• PyQt5串口测试工具

    笔者经常会遇到使用上位机进行相关测试的场景，但现成的上位机并不能完全满足自己的需求，或是上位机缺乏使用说明。所以，自己写？

    环境说明

    pycharm 2023.2.25

    python 3.10

    anaconda

    环境配置

    1. conda create -n envsram     ##新建虚拟环境，不用anaconda也行自己使用python新建都行
    2. conda env list    ##查看虚拟环境及路径，方便修改python解释器路径
    3. conda activate envsram    
    4. conda install pyqt     ##安装pyqt5及依赖
    5.  
    6. designer    ##键入，以打开pyqt图像设计界面，设计完成后为.ui文件
    7.  
    8. pyuic5 -o ccm_Test.py .\Uartsendframe.ui    ##转换.ui文件为测试文件
    9.  
    10. pip install pyserial    ##我conda install失败了，直接用pip安装，为了上位机实现串口相关操作
    11.

    代码测试

    ui界面代码

    1. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
    2.  
    3. # Form implementation generated from reading ui file '.\Uartsendframe.ui'
    4. #
    5. # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.15.10
    6. #
    7. # WARNING: Any manual changes made to this file will be lost when pyuic5 is
    8. # run again.  Do not edit this file unless you know what you are doing.
    9.  
    10.  
    11. from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets
    12.  
    13.  
    14.  
    15. class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    16.     def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
    17.         MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
    18.         MainWindow.resize(432, 476)
    19.         self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
    20.         self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
    21.         self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.centralwidget)
    22.         self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")
    23.         self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
    24.         self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
    25.         self.gridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox)
    26.         self.gridLayout.setObjectName("gridLayout")
    27.         self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
    28.         self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")
    29.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton, 0, 3, 1, 1)
    30.         self.pushButton2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
    31.         self.pushButton2.setObjectName("pushButton2")
    32.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton2, 0, 4, 1, 1)
    33.         self.pushButton3 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
    34.         self.pushButton3.setObjectName("pushButton3")
    35.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton3, 0, 5, 1, 1)
    36.         self.pushButton4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.groupBox)
    37.         self.pushButton4.setObjectName("pushButton4")
    38.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton4, 1, 5, 1, 1)
    39.         self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.groupBox)
    40.         self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit")
    41.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.lineEdit, 1, 1, 1, 4)
    42.         self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
    43.         font = QtGui.QFont()
    44.         font.setFamily("宋体")
    45.         font.setPointSize(9)
    46.         self.label.setFont(font)
    47.         self.label.setObjectName("label")
    48.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
    49.         self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox)
    50.         self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
    51.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.label_2, 1, 0, 1, 1)
    52.         self.comboBox = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.groupBox)
    53.         self.comboBox.setObjectName("comboBox")
    54.         self.comboBox.addItem("")
    55.         self.gridLayout.addWidget(self.comboBox, 0, 1, 1, 2)
    56.         self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.groupBox)
    57.         self.groupBox_2 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(self.centralwidget)
    58.         self.groupBox_2.setObjectName("groupBox_2")
    59.         self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox_2)
    60.         self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
    61.         self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.groupBox_2)
    62.         self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")
    63.         self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.textEdit, 0, 0, 1, 1)
    64.         self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.groupBox_2)
    65.         MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
    66.         self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
    67.         self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 322, 26))
    68.         self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
    69.         self.menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
    70.         self.menu.setObjectName("menu")
    71.         self.menu_2 = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
    72.         self.menu_2.setObjectName("menu_2")
    73.         MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
    74.         self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
    75.         self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
    76.         MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
    77.         self.menubar.addAction(self.menu.menuAction())
    78.         self.menubar.addAction(self.menu_2.menuAction())
    79.  
    80.         self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
    81.         self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.comboBox.update) # type: ignore
    82.         QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)
    83.  
    84.     def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
    85.         _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
    86.         MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "串口sram测试工具v0.1"))
    87.         self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "配置选项"))
    88.         self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "刷新串口"))
    89.         self.label.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串口选择："))
    90.         self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "文件路径："))
    91.         self.pushButton2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串口打开"))
    92.         self.pushButton3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "串口发送"))
    93.         self.pushButton4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "选择文件"))
    94.         self.comboBox.setItemText(0, _translate("MainWindow", "com"))
    95.         self.groupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "数据显示"))
    96.         self.menu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "帮助"))
    97.         self.menu_2.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "关于"))

    逻辑代码

    这边在处理的时候有几个遇到的bug，

    1. 上位机需要一直接收，所以需要开一个线程用来持续接收。

    2. 界面更新太平凡容易卡死，所以起一个信号量来更新

    1. import sys
    2. from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QFileDialog
    3. from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal
    4. from ccm_Test import Ui_MainWindow  
    5. import time
    6. import serial
    7. import serial.tools.list_ports
    8. import threading
    9.  
    10.  
    11. class MyApp(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    12.     data_received_signal = pyqtSignal(str)  # 定义信号，传递字符串数据
    13.     def __init__(self):
    14.         super().__init__()
    15.         self.setupUi(self)
    16.         self.data_received_signal.connect(self.update_text_edit)  # 连接信号到槽
    17.         self.pushButton_onclik()
    18.         self.pushButton2_onclik()
    19.         self.pushButton3_onclik()
    20.         self.pushButton4_onclik()
    21.  
    22.     def update_text_edit(self, data):
    23.         self.textEdit.append(data)  # 更新文本编辑器
    24.  
    25.     def pushButton_onclik(self):
    26.         # self.mainop()
    27.         def cao():
    28.             print("已刷新串口。")
    29.             self.textEdit.append('刷新')
    30.             ports = serial.tools.list_ports.comports()
    31.             self.comboBox.clear()  # 清空所有项
    32.             for port, desc, hwid in sorted(ports):
    33.                 print(port, type(port),type(ports))
    34.                 self.comboBox.addItem(port)  # 添加新的项列表
    35.  
    36.             # print(ports[0], type(ports[0]))
    37.             # try:
    38.             #     self.comboBox.clear()  # 清空所有项
    39.             #     self.comboBox.addItems()  # 添加新的项列表
    40.             #
    41.             #     print("Items added successfully.")
    42.             # except Exception as e:
    43.             #     print(f"An error occurred: {e}")
    44.  
    45.         self.pushButton.clicked.connect(cao)
    46.  
    47.     def pushButton2_onclik(self):
    48.         # self.mainop()
    49.         def cao():
    50.             global port_name
    51.             global serial_port
    52.             port_name = self.comboBox.currentText()
    53.             baud_rate = 115200
    54.             print(port_name)
    55.             serial_port = self.open_serial(port_name, baud_rate)
    56.             self.textEdit.append('打开'+port_name)
    57.  
    58.         self.pushButton2.clicked.connect(cao)
    59.  
    60.     def pushButton3_onclik(self):
    61.         # self.mainop()
    62.         ''' bootloader 使用了0x20000400开始的地址，0xC00大小的区间。共开了0x10000的堆栈。 '''
    63.         hex_string = "1234"
    64.         hex_string1 = "1235"
    65.         hex_string2 = "123455" #"52312000" 2000是实际动态代码 map文件中main的起始地址
    66.         hex_string3 = "123456"
    67.         hex_data_to_send = bytes.fromhex(hex_string)
    68.         hex_data_to_send1 = bytes.fromhex(hex_string1)
    69.         hex_data_to_send2 = bytes.fromhex(hex_string2)
    70.         hex_data_to_send3 = bytes.fromhex(hex_string3)
    71.  
    72.         def cao():
    73.             try:
    74.                 thread = threading.Thread(target=self.read_serial, args=(serial_port,))
    75.                 thread.start()
    76.             except serial.SerialException as e:
    77.                 print(f"open_serial : {e}")
    78.             ## 第一条命令
    79.             self.write_serial(serial_port, hex_data_to_send)
    80.             self.textEdit.append('>> ' + hex_string)
    81.  
    82.             time.sleep(0.1)
    83.             # rxbuff = self.read_serial(serial_port)
    84.             # print(rxbuff)
    85.             # self.textEdit.append('<< '+ rxbuff)
    86.  
    87.             ## 第二条命令
    88.             self.write_serial(serial_port, hex_data_to_send1)
    89.             self.textEdit.append('>> ' + hex_string1)
    90.  
    91.             time.sleep(0.1)
    92.             # rxbuff = self.read_serial(serial_port)
    93.             # print(rxbuff)
    94.             # self.textEdit.append('<< '+ rxbuff)
    95.  
    96.             ## 第三条命令
    97.             print(fileName)
    98.             binfilecontent = self.read_bin_file(fileName)
    99.             print(type(binfilecontent), binfilecontent)
    100.             binfilecontent_len = len(binfilecontent)
    101.             binfilecontent_len_hex = bytes.fromhex(self.int_to_hex16(binfilecontent_len))
    102.             # print(binfilecontent_len_hex,type(binfilecontent_len_hex))
    103.             # print(self.read_bin_file(fileName))
    104.             self.write_serial(serial_port, hex_data_to_send2 + binfilecontent_len_hex + binfilecontent)
    105.             self.textEdit.append('>> ' + hex_string2)
    106.  
    107.             time.sleep(0.1)
    108.             # rxbuff = self.read_serial(serial_port)
    109.             # self.textEdit.append('<< '+ rxbuff)
    110.  
    111.             ## 第四条命令
    112.             self.write_serial(serial_port, hex_data_to_send3)
    113.             self.textEdit.append('>> ' + hex_string3)
    114.  
    115.             time.sleep(0.1)
    116.             # rxbuff = self.read_serial(serial_port)
    117.             # if(rxbuff == None):
    118.             #     self.textEdit.append('<< ' + 'None.')
    119.             # else:
    120.             #     self.textEdit.append('<< '+ rxbuff)
    121.  
    122.             # time.sleep(3)
    123.             # rxbuff = 0
    124.             # rxbuff = self.read_serial(serial_port)
    125.             # self.textEdit.append('等待后续sram测试数据返回...')
    126.             # self.textEdit.append('<< '+ rxbuff)
    127.             # self.close_serial(serial_port)
    128.             pass
    129.         self.pushButton3.clicked.connect(cao)
    130.  
    131.     def pushButton4_onclik(self):
    132.         # global fileName
    133.         def cao():
    134.             # 打开文件选择对话框
    135.             options = QFileDialog.Options()
    136.             options |= QFileDialog.DontUseNativeDialog
    137.             global fileName
    138.             fileName, _ = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "QFileDialog.getOpenFileName()", "",
    139.                                                       "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt)", options=options)
    140.             if fileName:
    141.                 self.lineEdit.setText(fileName)  # 将选择的文件路径设置到 QLineEdit
    142.             pass
    143.  
    144.         self.pushButton4.clicked.connect(cao)
    145.  
    146.     # 打开串口
    147.     def open_serial(self, port, baudrate):
    148.         try:
    149.             ser = serial.Serial(
    150.                 port, baudrate,
    151.                 parity=serial.PARITY_EVEN,  # 设置校验
    152.                 stopbits=serial.STOPBITS_ONE,  # 设置停止位
    153.                 bytesize=8,  # 数据位为 8 位
    154.                 timeout=0  # 超时设置 非阻塞
    155.             )  # 打开串口
    156.             print(f"Serial port {port} opened at {baudrate} baud.")
    157.             # try:
    158.             #     thread = threading.Thread(target=self.read_serial(ser), args=(ser,))
    159.             #     thread.start()
    160.             # except serial.SerialException as e:
    161.             #     print(f"open_serial : {e}")
    162.  
    163.             return ser
    164.         except serial.SerialException as e:
    165.             print(f"Error opening serial port {port}: {e}")
    166.             return None
    167.  
    168.     # 从串口读取数据
    169.     def read_serial(self, ser):
    170.         while True:
    171.             if ser:
    172.                 try:
    173.                     if ser.in_waiting > 0:
    174.                         received_data = ser.read(ser.in_waiting)
    175.                         received_hex = received_data.hex()
    176.                         if (received_hex == None):
    177.                             self.data_received_signal.emit('<< ' + received_hex)  # 发射信号('<< ' + 'None.')
    178.                         else:
    179.                             self.data_received_signal.emit('<< ' + received_hex)  # 发射信号
    180.                         print("Received data (hex):", received_hex)
    181.                         # return received_hex
    182.                     else:
    183.                         # print("No data received.")
    184.                         pass
    185.                 except serial.SerialTimeoutException:
    186.                     print("Read timeout occurred")
    187.                 except serial.SerialException as e:
    188.                     print(f"Error during read: {e}")
    189.                 time.sleep(0.1)  # 短暂休眠以减少CPU负担
    190.  
    191.     # 向串口写入数据
    192.     def write_serial(self, ser, data):
    193.         if ser:
    194.             try:
    195.                 successlen = ser.write(data)  # 发送数据
    196.                 print("successlen: ",successlen)
    197.                 print(f"Sent data: {data}")
    198.                 # self.textEdit.append('>> ' + data.encode('utf-8').hex())
    199.             except serial.SerialException as e:
    200.                 print(f"Error sending data: {e}")
    201.  
    202.     # 关闭串口
    203.     def close_serial(self, ser):
    204.         if ser:
    205.             ser.close()
    206.             print("Serial port closed.")
    207.  
    208.     # 读取bin文件
    209.     def read_bin_file(self, file_path):
    210.         try:
    211.             with open(file_path, 'rb') as file:
    212.                 return file.read()
    213.         except Exception as e:
    214.             print(f"Failed to read file: {str(e)}")
    215.  
    216.     def int_to_hex16(self, value):
    217.         if not (0 <= value <= 65535):
    218.             raise ValueError("Integer value out of range for 16-bit representation")
    219.  
    220.         # 将整数转换为16位十六进制字符串
    221.         hex_string = f"{value:04x}"
    222.         return hex_string
    223.  
    224. if __name__ == "__main__":
    225.     app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    226.     window = MyApp()
    227.     window.show()
    228.     sys.exit(app.exec_())

    界面示例

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/Yoolell/article/details/139418945