Spring Webflux 后端处理前端请求的 4 种方式

Spring Webflux 是一个无响应系统。它具有某些特性，使其成为低延迟、高吞吐量工作负载的理想选择。Project Reactor 和 Spring 组合一起工作，使开发人员能够构建响应性、弹性、弹性和消息驱动的企业级反应系统。

Spring组合提供了两个并行栈。一种是基于带有Spring MVC和Spring Data构造的Servlet API。另一种是完全响应式栈，它利用了Spring WebFlux和Spring Data的响应式存储库。在这两种情况下，Spring Security 都为您提供了对两个栈的本机支持。

开发人员从阻塞代码转向非阻塞代码的主要原因之一是效率。响应式代码用更少的资源做更多的工作。Project Reactor和Spring WebFlux让开发人员利用多核、下一代处理器来处理潜在的大量并发连接。使用响应式处理，您可以用更少的微服务实例满足更多的并发用户。

Spring Webflux 支持 4 种方式来处理前端的请求。

1、Spring MVC Controller

1.1 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.7.2version>
        <relativePath/> 
    parent>
    <groupId>cn.carlgodd.webfluxgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webflux-demoartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>spring-webflux-demoname>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>
    <properties>
        <java.version>11java.version>
    properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webfluxartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
            <version>1.2.60version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
        dependency>
    dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44

1.2 applicaiton.properties

spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
1

1.3 启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringWebfluxDemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringWebfluxDemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1.4 实体类

@Data
public class Product {

    private Long id;

    private String name;

    private String desc;

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

1.5 Controller

@RestController
@RequestMapping("rest")
public class EchoController {

    @RequestMapping("echo")
    public Product hello() {
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(1L);
        product.setName("IPhone 13");
        product.setDesc("rest controller");
        return product;
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

1.6 postman 测试

2、Websocket

2.1 websocket 处理类

@Component
public class EchoWeSocketHandler implements WebSocketHandler {

    @Override
    public Mono<Void> handle(final WebSocketSession session) {
        return session.send(session.receive().map(
                msg -> session.textMessage("[websocket] 服务端回声 : " + msg.getPayloadAsText())
            )
        );
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

2.2 websocket 配置类

@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public HandlerMapping webSocketMapping(EchoWeSocketHandler echoHandler) {
        final Map<String, WebSocketHandler> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("/websocket/echo", echoHandler);

        final SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
        mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
        mapping.setUrlMap(map);
        return mapping;
    }

    @Bean
    public WebSocketHandlerAdapter webSocketHandlerAdapter() {
        return new WebSocketHandlerAdapter();
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

2.3 postman 测试

3、简单请求处理

3.1 WebHandler 处理类

@Component
public class EchoWebHandler implements WebHandler {

    @SneakyThrows
    @Override
    public Mono<Void> handle(ServerWebExchange exchange) {
        ServerHttpResponse response = exchange.getResponse();
        DataBufferFactory bufferFactory = response.bufferFactory();
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(1L);
        product.setName("IPhone 13");
        product.setDesc("web handler");
        DataBuffer wrap = bufferFactory.wrap(objectMapper.writeValueAsBytes(product));
        return response.writeWith(Mono.fromSupplier(() -> wrap));
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

3.2 WebHandler 配置类

@Configuration
public class WebHandlerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public HandlerMapping simpleWebHandlerMapping(final EchoWebHandler webHandler) {
        final Map<String, WebHandler> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("/web/echo", webHandler);

        final SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
        mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE);
        mapping.setUrlMap(map);
        return mapping;
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

3.3 postman 测试

4、Function Handler

4.1 Function Handler 处理类

@Component
public class EchoFunctionHandler {

    public Mono<ServerResponse> echo(ServerRequest request) {
        Product product = new Product();
        product.setId(1L);
        product.setName("IPhone 13");
        product.setDesc("function handler");
        return ServerResponse.ok().contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .body(BodyInserters.fromValue(product));
    }

}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

4.2 Function Handler 配置类

@Configuration
public class FunctionHandlerConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public RouterFunction<ServerResponse> route(EchoFunctionHandler echoFunctionHandler) {
        return RouterFunctions
                .route(RequestPredicates.GET("/function/echo")
                        .and(RequestPredicates.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)), echoFunctionHandler::echo);
    }

}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

4.3 postman 测试

参考文章：

• Spring Reaction Project
• Spring Boot WebFlux-08——WebFlux 中 WebSocket 实现通信
• PostMan websocket 接口测试
• Spring WebFlux 框架 - RouterFunction 案例