No system certificates available. Try installing ca-certificates.

一、错误重现

具体如图

系统环境是ubuntu:22.04 ARM架构

二、解决方法

1、先不要更换镜像源 直接设置

apt update
apt -y install ca-certificates
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2、更换镜像源

vim /etc/apt/sources.list
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清华镜像源内容如下

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
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执行更新

apt update
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成功了！