目录
🦆使用HiddenHttpMethodFilter处理put和delete请求
⭐HiddenHttpMethodFilter 处理put和delete请求的条件:

REST:Representational State Transfer,表现层资源状态转移。
RESTFUL:是一种网络应用程序的设计风格和开发方式,基于HTTP,可以使用XML格式定义或JSON格式定义。RESTFUL适用于移动互联网厂商作为业务接口的场景,实现第三方OTT调用移动网络资源的功能,动作类型为新增、变更、删除所调用资源
资源是一种看待服务器的方式,即,将服务器看作是由很多离散的资源组成。
每个资源是服务器上一个可命名的抽象概念。
因为资源是一个抽象的概念,所以它不仅仅能代表服务器文件系统中的一个文件、 数据库中的一张表等等具体的东西,可以将资源设计的要多抽象有多抽象,只要想象力允许而且客户端 应用开发者能够理解。
与面向对象设计类似,资源是以名词为核心来组织的,首先关注的是名词。
一个资源可以由一个或多个URI来标识。URI既是资源的名称,也是资源在Web上的地址。对某个资源感兴趣的客户端应用,可以通过资源的URI与其进行交互。
资源的表述是一段对于资源在某个特定时刻的状态的描述。
可以在客户端-服务器端之间转移(交 换)。资源的表述可以有多种格式,例如HTML/XML/JSON/纯文本/图片/视频/音频等等。资源的表述格式可以通过协商机制来确定。
请求 —— 响应方向的表述通常使用不同的格式。
在客户端和服务器端之间转移(transfer)代表资源状态的表述。
通过转移和操作资源的表述,来间接实现操作资源的目的。
HTTP 协议里面,四个表示操作方式的动词:GET(获取资源)、POST(新建资源)、PUT(更新资源)、DELETE(删除资源)。
REST 风格提倡 URL 地址使用统一的风格设计,从前到后各个单词使用斜杠分开,不使用问号键值对方式携带请求参数,而是将要发送给服务器的数据作为 URL 地址的一部分,以保证整体风格的一致性。

- <web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
- version="4.0">
-
-
- <filter>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>encodingparam-name>
- <param-value>UTF-8param-value>
- init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>forceEncodingparam-name>
- <param-value>trueparam-value>
- init-param>
- filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilterfilter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
- filter-mapping>
-
-
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name>
- <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>contextConfigLocationparam-name>
- <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC.xmlparam-value>
- init-param>
- <load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>
- servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>SpringMVCservlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/url-pattern>
- servlet-mapping>
- web-app>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
-
-
- <context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu.controller">context:component-scan>
-
- <bean id="viewResolver"
- class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
- <property name="order" value="1"/>
- <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
- <property name="templateEngine">
- <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
- <property name="templateResolver">
- <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
-
-
-
-
- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>
-
- <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
- <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
- <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
- bean>
- property>
- bean>
- property>
- bean>
-
-
- <mvc:annotation-driven/>
-
- <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index">mvc:view-controller>
- beans>
- /**
- * 查询所有的用户信息 ——> /user ——> get
- * 根据id查询用户信息 ——> /user/1 ——> get
- * 添加用户信息 ——> /user ——> post
- * 修改用户信息 ——> /user ——> put
- * 删除用户信息 ——> /user/1 ——> delete
- */
- @Controller
- public class TestRestController {
- }
- html>
- <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>首页title>
- head>
-
- <body>
- <h1>index.htmlh1>
- <a th:href="@{/user}">查询所有的用户信息a><br>
- <a th:href="@{/user/1}">查询id为1的用户信息a><br>
- <form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
- <input type="submit" value="添加用户信息">
- form>
- <form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
- <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
- <input type="submit" value="修改用户信息">
- form>
- <form th:action="@{/user/5}" method="post">
- <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
- <input type="submit" value="删除用户信息">
- form>
- body>
- html>
- package com.atguigu.controller;
-
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
-
- /**
- * 查询所有的用户信息 ——> /user ——> get
- * 根据id查询用户信息 ——> /user/1 ——> get
- * 添加用户信息 ——> /user ——> post
- * 修改用户信息 ——> /user ——> put
- * 删除用户信息 ——> /user/1 ——> delete
- */
- @Controller
- public class TestRestController {
- // @RequestMapping(value = "/user",method = RequestMethod.GET)
- @GetMapping("/user")
- public String getAllUser(){
- System.out.println("查询所有的用户信息 ——> /user ——> get");
- return "success";
- }
- // @RequestMapping(value = "/user/{id}",method = RequestMethod.GET)
- @GetMapping("/user/{id}")
- //获取请求参数
- public String getUserById(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
- System.out.println("根据id查询用户信息 ——> /user/" + id +" ——> get");
- return "success";
- }
-
- // @RequestMapping(value = "/user",method = RequestMethod.POST)
- @PostMapping("/user")
- public String insertUser(){
- System.out.println("添加用户信息 ——> /user ——> post");
- return "success";
- }
-
- // @RequestMapping(value = "/user",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
- @PutMapping("/user")
- public String updateUser(){
- System.out.println("修改用户信息 ——> /user ——> put");
- return "success";
- }
-
- // @RequestMapping(value = "/user/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
- @DeleteMapping("/user/{id}")
- public String deleteUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
- System.out.println("删除用户信息 ——> /user/" + id +"——> delete");
- return "success";
- }
- }
由于浏览器只支持发送get和post方式的请求,那么该如何发送put和delete请求呢?
SpringMVC 提供了 HiddenHttpMethodFilter 帮助我们将 POST 请求转换为 DELETE 或 PUT 请求
满足以上条件,HiddenHttpMethodFilter 过滤器就会将当前请求的请求方式转换为请求参数 _method的值,因此请求参数_method的值才是最终的请求方式
在web.xml中注册HiddenHttpMethodFilter
- <filter>
- <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-name>
- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-class>
- filter>
- <filter-mapping>
- <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilterfilter-name>
- <url-pattern>/*url-pattern>
- filter-mapping>
- public class HiddenHttpMethodFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
- private static final List
ALLOWED_METHODS; - public static final String DEFAULT_METHOD_PARAM = "_method";
- private String methodParam = "_method";
-
- public HiddenHttpMethodFilter() {
- }
-
- public void setMethodParam(String methodParam) {
- Assert.hasText(methodParam, "'methodParam' must not be empty");
- this.methodParam = methodParam;
- }
-
- protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
- HttpServletRequest requestToUse = request;
- if ("POST".equals(request.getMethod()) && request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception") == null) {
- String paramValue = request.getParameter(this.methodParam);
- if (StringUtils.hasLength(paramValue)) {
- String method = paramValue.toUpperCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
- if (ALLOWED_METHODS.contains(method)) {
- requestToUse = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter.HttpMethodRequestWrapper(request, method);
- }
- }
- }
-
- filterChain.doFilter((ServletRequest)requestToUse, response);
- }
-
- static {
- ALLOWED_METHODS = Collections.unmodifiableList(Arrays.asList(HttpMethod.PUT.name(), HttpMethod.DELETE.name(), HttpMethod.PATCH.name()));
- }
-
- private static class HttpMethodRequestWrapper extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
- private final String method;
-
- public HttpMethodRequestWrapper(HttpServletRequest request, String method) {
- super(request);
- this.method = method;
- }
-
- public String getMethod() {
- return this.method;
- }
- }
- }

- package com.atguigu.pojo;
-
- public class Employee {
- private Integer id;
- private String lastName;
- private String email;
- //1 male, 0 female
- private Integer gender;
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getLastName() {
- return lastName;
- }
- public void setLastName(String lastName) {
- this.lastName = lastName;
- }
- public String getEmail() {
- return email;
- }
- public void setEmail(String email) {
- this.email = email;
- }
- public Integer getGender() {
- return gender;
- }
- public void setGender(Integer gender) {
- this.gender = gender;
- }
- public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer
- gender) {
- super();
- this.id = id;
- this.lastName = lastName;
- this.email = email;
- this.gender = gender;
- }
- public Employee() {
- }
- }
- package com.atguigu.dao;
-
- import com.atguigu.pojo.Employee;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
-
- import java.util.Collection;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
-
- @Repository
- public class EmployeeDao {
- private static Map
employees = null; - static{
- employees = new HashMap
(); - employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1));
- employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1));
- employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0));
- employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0));
- employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1));
- }
- private static Integer initId = 1006;
- public void save(Employee employee){
- if(employee.getId() == null){
- employee.setId(initId++);
- }
- employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
- }
- public Collection
getAll(){ - return employees.values();
- }
- public Employee get(Integer id){
- return employees.get(id);
- }
- public void delete(Integer id){
- employees.remove(id);
- }
- }
-
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
-
- /**
- * 查询所有的员工信息 ——> /employee ——> get
- * 跳转到添加页面 ——> /to/add ——> get
- * 新增员工信息 ——> /employee ——> post
- * 跳转到修改页面 ——> /employee/1 ——> get
- * 修改员工信息 ——> /employee ——> put
- * 删除员工信息 ——> /employee/1 ——> delete
- * *
- */
-
- @Controller
- public class EmployeeController {
- }

html:
- html>
- <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>employee listtitle>
- <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/static/css/index_work.css}">
- head>
- <body>
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="5">employee listth>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <th>idth>
- <th>lastNameth>
- <th>emailth>
- <th>genderth>
- <th>optionsth>
- tr>
- <tr th:each="employee : ${allEmployee}">
- <td th:text="${employee.id}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.lastName}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.email}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.gender}">td>
- <td>
- <a href="">deletea>
- <a href="">updatea>
- td>
- tr>
- table>
- body>
- html>
控制层:
- @Controller
- public class EmployeeController {
- @Autowired
- private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
-
- @RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public String getAllEmployee(Model model){
- //获取所有的员工信息
- Collection
allEmployee = employeeDao.getAll(); - //将所有的员工信息在请求域中共享
- model.addAttribute("allEmployee",allEmployee);
- //跳转到列表页面
- return "employee_list";
- }
-
- }
SpringMVC.xml
- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
- <mvc:annotation-driven/>
- <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index">mvc:view-controller>
添加样式后
4.添加功能<mvc:view-controller path="/to/add" view-name="employee_add">mvc:view-controller>
- html>
- <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>add employeetitle>
- <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/static/css/index_work.css}">
- head>
- <body>
- <form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">add employeeth>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>lastNametd>
- <td>
- <input type="text" name="lastName">
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>emailtd>
- <td>
- <input type="text" name="email">
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>gendertd>
- <td>
- <input type = "radio" name="gender" value="1">male
- <input type = "radio" name="gender" value="0">female
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td colspan="2">
- <input type="submit" value="add">
- td>
- tr>
- table>
- form>
- body>
- html>
- @RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.POST)
- public String addEmployee(Employee employee){
- //保存员工信息
- employeeDao.save(employee);
- //重定向到列表功能:/employee
- return "redirect:/employee";
- }
- @RequestMapping(value = "to/add",method = RequestMethod.GET)
- public String addEmployee(){
- return "employee_add";
- }



- html>
- <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>update employeetitle>
- <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/static/css/index_work.css}">
- head>
- <body>
- <form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
- <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
- <input type="hidden" name="id" th:value="${employee.id}">
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="2">update employeeth>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>lastNametd>
- <td>
- <input type="text" name="lastName" th:value="${employee.lastName}">
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>emailtd>
- <td>
- <input type="text" name="email" th:value="${employee.email}">
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td>gendertd>
- <td>
- <input type = "radio" name="gender" value="1" th:field="${employee.gender}">male
- <input type = "radio" name="gender" value="0" th:field="${employee.gender}">female
- td>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <td colspan="2">
- <input type="submit" value="update">
- td>
- tr>
- table>
- form>
- body>
- html>
- @RequestMapping(value = "/employee",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
- public String updateEmployee(Employee employee){
- //修改员工信息
- employeeDao.save(employee);
- //重定向到列表功能:/employee
- return "redirect:/employee";
- }
- html>
- <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>employee listtitle>
- <link rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{/static/css/index_work.css}">
- head>
- <body>
-
- <div id="app">
- <table>
- <tr>
- <th colspan="5">employee listth>
- tr>
- <tr>
- <th>idth>
- <th>lastNameth>
- <th>emailth>
- <th>genderth>
- <th>options (<a th:href="@{/to/add}">adda>) th>
- tr>
- <tr th:each="employee : ${allEmployee}">
- <td th:text="${employee.id}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.lastName}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.email}">td>
- <td th:text="${employee.gender}">td>
- <td>
- <a @click="deleteEmployee()" th:href="@{'/employee/' + ${employee.id}">deletea>
- <a th:href="@{'/employee/' + ${employee.id}">updatea>
- td>
- tr>
- table>
- <form method="post">
- <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
- form>
- div>
-
- <script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/static/js/vue.js}">script>
- <script type="text/javascript">
- var vue = new Vue({
- el:"#app",
- methods:{
- deleteEmployee(){
- //获取form表单
- var form = document.getElementsByTagName("form")[0];
- //将超链接的href属性值赋值给form表单的action属性
- //event.target表示当前触发时间的标签
- form.action = event.target.href;
- //表单提交
- form.submit();
- //组织超链接的默认行为
- event.preventDefault();
- }
- }
- });
- script>
- body>
- html>
-
- @RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}",method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
- public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
- //删除员工信息
- employeeDao.delete(id);
- //重定向到列表功能:/employee
- return "redirect:/employee";
- }