 ** 3)
	 usedStr = str("%s" % format(disk_used, '.2f'))
	 return usedStr +  "/" + sizeStr
if __name__ == '__main__':  
    LCD.init_lcd()
    time.sleep(1)
    ipStr = getIP()
    LCD.print_lcd(0, 0, ipStr)
    for x in range(1, 4):
        LCD.turn_light(0)
        LCD.print_lcd(4, 1, 'LIGHT OFF')
        time.sleep(0.5)
        LCD.turn_light(1)
        LCD.print_lcd(4, 1, 'LIGHT ON ')
        time.sleep(0.5)
    LCD.turn_light(0)
    while True:
        tz = pytz.timezone('Asia/Shanghai')  # 东八区
        show = getDisk() + " " + str(datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(int(time.time()), tz).strftime('%H:%M'))
        LCD.print_lcd(0, 1, show )
        time.sleep(0.2)

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    • 设置开机自启动
      • 建立rc-local.service文件，如果存在的话可以不用创建
        sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/rc-local.service
      • 将下列内容复制进rc-local.service文件
        [Unit]
Description=/etc/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionPathExists=/etc/rc.local
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
StandardOutput=tty
RemainAfterExit=yes
SysVStartPriority=99
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

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      • 创建文件rc.local
        sudo vim /etc/rc.local
      • 将下列内容复制进rc.local文件（对应脚本的位置和虚拟环境的位置自行修改）
        #!/bin/sh -e
##
## rc.local
##
## This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
## Make sure that the script will "exit 0" on success or any other
## value on error.
##
## In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
## bits.
##
## By default this script does nothing.
# eaudio --start
nohup /root/.virtualenvs/dj3/bin/python3 -u /opt/pi/getpi.py > test.out 2>&1 &

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      • 给rc.local加上权限
        sudo chmod +x /etc/rc.local
      • 启用服务
        sudo systemctl enable rc-local
      • 启动服务并检查状态
        sudo systemctl start rc-local.service
        sudo systemctl status rc-local.service
      • 重启系统测试
        reboot
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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_40929065/article/details/126685611