目录
3.第二种 通过 HandlerExceptionResovler 接口实现全局异常
4.第三种使用@ControllerAdvice+@ExceptionHandler 实现全局异常
① 返回 List
② 返回 List
③ 返回 T
④ 返回 Map
⑤ 返回混合
⑥ 返回 JSON 字符串
json的形式
{} ——>json对象 T Map
[] ——>josn数组 ListList SpringMVC框架如何产生上述三种格式的数据
1.导入pom依赖
2.配置SpringMVC.xml 配置适配器
作用是做json数据转换的
3.使用注解@responseBody 能够将任何的数据转成json对象
1. 导入pom依赖
- <!-- 用来SpringMVC支持json数据转换-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
- <version>2.9.3</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
- <version>2.9.3</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
- <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
- <version>2.9.3</version>
- </dependency>
2. springmvc-servlet.xml 配置
添加我们的适配器,我们把昨天的拦截器先注解,为了掩饰效果
- <!-- 支持json数据返回的适配器 固定的一个配置-->
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter">
- <property name="messageConverters">
- <list>
- <ref bean="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"/>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <bean id="mappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"
- class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
- <!--处理中文乱码以及避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件-->
- <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
- <list>
- <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
- <value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
- <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
这里演示的是返回 JSON 字符串
3.我们新建一个class类
jsonController.java 
运行结果如图所示:
我们在去打开上面的注解,在运行一下如图所示:

运行结果如图所示:

它这里运行出来的结果就不一样了,它把我们直接返回的界面,它把它看做成了是一个字符串了
后面的返回我们就直接一次性的写完了,等下一一来演示
ClazzBiz.java
- package com.zking.ssm.biz;
-
- import com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz;
- import com.zking.ssm.util.PageBean;
-
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- public interface ClazzBiz {
- int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
-
- int insert(Clazz record);
-
- int insertSelective(Clazz record);
-
- Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
-
- int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);
-
- int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
-
- List
listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean); -
- List
- }
实现我们的方法 ClazzBizImpl.java
- package com.zking.ssm.biz.impl;
-
- import com.zking.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
- import com.zking.ssm.mapper.ClazzMapper;
- import com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz;
- import com.zking.ssm.util.PageBean;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-18 16:42
- */
- @Service
- public class ClazzBizImpl implements ClazzBiz {
- @Autowired
- private ClazzMapper clazzMapper;
-
- @Override
- public int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
- return clazzMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(cid);
- }
-
- @Override
- public int insert(Clazz record) {
- return clazzMapper.insert(record);
- }
-
- @Override
- public int insertSelective(Clazz record) {
- return clazzMapper.insertSelective(record);
- }
-
- @Override
- public Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid) {
- return clazzMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(cid);
- }
-
- @Override
- public int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record) {
- return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKeySelective(record);
- }
-
- @Override
- public int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record) {
- return clazzMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(record);
- }
-
- @Override
- public List
listPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) { - return clazzMapper.listPager(clazz);
- }
-
- @Override
- public List
- return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
- }
-
-
- }
添加我们一个查询方法 ClazzMapper.xml
- <select id="listMapPager" resultType="java.util.Map" parameterType="com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz" >
- select
- <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
- from t_struts_class
- <where>
- <if test="cname != null and cname != ''">
- and cname like CONCAT('%',#{cname},'%')
- </if>
- <if test="cid != null and cname != ''">
- and cid = #{cid}
- </if>
- </where>
- </select>
ClazzMapper.java 去添加方法
- package com.zking.ssm.mapper;
-
- import com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
-
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- @Repository
- public interface ClazzMapper {
- int deleteByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
-
- int insert(Clazz record);
-
- int insertSelective(Clazz record);
-
- Clazz selectByPrimaryKey(Integer cid);
-
- int updateByPrimaryKeySelective(Clazz record);
-
- int updateByPrimaryKey(Clazz record);
-
- List
listPager(Clazz clazz); -
- List
- }
jsonController.java
- package com.zking.ssm.controller;
-
- import com.zking.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
- import com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz;
- import com.zking.ssm.util.PageBean;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-22 17:18
- */
- @Controller
- @RequestMapping("/clz/json")
- public class jsonController {
-
- @Autowired
- private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;
-
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("clzEdit")
- public String clzEdit(){
- System.out.println("jsonController.clzEdit");
- return "clzEdit";
- }
-
- // list
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("list")
- public List
list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){ - PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 [{},{}]
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
- }
-
- // list
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("listMap")
- public List
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 [{},{}]
- return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean);
- }
-
- // Map
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("map")
- public Map map(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 {}
- return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
- }
-
- // T
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("load")
- public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- // http:localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 {}
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
- }
-
- // {
- // msg:"",
- // code:20,
- // data:[],
- // PageBean:{}
- // } ——>json混合对象
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("hunhe")
- public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- List
lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean); - Map map = new HashMap();
- map.put("data",lst);
- map.put("pageBean",pageBean);
- // 返回 {[{},{}]}
- return map;
- }
- }
index.jsp
- <%--
- Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
- User: zjjt
- Date: 2022/8/22
- Time: 18:29
- To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
- --%>
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>测试json数据返回</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/list">返回list<T>对象</a><hr>
- <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/listMap">返回list<Map>对象</a><hr>
- <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/load?cid=1">返回T对象</a><hr>
- <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/map?cid=1">返回Map对象</a><hr>
- <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/clz/json/hunhe">返回混合对象</a><hr>
- </body>
- </html>
运行结果如图所示:
我们一一测试一下看看返回的数据是怎样的如图所示: 返回list

返回list

返回T对象
返回Map对象
返回混合对象

一般我们在实际开发中,不太会把 @ResponseBody 加在方法上,因为我们做json数据交互的话,通常整个类的方法都是返回json数据,如果是按照我们上面的那样的方法每一个方法上都要加@ResponseBody 这就导致了有点嫌弃,所以我们要加到类上面
@ResponseBody+@Controller=(等价于)@RestController
jsonController.java
- package com.zking.ssm.controller;
-
- import com.zking.ssm.biz.ClazzBiz;
- import com.zking.ssm.model.Clazz;
- import com.zking.ssm.util.PageBean;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-22 17:18
- */
- @RestController
- @RequestMapping("/clz/json")
- public class jsonController {
-
- @Autowired
- private ClazzBiz clazzBiz;
-
- @RequestMapping("clzEdit")
- public String clzEdit(){
- System.out.println("jsonController.clzEdit");
- return "clzEdit";
- }
-
- // list
- @RequestMapping("list")
- public List
list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){ - PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 [{},{}]
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
- }
-
- // list
- @RequestMapping("listMap")
- public List
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 [{},{}]
- return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean);
- }
-
- // Map
- @ResponseBody
- @RequestMapping("map")
- public Map map(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 {}
- return this.clazzBiz.listMapPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
- }
-
- // T
- @RequestMapping("load")
- public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- // http:localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 {}
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
- }
-
- // {
- // msg:"",
- // code:20,
- // data:[],
- // PageBean:{}
- // } ——>json混合对象
- @RequestMapping("hunhe")
- public Map hunhe(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- List
lst = this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz, pageBean); - Map map = new HashMap();
- map.put("data",lst);
- map.put("pageBean",pageBean);
- // 返回 {[{},{}]}
- return map;
- }
- }
我们在去运行一下结果还是跟上面一样的
什么时候我们用最开始上面的那种方式?
就是在类上面去加@Controller,在方法上加@ResponseBody,这种形式是你在类上面即有返回json数据又有返回跳转页面的,那么才会使用最原始的方法,要根据情况来的,一般而且我们@RestController 这种形式,只有返回json数据的,所有的前端框架都是返回json数据的,无刷新分页,提高我们的用户的体验感。
我们知道,系统中异常包括:编译时异常和运行时异常RuntimeException,前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息,后者主要通过规范代码开发、测试通过手段减少运行时异常的发生。在开发中,不管是dao层、service层还是controller层,都有可能抛出异常,在springmvc中,能将所有类型的异常处理从各处理过程解耦出来,既保证了相关处理过程的功能较单一,也实现了异常信息的统一处理和维护。
参考images中的《springmvc全局异常处理思路.png》
系统的dao、service、controller出现异常都通过throws Exception向上抛出,最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理。springmvc提供全局异常处理器(一个系统只有一个异常处理器)进行统一异常处理。
1)使用Spring MVC提供的简单异常处理器SimpleMappingExceptionResolver;
2)实现Spring的异常处理接口HandlerExceptionResolver自定义自己的异常处理器;
3)使用@ControllerAdvice + @ExceptionHandler
解析:
1.springmvc.xml中进行统一配置及处理
2.实现接口管理
3.@controllerAdvice
相关代码 Controller层 jsonController.java
- // list
- @RequestMapping("list")
- public List<Clazz> list(HttpServletRequest request,Clazz clazz){
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- if(true)
- throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于jsonController.list....");
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- // 返回 [{},{}]
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean);
- }
service层 ClazzBizImpl.java
- @Override
- public List<Map> listMapPager(Clazz clazz, PageBean pageBean) {
- if(true)
- throw new RuntimeException("查询班级信息异常,异常存在于ClazzBizImpl.list....");
- return clazzMapper.listMapPager(clazz);
- }
运行结果如图所示:

list

list

SpringMVC的配置文件,在我们的日常开发中,不太会用
springmvc.servlet.xml
-
- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
-
- <property name="defaultErrorView" value="error"/>
-
- <property name="exceptionAttribute" value="ex"/>
-
- <property name="exceptionMappings">
- <props>
- <prop key="java.lang.RuntimeException">errorprop>
- props>
-
- property>
- bean>

error.jsp
- <%--
- Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
- User: zjjt
- Date: 2022/8/22
- Time: 19:47
- To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
- --%>
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>错误信息页面</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <%--这里就ex就取决于我们刚刚那个上面那个接收值--%>
- ${ex}
- </body>
- </html>
运行一下如图所示:我们最开始是的报错效果,是让用户的体验是非常差的。

这个时候我们就采用了第二种和第三种方式,这两种是我们最常见的
先将上面的SpringMVC中关于异常处理的配置取消掉 我的类名是springmvc-servlet.xml
全局异常 GlobalException.java
- package com.zking.ssm.exception;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-22 20:07
- */
- public class GlobalException extends RuntimeException{
- public GlobalException() {
- }
-
- public GlobalException(String message) {
- super(message);
- }
-
- public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause) {
- super(message, cause);
- }
-
- public GlobalException(Throwable cause) {
- super(cause);
- }
-
- public GlobalException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
- super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
- }
- }
异常处理器 GlobalHandlerExceptionResovler.java
- package com.zking.ssm.exception;
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
-
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-22 20:13
- *
- * 处理全局异常的解析器
- */
- @Component
- public class GlobalHandlerExceptionResovler implements HandlerExceptionResolver {
- /**
- * @param httpServletRequest
- * @param httpServletResponse
- * @param o 目标对象
- * @param e 目标对象执行,出现的异常对象
- * @return
- */
- @Override
- public ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest,
- HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse,
- Object o, Exception e) {
- ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
- mv.setViewName("error");
- if(e instanceof GlobalException){
- GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
- mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
- mv.addObject("msg","全局异常,错误码501");
- }
- else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
- RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
- mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
- mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常,错误码601");
- }
- return mv;
- }
- }
测试代码controller层的改变
jsonController.java
- // T
- @RequestMapping("load")
- public Clazz load(HttpServletRequest request, Clazz clazz){
- // http:localhost:8080/clz/json/load?cid=2
- PageBean pageBean = new PageBean();
- pageBean.setRequest(request);
- if(true)
- throw new GlobalException("系统繁忙,请参考E007");
- // 返回 {}
- return this.clazzBiz.listPager(clazz,pageBean).get(0);
- }
运行结果如图所示:


从新写一个类 GlobalExceptionResolver.java
- package com.zking.ssm.exception;
-
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-23 11:18
- */
- @ControllerAdvice
- public class GlobalExceptionResolver {
-
- // @ExceptionHandler:异常处理器 固定的叫handler
- @ExceptionHandler
- public ModelAndView handler(Exception e) {
- ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
- mv.setViewName("error");
- if(e instanceof GlobalException){
- GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
- mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
- mv.addObject("msg","全局异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
- }
- else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
- RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
- mv.addObject("ex",exception.getMessage());
- mv.addObject("msg","运行时异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
- }
- return mv;
- }
- }
运行结果跟我们上面一样的,这里我就展示一个界面的,为了区别它调用的那边的方法

把我们的注解注释掉,它下面的方法就不生效了,如图所示:

写一个类叫 GlobalExceptionResolver2.java
- package com.zking.ssm.exception;
-
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
- import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
-
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- /**
- * @author 敢敢
- * @site www.javajwj.com
- * @company xxx公司
- * @create 2022-08-23 11:18
- *
- * 当出现异常,统一向前端响应错误信息的json对象数据
- */
- @RestControllerAdvice
- public class GlobalExceptionResolver2 {
-
- // @ExceptionHandler:异常处理器 固定的叫handler
- @ExceptionHandler
- public Map handler(Exception e) {
- Map map = new HashMap();
- if(e instanceof GlobalException){
- GlobalException exception = (GlobalException) e;
- map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
- map.put("msg","全局异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码501");
- }
- else if(e instanceof RuntimeException){
- RuntimeException exception = (RuntimeException) e;
- map.put("ex",exception.getMessage());
- map.put("msg","运行时异常 GlobalExceptionResolver,错误码601");
- }
- return map;
- }
- }
运行结果如图所示: 返回的都是我们的json数据了,这就是我们以后要用的。



