Spring Boot 之开发注册功能

1. 功能描述

① 实现访问注册页面的请求，即点击顶部的注册链接时，打开注册页面。
② 实现提交注册的请求，在服务端对提交的数据进行验证，通过后发送激活邮件。
③ 实现激活账号的请求，在服务端验证激活码的有效性，若有效则修改账号的状态。

2. 邮件客户端

util 包下：MailClient.java

package com.nowcoder.community.util;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;


@Component
public class MailClient {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailClient.class);

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    public void sendMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
        try {
            MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
            MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message);
            helper.setFrom(from);
            helper.setTo(to);
            helper.setSubject(subject);
            helper.setText(content, true);
            mailSender.send(helper.getMimeMessage());
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            logger.error("Fail to send E-mail!" + e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}
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Logger 用于记录发送邮件过程的日志
JavaMailSender 用于完成注册邮件的发送

3. 定义注册激活用到的常量

util 包下的CommunityConstant.java

package com.nowcoder.community.util;

public interface CommunityConstant {

    /**
     * 激活成功
     */
    int ACTIVATION_SUCCESS = 0;

    /**
     * 重复激活
     */
    int ACTIVATION_REPEAT = 1;

    /**
     * 激活失败
     */
    int ACTIVATION_FAILURE = 2;

    /**
     * 默认状态的登录凭证的超时时间
     */
    int DEFAULT_EXPIRED_SECONDS = 3600 * 12;

    /**
     * 记住状态的登录凭证超时时间
     */
    int REMEMBER_EXPIRED_SECONDS = 3600 * 24 * 100;

}
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4. 随机字符串加密

util 包下的CommunityUtil.java

package com.nowcoder.community.util;

import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.util.DigestUtils;

import java.util.UUID;

public class CommunityUtil {

    // 生成随机字符串
    public static String generateUUID() {
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
    }

    // MD5加密
    // hello -> abc123def456
    // hello + 3e4a8 -> abc123def456abc
    public static String md5(String key) {
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(key)) {
            return null;
        }
        return DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(key.getBytes());
    }

}
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5. Controller层

controller 包下的LoginController.java

package com.nowcoder.community.controller;

import com.nowcoder.community.entity.User;
import com.nowcoder.community.service.UserService;
import com.nowcoder.community.util.CommunityConstant;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;

import java.util.Map;

@Controller
public class LoginController implements CommunityConstant {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping("/register")
    public String getRegisterPage() {
        return "/site/register";
    }

    @GetMapping("/login")
    public String getLoginPage() {
        return "/site/login";
    }

    @PostMapping("/register")
    public String register(Model model, User user) {
        Map<String, Object> map = userService.register(user);
        if (map == null || map.isEmpty()) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "注册成功，我们已经向您的邮箱里发送了一封激活邮件，请尽快完成激活！");
            model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
            return "/site/operate-result";
        } else {
            model.addAttribute("usernameMsg" ,map.get("usernameMsg"));
            model.addAttribute("passwordMsg" ,map.get("passwordMsg"));
            model.addAttribute("emailMsg" ,map.get("emailMsg"));
            return "/site/register";
        }

    }

    // http://localhost:8080/community/activation/101/code
    @GetMapping("/activation/{userId}/{code}")
    public String activation(Model model, @PathVariable("userId") int userId, @PathVariable("code") String code) {
        int result = userService.activation(userId, code);
        if (result == ACTIVATION_SUCCESS) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "激活成功,您的账号已经可以正常使用了!");
            model.addAttribute("target", "/login");
        } else if (result == ACTIVATION_REPEAT) {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "无效操作,该账号已经激活过了!");
            model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
        } else {
            model.addAttribute("msg", "激活失败,您提供的激活码不正确!");
            model.addAttribute("target", "/index");
        }
        return "/site/operate-result";
    }

}
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① 注入 UserService
② Get 请求：返回 register 页面
③ Get 请求：返回 login 页面
④ Post 请求：返回 register / operate-result 界面，实现用户注册功能，需要验证当前用户是否存在
⑤ Get 请求：返回 operate-result 页面，url 路径为 activation/{userId}/{code}，需要验证激活码的三种状态

6. 模板文件

templates / mail / activation.html

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.com">
    <link rel="icon" href="https://static.nowcoder.com/images/logo_87_87.png"/>
    <title>牛客网-激活账号</title>
</head>
<body>
	<div>
		<p>
			<b th:text="${email}">xxx@xxx.com</b>, 您好!
		</p>
		<p>
			您正在注册牛客网, 这是一封激活邮件, 请点击 
			<a th:href="${url}">此链接</a>,
			激活您的牛客账号!
		</p>
	</div>
</body>
</html>
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templates / site / operate-result.html
账号激活部分：

<!-- 内容 -->
<div class="main">
<div class="container mt-5">
<div class="jumbotron">
	<p class="lead" th:text="${msg}">您的账号已经激活成功,可以正常使用了!</p>
	<hr class="my-4">
	<p>
		系统会在 <span id="seconds" class="text-danger">8</span> 秒后自动跳转,
		您也可以点此 <a id="target" th:href="@{${target}}" class="text-primary">链接</a>, 手动跳转!
	</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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templates / site / register.html
注册验证部分：

<!-- 内容 -->
<div class="main">
	<div class="container pl-5 pr-5 pt-3 pb-3 mt-3 mb-3">
		<h3 class="text-center text-info border-bottom pb-3">注&nbsp;&nbsp;册</h3>
		<form class="mt-5" method="post" th:action="@{/register}">
			<div class="form-group row">
				<label for="username" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label text-right">账号:</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="text"
						   th:class="|form-control ${usernameMsg!=null?'is-invalid':''}|"
						   th:value="${user!=null?user.username:''}"
						   id="username" name="username" placeholder="请输入您的账号!" required>
					<div class="invalid-feedback" th:text="${usernameMsg}">
						该账号已存在!
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group row mt-4">
				<label for="password" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label text-right">密码:</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="password"
						   th:class="|form-control ${passwordMsg!=null?'is-invalid':''}|"
						   th:value="${user!=null?user.password:''}"
						   id="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入您的密码!" required>
					<div class="invalid-feedback" th:text="${passwordMsg}">
						密码长度不能小于8位!
					</div>							
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group row mt-4">
				<label for="confirm-password" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label text-right">确认密码:</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="password"
						   class="form-control"
						   th:value="${user!=null?user.password:''}"
						   id="confirm-password" placeholder="请再次输入密码!" required>
					<div class="invalid-feedback">
						两次输入的密码不一致!
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group row">
				<label for="email" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label text-right">邮箱:</label>
				<div class="col-sm-10">
					<input type="email"
						   th:class="|form-control ${emailMsg!=null?'is-invalid':''}|"
						   th:value="${user!=null?user.email:''}"
						   id="email" name="email" placeholder="请输入您的邮箱!" required>
					<div class="invalid-feedback" th:text="${emailMsg}">
						该邮箱已注册!
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>
			<div class="form-group row mt-4">
				<div class="col-sm-2"></div>
				<div class="col-sm-10 text-center">
					<button type="submit" class="btn btn-info text-white form-control">立即注册</button>
				</div>
			</div>
		</form>				
	</div>
</div>
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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/hutianle/article/details/126095448