centos7安装msSQLserver数据库

数据库安装：
sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/mssql-server.repo https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/mssql-server-2019.repo     --将SQL2019源更新到yum库中

脱机安装：适用于网络情况不好的地方
mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm
sudo yum localinstall mssql-server-15.0.4249.2-1.x86_64.rpm
--这里的mssql-server_versionnumber.x86_64.rpm包我用的是mssql-server-15.0.4249.2-1.x86_64.rpm
资源放到：https://download.csdn.net/download/leonnew/86507024
或者rpm -qpR mssql-server-15.0.4249.2-1.x86_64.rpm

安装工具
msodbcsql-.rpm
https://download.csdn.net/download/leonnew/86507068
sudo yum localinstall msodbcsql18-18.1.1.1-1.x86_64.rpm
mssql-tools-.rpm
https://download.csdn.net/download/leonnew/86507072
sudo yum localinstall mssql-tools18-18.1.1.1-1.x86_64.rpm
或者
rpm -qpR msodbcsql18-18.1.1.1-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -qpRmssql-tools18-18.1.1.1-1.x86_64.rpm

sudo yum makecache     --更新系统缓存

sudo yum install -y mssql-server     --安装数据库

rpm -qi mssql-server        --查询安装包信息

sudo /opt/mssql/bin/mssql-conf setup         --进行数据库配置

Choose an edition of SQL Server: 
  1) Evaluation (free, no production use rights, 180-day limit) 
  2) Developer (free, no production use rights) 
  3) Express (free) --注意最大可达10G
  4) Web (PAID) 
  5) Standard (PAID) 
  6) Enterprise (PAID) 
  7) Enterprise Core (PAID) 
  8) I bought a license through a retail sales channel and have a product key to enter.

选择2-Developer(免费)

补充内容：

关于2017版本官方解释

https://www.microsoft.com/zh-cn/sql-server/sql-server-2017?rtc=1

SQL Server 2019 各版本区别

规模限制

接受许可协议
The license terms for this product can be found in 
/usr/share/doc/mssql-server or downloaded from: 
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=855862&clcid=0x409 
 
The privacy statement can be viewed at: 
https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=853010&clcid=0x409 
 
Do you accept the license terms? [Yes/No]:Yes 

设置管理员密码
Enter the SQL Server system administrator password:  
Confirm the SQL Server system administrator password: 
Configuring SQL Server... 
 
sqlservr: This program requires a machine with at least 2000 megabytes of memory. 
/opt/mssql/bin/sqlservr: This program requires a machine with at least 2000 megabytes of memory. 
 
Initial setup of Microsoft SQL Server failed. Please consult the ERRORLOG 
in /var/opt/mssql/log for more information. 

使用 unixODBC 开发包安装 mssql-tools
sudo curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/msprod.repo https://packages.microsoft.com/config/rhel/7/prod.repo 
sudo yum -y install mssql-tools unixODBC-devel 

PS：centos7有可能安装失败。直接用rpm -i安装离线包先装msodbcsql18再装msql-tools就可以了

启动 mssql-server 服务
sudo systemctl start mssql-server 
sudo systemctl enable mssql-server 

sudo systemctl status mssql-server

PS: 如果安装到虚拟机里面内存最低2G，我在这里启动不了找了好久原因，最后发现是这个问题。

添加/opt/mssql/bin/ 到您的 $PATH 变量：
echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mssql/bin:/opt/mssql-tools/bin' | sudo tee /etc/profile.d/mssql.sh 
交互式会话环境变量添加
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bash_profile
非交互式会话环境变量添加
echo 'export PATH="$PATH:/opt/mssql-tools/bin"' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

PS：centos7使用离线安装包环境变量是/opt/mssql-tools18/bin/

获取文件以在当前 shell 会话中开始使用 MS SQL 可执行二进制文件
source /etc/profile.d/mssql.sh 

防火墙规则
sudo  firewall-cmd --add-port=1433/tcp --permanent 
sudo  firewall-cmd --reload 

测试 验证连接SQL Server

PS：这里有可能连接出现问题，
Sqlcmd: Error: Microsoft ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server : SSL Provider: [error:1416F086:SSL routines:tls_process_server_certificate:certificate verify failed:self signed certificate].
Sqlcmd: Error: Microsoft ODBC Driver 18 for SQL Server : Client unable to establish connection.
是因为客户端没有信任服务器证书不能进行验证
可以加参数-C跳过验证，等同于ADO.NET 选项TRUSTSERVERCERTIFICATE = true

$ sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA 
1> select name from sysusers; 
2> go 

创建测试库

PS：默认创建的库排序规则有点问题，这里补充一下知识点
1.排序规则
Chinese_PRC_CS_AS  中文区分大小写
Chinese_PRC_CI_AS   中文不区分大小写
 
2.更改数据库默认排序规则
ALTER   DATABASE   db701d7f15901a4dc2811ca2800087b4b9 
COLLATE   Chinese_PRC_CI_AS

PS：再补充一个创建数据库的时候兼容级别的问题

# Create new 
CREATE DATABASE testDB 
SELECT Name from sys.Databases 
GO 
USE testDB 
CREATE TABLE Inventory (id INT, name NVARCHAR(50), quantity INT) 
INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (1, 'banana', 150); 
INSERT INTO Inventory VALUES (2, 'orange', 154); 
GO 
SELECT * FROM Inventory LIMIT 1; 
或者
SELECT * FROM dbo.Inventory
WHERE quantity > 152;

显示库
1> select name,database_id from sys.databases; 
2> go 

删除库
1> drop database testDB; 
2> go 

卸载SQL server
sudo yum remove mssql-server
sudo rm -rf /var/opt/mssql/