分库分表简单介绍

分库分表是一种数据库管理方法，它的目的是提高数据库的性能、扩展性和可用性，无论是分库还是分表，都是从水平与垂直两个维度进行切分。

shardingsphere 组件

Apache ShardingSphere

1.引入maven依赖

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shardingspheregroupId>
            <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>4.0.0-RC1version>
dependency>

2.没有用垂直，只有在业务上垂直

只用到了水平，水平拆表

cls=provide,order,user,

=order.orderMaster${0...9}

配置 针对规则配置的模式

单机模式（默认）内存模式 集群模式

配置项说明：

在application.properties中配置选项

#此配置将默认后面的bean覆盖前面的同名bean，否则会报错
spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true
 
#sharding-jdbc配置
##配置数据源名称
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.names=order
 
##配置数据源g1具体内容
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.order.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.order.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.order.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.14.2:3306/goods_db1 useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.order.username=root
spring.shardingsphere.datasource.order.password=123456
 
##配置公共表
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.broadcast-tables=dict
##配置公共表的主键及生成策略
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.dict.key-generator.column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.dict.key-generator.type=SNOWFLAKE
 
 
 
##配置order_master数据库分布以及表分布
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_master.actual-data-nodes=order.order_master_${0..9}
 
 
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_master.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=id
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_master.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=order_master_${id%10}
 
##配置order_item数据库分布以及表分布
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_item.actual-data-nodes=order.order_item_${0..9}
 
 
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_item.table-strategy.inline.sharding-column=orderId
spring.shardingsphere.sharding.tables.order_item.table-strategy.inline.algorithm-expression=order_item_${orderId%10}
 
 
 
 
##打印sql
spring.shardingsphere.props.sql.show=true

写model和mapper

@Data
public class Goods {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private Long uid;
    private String status;
}
 
@Data
public class Dict {
    private Long id;
    private String name;
    private String status;
}
 
@Mapper
public interface GoodsMapper extends BaseMapper {
}
 
@Mapper
public interface DictMapper extends BaseMapper {
}

测试方法

@Test
    void addGoods(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Goods goods = new Goods();
            goods.setName("商品" + i);
            goods.setUid(RandomUtil.randomLong(1000L, 9999L));
            goods.setStatus("备注 " + i);
            goodsMapper.insert(goods);
        }
    }
 
    @Test
    void getGoods(){
        QueryWrapper wrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
//        wrapper.eq("id", "1714939259473723393");
        Goods goods = goodsMapper.selectById(1716273265985294340L);
 
        System.out.println(goods.toString());
    }
 
	@Test
	void addDict(){
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            Dict dict = new Dict();
            dict.setName("字典" + i);
            dict.setStatus("备注 " + i);
            dictMapper.insert(dict);
        }
    }
 
    @Test
    void deleteDict(){
        QueryWrapper wrapper = new QueryWrapper<>();
        wrapper.eq("id", "1716276779037872130");
        dictMapper.delete(wrapper);
    }
 

3.根据id ={id%10}

加上用户的后一位

4.order.orderItem${0...9}

=orderId

={orderId%10}

5.能不分就不分，根据业务走，

根据规则走