JAVA 浏览器下载excel，自定义样式：合并单元格，设置多种背景填充颜色，冻结窗格

添加依赖：

		
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poigroupId>
            <artifactId>poiartifactId>
            <version>3.17version>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poigroupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxmlartifactId>
            <version>3.17version>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-iogroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-ioartifactId>
            <version>2.4version>
        dependency>
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代码：

package com.zp.demoes.controller;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("export")
public class ExportController {

    private SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");


    @RequestMapping("exportXls")
    public void export(HttpServletResponse response){
        List<Map<String,Object>> mapList = new ArrayList<>();
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name","张三");
        map.put("mobile","13523568974");
        map.put("sex","男");
        map.put("age",19);
        map.put("hobby","篮球、羽毛球、兵乓球、足球、滑板、滑旱冰");
        mapList.add(map);

        map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name","李四");
        map.put("mobile","13452635487");
        map.put("sex","男");
        map.put("age",23);
        map.put("hobby","跑步、跳绳、举重");
        mapList.add(map);

        map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name","王五");
        map.put("mobile","16674851265");
        map.put("sex","男");
        map.put("age",18);
        map.put("hobby","听音乐、看电影、绘画、写小说");
        mapList.add(map);

        map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("name","夏天");
        map.put("mobile","15574123548");
        map.put("sex","女");
        map.put("age",22);
        map.put("hobby","阅读：读书、读报、看小说");
        mapList.add(map);

        exportDataList(mapList,response);
    }


    public void exportDataList(List<Map<String,Object>> mapList, HttpServletResponse response){
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
        //样式1
        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER_SELECTION);//左右居中
        style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style.setWrapText(true);//居中
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);//文字大小
        style.setFont(font);
        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线

        //样式2
        HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        style2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER_SELECTION);//左右居中
        style2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style2.setWrapText(true);//居中
        HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
        font2.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);//文字大小
        font2.setColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());//文字颜色
        style2.setFont(font2);
        style2.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style2.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style2.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style2.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线

        //创建工作簿
        HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("总表");
        sheet.createFreezePane(2, 3);// 冻结 列，行
        //创建表头
        createTitle(workbook,sheet);

        int rowNum = 2;
        HSSFCell cell;

        for(Map a:mapList){
            HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowNum+1);
            row.setHeight((short)(24*20));//行高

            cell = row.createCell(0);
            cell.setCellValue(rowNum-1);
            cell.setCellStyle(style);

            cell = row.createCell(1);
            cell.setCellValue(a.get("name").toString());
            cell.setCellStyle(style);

            cell = row.createCell(2);
            cell.setCellValue(a.get("mobile").toString());
            cell.setCellStyle(style);

            cell = row.createCell(3);
            cell.setCellValue(a.get("sex").toString());
            cell.setCellStyle(style2);

            cell = row.createCell(4);
            cell.setCellValue(a.get("age").toString());
            cell.setCellStyle(style);

            cell = row.createCell(5);
            cell.setCellValue(a.get("hobby").toString());
            cell.setCellStyle(style);
            
            rowNum++;
        }

        String fileName = "人员信息表.xls";
        //浏览器下载excel
        ExportUtils.excelDocument(fileName,workbook,response);
    }

    //创建表头
    public void createTitle(HSSFWorkbook workbook, HSSFSheet sheet){
        //单元格从0开始
        HSSFRow row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
        //合并单元格
        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0,0, 5));
        row0.setHeight((short)(42*20));//行高
        HSSFCell cell0 = row0.createCell(0);
        cell0.setCellValue("人员信息表");
        HSSFCellStyle style0 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        HSSFFont font0 = workbook.createFont();
        font0.setBold(true);//加粗
        font0.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font0.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 18);//字体大小
        style0.setFont(font0);
        style0.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);//左右居中
        style0.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style0.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style0.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style0.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style0.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线
        cell0.setCellStyle(style0);
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {//合并了的单元格也要设置
            cell0 = row0.createCell(i);
            cell0.setCellStyle(style0);
        }

        HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(1);
        //合并单元格
        sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(1,1,0, 5));
        row1.setHeight((short)(18*20));//行高
        HSSFCell cell1 = row1.createCell(0);
        cell1.setCellValue("共：4人   导出人：张三   导出时间："+sdf.format(new Date())+" ");
        HSSFCellStyle style1 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        HSSFFont font1 = workbook.createFont();
        font1.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font1.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 10);//字体大小
        style1.setFont(font1);
        style1.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.RIGHT);//左右居中
        style1.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style1.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style1.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style1.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style1.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线
        cell1.setCellStyle(style1);
        for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {//合并了的单元格也要设置
            cell1 = row1.createCell(i);
            cell1.setCellStyle(style1);
        }

        HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(2);
        row.setHeight((short)(30*20));
        //设置列宽，setColumnWidth的第二个参数要乘以256，这个参数的单位是1/256个字符宽度
        sheet.setColumnWidth(0,10*256);
        sheet.setColumnWidth(1,21*256);
        sheet.setColumnWidth(2,36*256);
        sheet.setColumnWidth(3,21*256);
        sheet.setColumnWidth(4,21*256);
        sheet.setColumnWidth(5,50*256);

        //样式1
        HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
        //填充方案 填满
        style.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        //随便设置一个颜色
        style.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.LIGHT_TURQUOISE.getIndex());
        //自定义填充颜色 替换刚刚设置的颜色
        HSSFPalette customPalette = workbook.getCustomPalette();
        customPalette.setColorAtIndex(IndexedColors.LIGHT_TURQUOISE.getIndex(), (byte) 213,(byte) 231, (byte) 245);
        HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
        font.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字体大小
        style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER_SELECTION);//左右居中
        style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style.setFont(font);
        style.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线
        style.setWrapText(true);//自动换行


        //样式2
        HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        //填充方案 填满
        style2.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        //随便设置一个颜色,但不能与上一个颜色相同
        style2.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.CORAL.getIndex());
        //自定义填充颜色 替换刚刚设置的颜色
        HSSFPalette customPalette2 = workbook.getCustomPalette();
        customPalette2.setColorAtIndex(IndexedColors.CORAL.getIndex(), (byte) 249,(byte) 222, (byte) 222);
        HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
        font2.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字体大小
        font2.setColor(IndexedColors.RED.getIndex());//字体颜色
        style2.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER_SELECTION);//左右居中
        style2.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style2.setFont(font2);
        style2.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style2.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style2.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style2.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线
        style2.setWrapText(true);//自动换行

        //样式3
        HSSFCellStyle style3 = workbook.createCellStyle();
        //填充方案 填满
        style3.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
        //随便设置一个颜色,但不能与上两个个颜色相同
        style3.setFillForegroundColor(IndexedColors.GREEN.getIndex());
        //自定义填充颜色 替换刚刚设置的颜色
        HSSFPalette customPalette3 = workbook.getCustomPalette();
        customPalette3.setColorAtIndex(IndexedColors.GREEN.getIndex(), (byte) 226,(byte) 239, (byte) 218);
        HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
        font3.setFontName("宋体");//字体
        font3.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11);//字体大小
        style3.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER_SELECTION);//左右居中
        style3.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);//上下居中
        style3.setFont(font3);
        style3.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN); //下边框加框线
        style3.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);//左边框加框线
        style3.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);//上边框加框线
        style3.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);//右边框加框线
        style3.setWrapText(true);// 自动换行


        HSSFCell cell;
        cell = row.createCell(0);
        cell.setCellValue("序号");
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

        cell = row.createCell(1);
        cell.setCellValue("姓名");
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

        cell = row.createCell(2);
        cell.setCellValue("电话");
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

        cell = row.createCell(3);
        cell.setCellValue("性别");
        cell.setCellStyle(style2);

        cell = row.createCell(4);
        cell.setCellValue("年龄");
        cell.setCellStyle(style3);

        cell = row.createCell(5);
        cell.setCellValue("爱好");
        cell.setCellStyle(style);

    }

}

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ExportUtils工具类：

package com.zp.demoes.controller;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class ExportUtils {

    public static void excelDocument(String fileName, HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            //生成excel文件
            buildExcelFile(fileName, workbook);
            //浏览器下载excel
            buildExcelDocument(fileName,workbook,response);
        }catch (Exception ex){
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            //清除文件
            String dir=System.getProperty("user.dir");
            File file = new File(dir+ File.separator+fileName);
            FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
        }
    }

    //生成excel文件
    public static void buildExcelFile(String filename, HSSFWorkbook workbook) throws Exception{
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filename);
        workbook.write(fos);
        fos.flush();
        fos.close();
    }

    //浏览器下载excel
    public static void buildExcelDocument(String filename, HSSFWorkbook workbook, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
        response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(filename, "utf-8"));
        OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
        workbook.write(outputStream);
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}

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调用接口，查看xls