• FRDM-MCXN947开发板之i2c应用


    介绍

    MCXN947

    NXP FRDM-MCXN947开发板是一款基于MCXN947 MCU的低成本评估板,MCU集成了双核Arm Cortex-M33微控制器和一个神经处理单元(NPU)。开发板由一个MCXN947控制器和一个64 Mbit外部串行闪存组成。该板还具有P3T1755DP I3C温度传感器,TJA1057GTK/3Z CAN PHY,以太网PHY, SDHC电路(卡槽为DNP), RGB LED,触摸板,高速USB,按钮,和MCU-Link调试接口。该板兼容Arduino屏蔽模块,Pmod板,mikroBUS。该板还支持摄像头模块和NXP低成本LCD模块PAR-LCD-S035

    image

    开箱视频

    我通过参过RT-Thread社区的活动,拿到了京东的包裹,板子的开箱视频:FRDM-MCXN947开发板开箱_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

    开发环境

    基本的开发资料有以下几个,软件包或者资料都可以在NXP官网、Keil的官网找到,插一句话,最近Keil免费了

    1. MDK531
    2. NXP.MCXN947_DFP.17.0.0
    3. rt_vsnprintf_full-latest.zip开发包
    4. 官方的文档:UM12018.pdf
    5. RT-Thread GitHub仓库最新代码

    开发环境搭建请参考视频:FRDM-MCXN947开发板开发环境上手_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

    实验目的

    最近南方地区都在下暴雨,气候闷热潮湿,人们出门都在时刻关注天气的变化情况;刚好这个时候RT-Thread社区给我送来一款包装精致的NXP开发板,让我手头上的BME280温湿度气压传感器有了用武之地;BME280采用i2c接口和主机通信,能实时监控室内、室外的温度、湿度、大气压情况,基于它我们能做很多工业、物联网、医疗、汽车方面的应用

    实验准备

    我们需要准备以下材料

    • NXP FRDM-MCXN947开发板
    • 温湿度气压模块BME280 (i2c接口)
    • SSD1306 OLED模块(i2c接口)
    • 公母头杜邦线若干

    模块电路

    板载资源

    本次实验是通过软件i2c + 硬件i2c方式来进行通信,软件i2c采用引脚P0_4 (SCL)和P0_5 (SDA) ,硬件i2c采用引脚P0_25 (SCL)和P0_24 (SDA),前者位于J9内侧的第8和第9引脚,后者位于J2外侧的第7和第5引脚,引脚图参考如下,注意不要接错

    image

    实物连接

    软件i2c口接OLED SSD1306模块,硬件i2c口接BME280模块,电源VCC和GND在J8和J6上面都有,千万别接错了!

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    程序设计

    模块配置

    克隆rt-thread官方仓库的代码,MCXN947板子的最小例程在bsp\nxp\mcx\mcxn\frdm-mcxn947目录下

    git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread.git

    用RT-Thread Studio导入frdm-mcxn947工程,然后打开env工具

    image

    在env终端输入命令menuconfig,配置rt-thread工程

    image

    RT-Thread Components下找到Device DriversSelect进去,软件i2c引脚配置如下

    image

    Hardware Drivers Config下找到On-chip Peripheral DriversSelect进去,硬件i2c引脚配置如下

    image

    找到RT-Thread online packages -> peripheral libraries and drivers -> ssd1306Select进去,配置SSD1306模块,记得改掉I2c bus name和开启ssd1306的sample选项,这里名称为i2c2,和上面配置的软件i2c名称一致

    image

    配置完后通过Exit退出,先更新软件包,再导出为mdk5工程,然后用Keil5打开

    pkgs --update
    scons --target=mdk5

    编译工程

    需要注释一些代码确保编译通过

    ssd1306_tests.h

    image

    ssd1306.h

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    编码集成

    SSD1306

    调用初始化接口并设置背景为黑色

    ssd1306_Init();
    ssd1306_Fill(Black);

    绘图接口示范,先往buffer里边填字符串数据,然后设置坐标,再绘制字符

    rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0);
    rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Temp : %d'C\r\n",(int)temp_act);
    ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26);
    ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White);

    BME280

    readCalibrationDatacalibration_Tcalibration_Pcalibration_H用于读取和校准BME280的数据

    static unsigned long int hum_raw,temp_raw,pres_raw;
    static rt_uint8_t data[8];
    static signed long int t_fine;
    static uint16_t dig_T1;
    static int16_t dig_T2;
    static int16_t dig_T3;
    static uint16_t dig_P1;
    static int16_t dig_P2;
    static int16_t dig_P3;
    static int16_t dig_P4;
    static int16_t dig_P5;
    static int16_t dig_P6;
    static int16_t dig_P7;
    static int16_t dig_P8;
    static int16_t dig_P9;
    static int8_t dig_H1;
    static int16_t dig_H2;
    static int8_t dig_H3;
    static int16_t dig_H4;
    static int16_t dig_H5;
    static int8_t dig_H6;
    static signed long int temp_cal;
    static unsigned long int press_cal,hum_cal;
    static double temp_act;
    static double press_act;
    static double hum_act;
    static void readCalibrationData()
    {
    uint8_t data[32];
    read_bme280_reg(0x88, data, 24);
    read_bme280_reg(0xa1, data + 24, 1);
    read_bme280_reg(0xe1, data + 25, 7);
    dig_T1 = (data[1] << 8) | data[0];
    dig_T2 = (data[3] << 8) | data[2];
    dig_T3 = (data[5] << 8) | data[4];
    dig_P1 = (data[7] << 8) | data[6];
    dig_P2 = (data[9] << 8) | data[8];
    dig_P3 = (data[11]<< 8) | data[10];
    dig_P4 = (data[13]<< 8) | data[12];
    dig_P5 = (data[15]<< 8) | data[14];
    dig_P6 = (data[17]<< 8) | data[16];
    dig_P7 = (data[19]<< 8) | data[18];
    dig_P8 = (data[21]<< 8) | data[20];
    dig_P9 = (data[23]<< 8) | data[22];
    dig_H1 = data[24];
    dig_H2 = (data[26]<< 8) | data[25];
    dig_H3 = data[27];
    dig_H4 = (data[28]<< 4) | (0x0F & data[29]);
    dig_H5 = (data[30] << 4) | ((data[29] >> 4) & 0x0F);
    dig_H6 = data[31];
    }
    static signed long int calibration_T(signed long int adc_T)
    {
    signed long int var1, var2, T;
    var1 = ((((adc_T >> 3) - ((signed long int)dig_T1<<1))) * ((signed long int)dig_T2)) >> 11;
    var2 = (((((adc_T >> 4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1)) * ((adc_T>>4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1))) >> 12) * ((signed long int)dig_T3)) >> 14;
    t_fine = var1 + var2;
    T = (t_fine * 5 + 128) >> 8;
    return T;
    }
    static unsigned long int calibration_P(signed long int adc_P)
    {
    signed long int var1, var2;
    unsigned long int P;
    var1 = (((signed long int)t_fine)>>1) - (signed long int)64000;
    var2 = (((var1>>2) * (var1>>2)) >> 11) * ((signed long int)dig_P6);
    var2 = var2 + ((var1*((signed long int)dig_P5))<<1);
    var2 = (var2>>2)+(((signed long int)dig_P4)<<16);
    var1 = (((dig_P3 * (((var1>>2)*(var1>>2)) >> 13)) >>3) + ((((signed long int)dig_P2) * var1)>>1))>>18;
    var1 = ((((32768+var1))*((signed long int)dig_P1))>>15);
    if (var1 == 0)
    {
    return 0;
    }
    P = (((unsigned long int)(((signed long int)1048576)-adc_P)-(var2>>12)))*3125;
    if(P<0x80000000)
    {
    P = (P << 1) / ((unsigned long int) var1);
    }
    else
    {
    P = (P / (unsigned long int)var1) * 2;
    }
    var1 = (((signed long int)dig_P9) * ((signed long int)(((P>>3) * (P>>3))>>13)))>>12;
    var2 = (((signed long int)(P>>2)) * ((signed long int)dig_P8))>>13;
    P = (unsigned long int)((signed long int)P + ((var1 + var2 + dig_P7) >> 4));
    return P;
    }
    static unsigned long int calibration_H(signed long int adc_H)
    {
    signed long int v_x1;
    v_x1 = (t_fine - ((signed long int)76800));
    v_x1 = (((((adc_H << 14) -(((signed long int)dig_H4) << 20) - (((signed long int)dig_H5) * v_x1)) +
    ((signed long int)16384)) >> 15) * (((((((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H6)) >> 10) *
    (((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H3)) >> 11) + ((signed long int) 32768))) >> 10) + (( signed long int)2097152)) *
    ((signed long int) dig_H2) + 8192) >> 14));
    v_x1 = (v_x1 - (((((v_x1 >> 15) * (v_x1 >> 15)) >> 7) * ((signed long int)dig_H1)) >> 4));
    v_x1 = (v_x1 < 0 ? 0 : v_x1);
    v_x1 = (v_x1 > 419430400 ? 419430400 : v_x1);
    return (unsigned long int)(v_x1 >> 12);
    }

    i2c读写接口封装

    static int read_bme280_reg(rt_uint8_t reg_addr, rt_uint8_t *data, rt_uint8_t len)
    {
    struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2];
    msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR;
    msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR;
    msgs[0].buf = ®_addr;
    msgs[0].len = 1;
    msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR;
    msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_RD;
    msgs[1].buf = data;
    msgs[1].len = len;
    if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) == 2)
    {
    return RT_EOK;
    }
    else
    return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    static int8_t write_bme280_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *data, uint16_t len)
    {
    rt_uint8_t tmp = reg;
    struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2];
    msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */
    msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; /* Write flag */
    msgs[0].buf = &tmp; /* Slave register address */
    msgs[0].len = 1; /* Number of bytes sent */
    msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */
    msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_WR | RT_I2C_NO_START; /* Read flag */
    msgs[1].buf = data; /* Read data pointer */
    msgs[1].len = len; /* Number of bytes read */
    if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) != 2)
    {
    return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    return RT_EOK;
    }

    init_bme280用于初始化i2c设备

    static int init_bme280(void)
    {
    i2c_bus = (struct rt_i2c_bus_device *) rt_device_find(BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME);
    if (i2c_bus == RT_NULL)
    {
    rt_kprintf("can't find %s device!\n", BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME);
    return RT_ERROR;
    }
    rt_uint8_t data;
    int size = read_bme280_reg(0xD0, &data, 1);
    rt_kprintf("bme280 device id : %x\n", data);
    uint8_t osrs_t = 1; //Temperature oversampling x 1
    uint8_t osrs_p = 1; //Pressure oversampling x 1
    uint8_t osrs_h = 1; //Humidity oversampling x 1
    uint8_t mode = 3; //Normal mode
    uint8_t t_sb = 5; //Tstandby 1000ms
    uint8_t filter = 0; //Filter off
    uint8_t spi3w_en = 0; //3-wire SPI Disable
    uint8_t ctrl_meas_reg = (osrs_t << 5) | (osrs_p << 2) | mode;
    uint8_t config_reg = (t_sb << 5) | (filter << 2) | spi3w_en;
    uint8_t ctrl_hum_reg = osrs_h;
    write_bme280_reg(0xF2, &ctrl_hum_reg, 1);
    write_bme280_reg(0xF4, &ctrl_meas_reg, 1);
    write_bme280_reg(0xF5, &config_reg, 1);
    readCalibrationData();
    return RT_EOK;
    }

    将BME280的设置当作一条命令来执行

    void run_bme280()
    {
    bme280_thread = rt_thread_create("bme280", bme280_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 16, 20);
    if(bme280_thread != RT_NULL)
    {
    rt_thread_startup(bme280_thread);
    }
    }
    MSH_CMD_EXPORT(run_bme280, run bme280);

    整合代码

    以下代码经过测试,可以实现本次实验的所有功能

    #include
    #include
    #include "ssd1306.h"
    #define LED_PIN ((0*32)+10)
    #define BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME "i2c1"
    #define BME280_ADDR 0x76
    #define SIZE 50
    static struct rt_i2c_bus_device *i2c_bus;
    static rt_thread_t bme280_thread = RT_NULL;
    static unsigned long int hum_raw,temp_raw,pres_raw;
    static rt_uint8_t data[8];
    static signed long int t_fine;
    static uint16_t dig_T1;
    static int16_t dig_T2;
    static int16_t dig_T3;
    static uint16_t dig_P1;
    static int16_t dig_P2;
    static int16_t dig_P3;
    static int16_t dig_P4;
    static int16_t dig_P5;
    static int16_t dig_P6;
    static int16_t dig_P7;
    static int16_t dig_P8;
    static int16_t dig_P9;
    static int8_t dig_H1;
    static int16_t dig_H2;
    static int8_t dig_H3;
    static int16_t dig_H4;
    static int16_t dig_H5;
    static int8_t dig_H6;
    static signed long int temp_cal;
    static unsigned long int press_cal,hum_cal;
    static double temp_act;
    static double press_act;
    static double hum_act;
    static char buffer[SIZE];
    static signed long int calibration_T(signed long int adc_T)
    {
    signed long int var1, var2, T;
    var1 = ((((adc_T >> 3) - ((signed long int)dig_T1<<1))) * ((signed long int)dig_T2)) >> 11;
    var2 = (((((adc_T >> 4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1)) * ((adc_T>>4) - ((signed long int)dig_T1))) >> 12) * ((signed long int)dig_T3)) >> 14;
    t_fine = var1 + var2;
    T = (t_fine * 5 + 128) >> 8;
    return T;
    }
    static unsigned long int calibration_P(signed long int adc_P)
    {
    signed long int var1, var2;
    unsigned long int P;
    var1 = (((signed long int)t_fine)>>1) - (signed long int)64000;
    var2 = (((var1>>2) * (var1>>2)) >> 11) * ((signed long int)dig_P6);
    var2 = var2 + ((var1*((signed long int)dig_P5))<<1);
    var2 = (var2>>2)+(((signed long int)dig_P4)<<16);
    var1 = (((dig_P3 * (((var1>>2)*(var1>>2)) >> 13)) >>3) + ((((signed long int)dig_P2) * var1)>>1))>>18;
    var1 = ((((32768+var1))*((signed long int)dig_P1))>>15);
    if (var1 == 0)
    {
    return 0;
    }
    P = (((unsigned long int)(((signed long int)1048576)-adc_P)-(var2>>12)))*3125;
    if(P<0x80000000)
    {
    P = (P << 1) / ((unsigned long int) var1);
    }
    else
    {
    P = (P / (unsigned long int)var1) * 2;
    }
    var1 = (((signed long int)dig_P9) * ((signed long int)(((P>>3) * (P>>3))>>13)))>>12;
    var2 = (((signed long int)(P>>2)) * ((signed long int)dig_P8))>>13;
    P = (unsigned long int)((signed long int)P + ((var1 + var2 + dig_P7) >> 4));
    return P;
    }
    static unsigned long int calibration_H(signed long int adc_H)
    {
    signed long int v_x1;
    v_x1 = (t_fine - ((signed long int)76800));
    v_x1 = (((((adc_H << 14) -(((signed long int)dig_H4) << 20) - (((signed long int)dig_H5) * v_x1)) +
    ((signed long int)16384)) >> 15) * (((((((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H6)) >> 10) *
    (((v_x1 * ((signed long int)dig_H3)) >> 11) + ((signed long int) 32768))) >> 10) + (( signed long int)2097152)) *
    ((signed long int) dig_H2) + 8192) >> 14));
    v_x1 = (v_x1 - (((((v_x1 >> 15) * (v_x1 >> 15)) >> 7) * ((signed long int)dig_H1)) >> 4));
    v_x1 = (v_x1 < 0 ? 0 : v_x1);
    v_x1 = (v_x1 > 419430400 ? 419430400 : v_x1);
    return (unsigned long int)(v_x1 >> 12);
    }
    static int read_bme280_reg(rt_uint8_t reg_addr, rt_uint8_t *data, rt_uint8_t len)
    {
    struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2];
    msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR;
    msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR;
    msgs[0].buf = ®_addr;
    msgs[0].len = 1;
    msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR;
    msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_RD;
    msgs[1].buf = data;
    msgs[1].len = len;
    if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) == 2)
    {
    return RT_EOK;
    }
    else
    return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    static int8_t write_bme280_reg(uint8_t reg, uint8_t *data, uint16_t len)
    {
    rt_uint8_t tmp = reg;
    struct rt_i2c_msg msgs[2];
    msgs[0].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */
    msgs[0].flags = RT_I2C_WR; /* Write flag */
    msgs[0].buf = &tmp; /* Slave register address */
    msgs[0].len = 1; /* Number of bytes sent */
    msgs[1].addr = BME280_ADDR; /* Slave address */
    msgs[1].flags = RT_I2C_WR | RT_I2C_NO_START; /* Read flag */
    msgs[1].buf = data; /* Read data pointer */
    msgs[1].len = len; /* Number of bytes read */
    if (rt_i2c_transfer(i2c_bus, msgs, 2) != 2)
    {
    return -RT_ERROR;
    }
    return RT_EOK;
    }
    static void readCalibrationData()
    {
    uint8_t data[32];
    read_bme280_reg(0x88, data, 24);
    read_bme280_reg(0xa1, data + 24, 1);
    read_bme280_reg(0xe1, data + 25, 7);
    dig_T1 = (data[1] << 8) | data[0];
    dig_T2 = (data[3] << 8) | data[2];
    dig_T3 = (data[5] << 8) | data[4];
    dig_P1 = (data[7] << 8) | data[6];
    dig_P2 = (data[9] << 8) | data[8];
    dig_P3 = (data[11]<< 8) | data[10];
    dig_P4 = (data[13]<< 8) | data[12];
    dig_P5 = (data[15]<< 8) | data[14];
    dig_P6 = (data[17]<< 8) | data[16];
    dig_P7 = (data[19]<< 8) | data[18];
    dig_P8 = (data[21]<< 8) | data[20];
    dig_P9 = (data[23]<< 8) | data[22];
    dig_H1 = data[24];
    dig_H2 = (data[26]<< 8) | data[25];
    dig_H3 = data[27];
    dig_H4 = (data[28]<< 4) | (0x0F & data[29]);
    dig_H5 = (data[30] << 4) | ((data[29] >> 4) & 0x0F);
    dig_H6 = data[31];
    }
    static int init_bme280(void)
    {
    rt_uint8_t data;
    int size = read_bme280_reg(0xD0, &data, 1);
    rt_kprintf("bme280 device id : %x\n", data);
    uint8_t osrs_t = 1; //Temperature oversampling x 1
    uint8_t osrs_p = 1; //Pressure oversampling x 1
    uint8_t osrs_h = 1; //Humidity oversampling x 1
    uint8_t mode = 3; //Normal mode
    uint8_t t_sb = 5; //Tstandby 1000ms
    uint8_t filter = 0; //Filter off
    uint8_t spi3w_en = 0; //3-wire SPI Disable
    uint8_t ctrl_meas_reg = (osrs_t << 5) | (osrs_p << 2) | mode;
    uint8_t config_reg = (t_sb << 5) | (filter << 2) | spi3w_en;
    uint8_t ctrl_hum_reg = osrs_h;
    write_bme280_reg(0xF2, &ctrl_hum_reg, 1);
    write_bme280_reg(0xF4, &ctrl_meas_reg, 1);
    write_bme280_reg(0xF5, &config_reg, 1);
    readCalibrationData();
    return RT_EOK;
    }
    static void bme280_entry(void* paremeter)
    {
    init_bme280();
    while(1)
    {
    read_bme280_reg(0xf7, data, 8);
    pres_raw = (data[0] << 12) | (data[1] << 4) | (data[2] >> 4);
    temp_raw = (data[3] << 12) | (data[4] << 4) | (data[5] >> 4);
    hum_raw = (data[6] << 8) | data[7];
    temp_cal = calibration_T(temp_raw);
    press_cal = calibration_P(pres_raw);
    hum_cal = calibration_H(hum_raw);
    temp_act = (double)temp_cal / 100.0;
    press_act = (double)press_cal;
    hum_act = (double)hum_cal / 1024.0;
    rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0);
    rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Temp : %d'C\r\n",(int)temp_act);
    ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26);
    ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White);
    rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0);
    rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Humi : %d %\r\n",(int)hum_act);
    ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26 + 10);
    ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White);
    rt_memset(buffer, SIZE, 0);
    rt_snprintf(buffer, SIZE, "Press : %d Pa\r\n",(int)press_act);
    ssd1306_SetCursor(2, 26 + 10 + 10);
    ssd1306_WriteString(buffer, Font_6x8, White);
    rt_thread_mdelay(500);
    ssd1306_UpdateScreen();
    }
    }
    void run_bme280()
    {
    bme280_thread = rt_thread_create("bme280", bme280_entry, RT_NULL, 1024, 16, 20);
    if(bme280_thread != RT_NULL)
    {
    rt_thread_startup(bme280_thread);
    }
    }
    MSH_CMD_EXPORT(run_bme280, run bme280);
    int main(void)
    {
    i2c_bus = (struct rt_i2c_bus_device *) rt_device_find(BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME);
    if (i2c_bus == RT_NULL)
    {
    rt_kprintf("can't find %s device!\n", BME280_I2C_BUS_NAME);
    return RT_ERROR;
    }
    ssd1306_Init();
    ssd1306_Fill(Black);
    rt_pin_mode(LED_PIN, PIN_MODE_OUTPUT);
    for (;;)
    {
    rt_pin_write(LED_PIN, PIN_HIGH);
    rt_thread_mdelay(500);
    rt_pin_write(LED_PIN, PIN_LOW);
    rt_thread_mdelay(500);
    }
    }

    实验效果

    用串口工具打开开发板对应的串口,命令行输入run_bme280

    image

    效果如下,OLED实时展示当前环境的温度、湿度、大气压

    image

    总结

    • 技术离不开应用、离不开生活,学习技术是为了更好的服务于社会
    • NXP的硬件i2c比较复杂,官方的demo比较多、配置也复杂,理解起来确实有一点难度,我在用i2c-tool工具的时候遇到了一些问题,目前还在分析、定位中
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/hywing/p/18237977