• 【profinet】从站开发要点

    目录

    0、常见缩写及关键字注释

    1、profinet简介

    2、profinet协议栈

    3、profinet数据帧

    4、profinet网络解决方案示例

    5、Application areas

    6、FAL体系结构组成部分

    7、PTCP服务

    8、MRP媒体冗余服务

    9、RPC服务

    10、应用过程

    11、应用关系

    12、ASE

    注：本文主要简述profinet从站开发涉及到的知识点。【不足之处后续慢慢补充】。

    0、常见缩写及关键字注释

    1. MRP: Media Redundancy Manager,媒体冗余管理。
    2.     MRP 定义了环中节点的类型：一个节点是 Media Redundancy Manager(MRM)， 
    3.     其它节点是 Media Redundancy Clients (MRC). MRM 监视着PROFINET ring。 
    4.     Test Packets 成功，表明环是好的， MRM forwards no data between its ring ports。
    5. 只要网络连接由MRP恢复的时间小于： 3x cyclic I/O update rate （ othersupplier might 1~10x） ; 则无扰。
    6. PROFINET IO 协议是允许网络间歇中断的。
    7.  
    8. DAP： Device Access Point
    9. LLDP： Link Layer Discovery Protocol (see IEEE 802.1AB-2009)
    10. NAP： Network Access Point (PNIO interface with its port submodules, see PNO-7.122 PROFINET
    11.     IO System Redundancy)
    12. SAP： Service Access Point
    13. UUID： Universally Unique Identifier (see ISO/IEC 11578:1996)
    14.  
    15.  
    16. Signal: A process data object with acertain type, for example a UINT32 counter.
    17.  
    18.  
    19. Terminology and abbreviations
    20. =============================
    21.  
    22. Abstract syntax
    23.     Describes the parts (and their subparts) of different messages. See also "Transfer syntax".
    24. Configuration
    25.     IO-device and IO-controller definition in an engineering tool.
    26. Commissioning
    27.     Device initialization (Configuration is downloaded to IO-controller).
    28. Engineering tool
    29.     A desktop program for configuring PLC. For example Siemens TIA portal.
    30. Interface
    31.     Abstract group of ports. In Profinet context, interface typically doesn't mean a
    32.     specific network interface. This is a common cause of confusion.
    33. Parameterization
    34.     Write parameter values to all submodules. Parameterization is done via
    35.     the Write and Control commands.
    36. Port
    37.     Network interface. The physical connectors are referred to as "physical ports".
    38.     A "management port" is the network interface to which a controller / PLC connects.
    39. Record data
    40.    Data that can be accessed with acyclic Profinet Read and Write. Addressed by
    41.    slot, subslot and index.
    42. Transfer syntax
    43.     Coding of the different fields in a message. See also "Abstract syntax".
    44.  
    45. Abbreviations
    46. -------------
    47.  
    48. ACK
    49.     Positively acknowledge
    50. AKA
    51.     Also Known As
    52. ALPMI
    53.     Alarm Protocol Machine Initiator. Trigger alarms.
    54. ALPMR
    55.     Alarm Protocol Machine Responder. Responds to incoming alarms.
    56. ALPMX
    57.     General term for ALPMI and ALPMR
    58. AMR
    59.     Asset Management Record
    60. AP
    61.     Application Process
    62. APDU
    63.     Application (layer) Protocol Data Unit
    64. API
    65.     Application Process Identifier (uint32). Used to differentiate between for example user profiles. Sometimes named "Profile ID".
    66. API
    67.     Application Programming Interface. Application implementers use the API of the P-Net Profinet stack.
    68. APMR
    69.     Acyclic Protocol Machine Receiver. Receives incoming alarm frames.
    70. APMS
    71.     Acyclic Protocol Machine Sender. Sends alarm frames.
    72. APMX
    73.     General term for APMR and APMS
    74. APO
    75.     Application Process Object
    76. AR
    77.     Application Relation. Consists of several communication relations (CR). Typically an IO AR, which is a connection to a PLC, but can also be an Supervisor AR.
    78. ARP
    79.     Address Resolution Protocol, used to translate from an IP address to a MAC address.
    80. AREP
    81.     Application Relationship End Point (uint32), pretty much an index into an array of AR.
    82. ASDU
    83.     Application Service Data Unit
    84. ASE
    85.     Application Service Element. For example logbook, time and diagnosis.
    86. CBA
    87.     Component Based Automation, for the legacy Profinet CBA system. It used communication profile CP 3/3.
    88. CC
    89.     Conformance Class (Performance level A to D)
    90. CDML
    91.     Controller Description Markup Language. An XML file describing a controller, for certification.
    92. CE
    93.     A marking for European Union declaration of conformity
    94. CIDR
    95.     Classless Inter-Domain Routing. The CIDR notation ``/24`` tells how many bits of the netmask that should be enabled.
    96. CIM
    97.     Communication Interface Management
    98. CiR
    99.     Configuration in Run
    100. CM
    101.     Context Management
    102. CMDEV
    103.     Context Management Protocol Machine Device
    104. CMI
    105.     CM Initiator
    106. CMINA
    107.     Context Management Ip and Name Assignment protocol machine
    108. CMIO
    109.     Context Management Input Output protocol machine
    110. CMPBE
    111.     Context Management Parameter Begin End protocol machine
    112. CMRDR
    113.     Context Management Read Record Responder protocol machine, responds to parameter read from the IO-controller.
    114. CMRPC
    115.     Context Management RPC protocol machine
    116. CMWRR
    117.     Context Management Write Record Responder protocol machine, responds to parameter write from the IO-controller.
    118. CMSM
    119.     Context Management Surveillance protocol Machine, monitors the establishment of a connection. Also written as CM Server Protocol machine.
    120. CP
    121.     Communication Profile. For example Profinet conformance class B is also known as CP 3/5.
    122. CPF
    123.     Communication Profile Family. Profinet and Profibus is CPF = 3, Ethercat is CPF = 12.
    124. CPM
    125.     Consumer Protocol Machine, for receiving cyclic data.
    126. CPU
    127.     Central Processing Unit
    128. CR
    129.     Communication Relation (Part of AR).
    130. CREP
    131.     Communication Relationship EndPoint (uint32), pretty much an index into an array of input and output CR.
    132. DA
    133.     Destination Address. It is the MAC address of the receiver.
    134. DAP
    135.     Device Access Point
    136. DCE
    137.     Distributed Computing Environment. Used with RPC.
    138. DCP
    139.     Discovery and basic Configuration Protocol. Runs over Ethernet layer 2 (not IP or UDP).
    140. DFP
    141.     Dynamic Frame Packing. Used with IRT protocol.
    142. DHCP
    143.     Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, for allocating IP addresses to devices.
    144. DHT
    145.     Data Hold Timer
    146. DLL
    147.     Data Link Layer
    148. DLPDU
    149.     ?
    150. DNS
    151.     Domain Name System, for converting from host name to IP address.
    152. DT
    153.     Device Tool
    154. DUT
    155.     Device Under Test
    156. EMC
    157.     ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
    158. EPM
    159.     EndPoint Mapper
    160. ES
    161.     Engineering System
    162. FACK
    163.     Fragment acknowledge
    164. FAL
    165.     Fieldbus Application Layer
    166. FD
    167.     Full Duplex
    168. FDB
    169.     Forwarding Database, used in MRP
    170. FO
    171.    Fiber Optics
    172. FSPM
    173.     FAL Service Protocol Machines
    174. FSU
    175.     Fast Start Up (Store communication parameters in IO devices)
    176. GAP
    177.     ?
    178. GSD
    179.     General Station Description. An XML file describing an IO-Device.
    180. GSDML
    181.     GSD Markup Language
    182. GUI
    183.     Graphical User Interface
    184. HTTP
    185.     Hypertext Transfer Protocol
    186. I&M
    187.     Identification & Maintenance. Has different blocks; IM0 to IM??.
    188. ICMP
    189.     Internet Control Message Protocol. (Sent in an IP packet)
    190. IDNA
    191.     Internationalized Domain Names for Applications
    192. IE
    193.     Industrial Ethernet
    194. IGMP
    195.     Internet Group Management Protocol. For multicast groups. Used in IPv4.
    196. IO
    197.     Input Output
    198. IOC
    199.     IO Controller. Typically a PLC.
    200. IOD
    201.     IO Device. An input-output device controlled by a PLC via Profinet communication.
    202. IOCS
    203.     IO Consumer Status. Reported by IO-device (for output data) and IO-controller (for input data), per subslot. (uint8)
    204. IOCR
    205.     IO Communication Relation
    206. IOPS
    207.     IO Provider Status. Describes validity of IO data per subslot. Sent by IO-device (for input data) or IO-controller (for output data) together with data. (uint8)
    208. IOxS
    209.     General term for IOCS and IOPS.
    210. IOS
    211.     IO Supervisor. Typically an engineering tool running on a personal computer.
    212. IP
    213.     Internet Protocol
    214. IP
    215.     Ingress Protection. For example IP65 is a housing class suitable for outdoor installation.
    216. iPar
    217.     Individual Parameters. Backups of these parameters are typically stored in a separate parameter server.
    218. IRT
    219.     Isochronous Real-Time
    220. LAN
    221.     Local Area Network
    222. LED
    223.     Light Emitting Diode
    224. LLC
    225.     ?
    226. LLDP
    227.     Link Layer Discovery Protocol, for neighbourhood detection.
    228. LMPM
    229.     data Link layer Mapping Protocol Machine. Receives Ethernet frames.
    230. LT
    231.     Length and Type field in Ethernet frame. Also known as EtherType.
    232. MAC
    233.     Media Access Control
    234. MAU
    235.     Medium Attachment Unit. Ethernet transceiver type. 0x0 = radio, 0x10 = Media type copper 100BaseTXFD
    236. MC
    237.     Multicast (as opposed to unicast)
    238. MC
    239.     Multicore (Codesys runtime variant for Raspberry Pi)
    240. MCR
    241.     Multicast Communication Relationship
    242. MDNS
    243.     Multicast DNS. A UDS based protocol for resolving hostname to IP address. Implemented by Bonjour and Avahi.
    244. MIB
    245.     Management Information Base. A text file format describing Object Identifiers (OID) for Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) frames.
    246. MIC
    247.     MRP interconnection Client. Routes traffic between two Ethernet rings (which are using MRP).
    248. MIM
    249.     MRP Interconnection Manager. Controls the traffic between two Ethernet rings (which are using MRP).
    250. MRA
    251.     Media redundancy manager with auto negotiation
    252. MRC
    253.     Media redundancy client
    254. MRM
    255.     Media redundancy manager
    256. MRP
    257.     Media Redundancy Protocol. Use a normally off path in the Ethernet network, to form a ring topology.
    258. MRPIC
    259.     Media Redundancy Protocol Interconnect (connects two MRP rings). Nodes have MIM or MIC roles.
    260. MRPD
    261.     Media Redundancy for Planned Duplication. Send similar frames in both directions on an Ethernet ring.
    262. MTU
    263.     Maximum Transfer Unit. The largest packet a network interface can handle. Typically 1500 bytes. This includes the IP header, but not the Ethernet header.
    264. NACK
    265.     Negatively acknowledge
    266. NDR
    267.     Network Data Representation. A header as first part of the DCE/RPC payload (sent via UDP). Contains info on how large the payload is, and how large responses that can be accepted.
    268. NME
    269.     Network Management Engine
    270. NRT
    271.    Non-Real Time Ethernet frames
    272. NVM
    273.     Non-Volatile Memory. Typically flash memory chips.
    274. OID
    275.     Object Identifier. Describes a field in a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) frame.
    276. OS
    277.     Operating System
    278. OUI
    279.     Organizationally Unique Identifier. This is the three first bytes of the MAC address. The value for Profinet Multicast is 01:0E:CF.
    280. PA
    281.     Process Automation (as opposed to production automation)
    282. PCA
    283.     Provider, Consumer or Alarm.
    284. PCF
    285.     Polymer Clad Fiber
    286. PCP
    287.     Priority Code Point, for VLAN
    288. PD
    289.     Physical Device. This is information related to an Ethernet port.
    290. PDEV
    291.     Physical Device management. Physical interface and switch ports of a Profinet field device.
    292. PDF
    293.     Portable Document Format
    294. PDU
    295.     Protocol Data Unit
    296. PI
    297.     PROFIBUS & PROFINET International. The Profinet interest group. See also PNO.
    298. PICO
    299.     PI Certification Office
    300. PITL
    301.     PI Test Laboratories. Performs certification testing.
    302. PLC
    303.     Programmable Logic Controller. Often used as a Profinet IO-controller.
    304. PN
    305.     See PROFINET
    306. PNI
    307.     Primary Network Initialization. Siemens SinecPni is a tool for configuration of Profinet equipment.
    308. PNIO
    309.     Profinet IO protocol
    310. PNO
    311.     PROFIBUS Nutzerorganisation e.V, located in Germany. See also PI.
    312. POF
    313.     Plastic Optical Fiber
    314. PPM
    315.     Cyclic Provider Protocol Machine
    316. PROFINET
    317.     Process Field Net
    318. PS
    319.     ?
    320. PTCP
    321.     Precision Transparent Clock Protocol
    322. RED
    323.     Redundancy
    324. RPC
    325.     Remote Procedure Call. The protocol DCE/RPC runs on UDP and is used for configuration of the IO-Device during startup.
    326. RS
    327.     Reporting system
    328. RSI
    329.     Remote Service Interface
    330. RTA
    331.     RealTime Acyclic protocol, for alarms.
    332. RTC
    333.     Real Time Class
    334. RTC
    335.     RealTime Cyclic protocol
    336. RTE
    337.     Real Time Ethernet
    338. RTOS
    339.     Real Time Operating System
    340. SA
    341.     Source Address. It is the MAC address of the sender.
    342. SAM
    343.     Source Address of ? Uses to restrict incoming DCP communication to a single remote MAC address (for 3 seconds).
    344. SCL
    345.     Structured Control Language. Siemens name for the structured text (ST) programming language for PLCs.
    346. SDU
    347.     Service Data Unit. This is the payload of a PDU.
    348. SMA
    349.     Sample Moving Average. A smoothing function in the Wireshark Ethernet frame capture software.
    350. SNMP
    351.     Simple Network Management Protocol. For network topology detection.
    352. SOE
    353.     Sequence Of Events
    354. ST
    355.     Structured Text. A programming language for PLCs.
    356. STP
    357.     Spanning Tree Protocol. An alternative to MRP (but slower)
    358. STX
    359.     Structured Text. See ST.
    360. TACK
    361.     Transport Acknowledge. Used for alarm transmission.
    362. TED
    363.     Topology and Engineering Discovery
    364. TIA
    365.     Totally Integrated Automation. An automation portal (engineering tool) by Siemens.
    366. TIAP
    367.     See TIA.
    368. TCI
    369.     Tool Calling Interface (The engineering tool can call specialized device-related tools)
    370. TCP
    371.     Transmission Control Protocol, used on top of IP.
    372. TLV
    373.     Type-Length-Value. A data structure in an LLDP Ethernet frame.
    374. TPID
    375.     Tag protocol identifier, for VLAN.
    376. TSDU
    377.     ?
    378. TSN
    379.     Time-Sensitive Networking
    380. TTL
    381.     Time to live. A field in an LLDP Ethernet frame.
    382. UC
    383.     Unicast (as opposed to multicast)
    384. UDP
    385.     User Datagram Protocol, used on top of IP.
    386. USI
    387.     User Structure Identifier (unit16) Describes alarm payloads.
    388. UUID
    389.     Universally Unique Identifier. A 128-bit number for uniquely identifying information.
    390. VLAN
    391.     Virtual LAN
    392. VID
    393.     VLAN identifier
    394. WLAN
    395.     Wireless LAN
    396. XML
    397.     eXtended Markup Language
    398.  
    1. 一般概念
    2.     FAL被定义为一组面向对象的ASE，每个ASE规范由三个部分组成：类定义、服务和协议规范。

    1、profinet简介

            profinet符合 IEEE 802.xx 标准的工业以太网， 具有自动协商和自动交叉功能
            ■ 全双工传输

            ■ 交换式以太网

            ■ 百兆级以太网

    2、profinet协议栈

    3、profinet数据帧

    4、profinet网络解决方案示例

    5、Application areas

    6、FAL体系结构组成部分

    1. AR：应用关系
    2. ASE：应用服务元素。提供用于对象管理的服务。它的服务可用来访问对象属性，删除和创建对象实例。
    3. AREP: Application Relationship End Point (uint32)。相当于数组索引。

            

    7、PTCP服务

     PTCP：精确透明时钟协议（Precision Transparent Clock Protocol）。

            

            

    8、MRP媒体冗余服务

            

            

    9、RPC服务

    RPC: Remote Procedure Call. The protocol DCE/RPC runs on UDP and is used for configuration of the IO-Device during startup.

            此证实服务用于CL RPC(无连接RPC)建立连接、释放连接。通过CL RPC传送高层的读服务、写服务，传送高层的“End of Parameter”和“Application Ready”服务。

    10、应用过程

            

            

                    

                            

                            

    11、应用关系

            

    12、ASE

    12.1 记录数据ASE

            

            

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_46211259/article/details/139813613