• 图书管理系统的实现

    目录

    一、系统的介绍

    二、各模块代码的实现 

    1、创建接口 

    2、创建Book包

    2.1 book类代码

    2.2 BookList类 

    3、 创建operation包

    3.1 AddOperation类

    3.2 DelOperation类

    3.3 ShowOperation类 

     3.4 BorrowOperation类

    3.5 ReturnOperation类 

    3.6 FindOperation类 

    3.7 ExitOperation类

    4、创建user包 

    4.1 User类

    4.2 NomalUser类

    4.3 AdminUser类 

    三、 主方法的实现

    一、系统的介绍

    1. 进入图书管理系统的用户分为：管理员用户和普通用户。
    2. 管理员用户所执行的操作有：查找图书、新增图书、删除图书、显示图书、退出系统。
    3. 普通用户所执行的操作有：查找图书、借阅图书、归还图书、退出系统。

    二、各模块代码的实现 

    1、创建接口 

    各操作类都要实现该接口，以便后期组织各操作类的对象： 

    1. package operation;
    2.  
    3. import Book.BookList;
    4.  
    5. public interface IOperation {
    6.     void work(BookList bookList);
    7. }

    2、创建Book包

    Book包里面存放book类及BookList类，相关代码如下：  

    2.1 book类代码

    1. package Book;
    2.  
    3. public class book {
    4.     private String name;
    5.     private String author;
    6.     private int price;
    7.     private String type;
    8.     private boolean isBorrowed;
    9.  
    10.     public book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
    11.         this.name = name;
    12.         this.author = author;
    13.         this.price = price;
    14.         this.type = type;
    15.     }
    16.  
    17.     public String getName() {
    18.         return name;
    19.     }
    20.  
    21.     public void setName(String name) {
    22.         this.name = name;
    23.     }
    24.  
    25.     public String getAuthor() {
    26.         return author;
    27.     }
    28.  
    29.     public void setAuthor(String author) {
    30.         this.author = author;
    31.     }
    32.  
    33.     public int getPrice() {
    34.         return price;
    35.     }
    36.  
    37.     public void setPrice(int price) {
    38.         this.price = price;
    39.     }
    40.  
    41.     public String getType() {
    42.         return type;
    43.     }
    44.  
    45.     public void setType(String type) {
    46.         this.type = type;
    47.     }
    48.  
    49.     public boolean isBorrowed() {
    50.         return isBorrowed;
    51.     }
    52.  
    53.     public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
    54.         isBorrowed = borrowed;
    55.     }
    56.  
    57.     @Override
    58.     public String toString() {
    59.         return "Book{" +
    60.                 "name='" + name + '\'' +
    61.                 ", author='" + author + '\'' +
    62.                 ", price=" + price +
    63.                 ", type='" + type + '\'' +
    64.                 ( (isBorrowed == true)?", 已被借出":", 未被借出")
    65.                 //", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed+
    66.                 +'}';
    67.     }
    68. }

    2.2 BookList类 

    BookList类是用来实现存放图书的功能的，相当于书架。在这里我设置的书架上最多能存放10本书（ int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;），并且书架上已存有三国演义、西游记、红楼梦三本书。

    1. package Book;
    2.  
    3. public class BookList {
    4.     private book[] books;
    5.     private int usedSize;  //记录当前书架上实际存放的书的数量
    6.     private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;
    7.  
    8.     public BookList() {
    9.  
    10.         this.books = new book[DEFAULT_CAPACITY];
    11.         this.books[0] = new book("三国演义","罗贯中",10,"小说");
    12.         this.books[1] = new book("西游记","吴承恩",9,"小说");
    13.         this.books[2] = new book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",19,"小说");
    14.  
    15.         this.usedSize = 3;
    16.     }
    17.  
    18.     public book getBook(int pos) {
    19.         return books[pos];
    20.     }
    21.  
    22.     public void setBooks(int pos, book book) {
    23.         this.books[pos] = book;
    24.     }
    25.  
    26.     public int getUsedSize() {
    27.         return usedSize;
    28.     }
    29.  
    30.     public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
    31.         this.usedSize = usedSize;
    32.     }
    33.  
    34.     public book[] getBooks() {
    35.         return books;
    36.     }
    37. }

    3、 创建operation包

     operation包里面存放实现对图书进行操作的类，相关代码如下：

    3.1 AddOperation类

    该类实现新增图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5.  
    6. public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
    7.     @Override
    8.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    9.  
    10.         System.out.println("新增图书");
    11.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    12.         System.out.println("请输入书名：");
    13.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    14.         System.out.println("请输入作者：");
    15.         String author = scanner.nextLine();
    16.         System.out.println("请输入类型：");
    17.         String type = scanner.nextLine();
    18.         System.out.println("请输入价格：");
    19.         int price = scanner.nextInt();
    20.  
    21.         book book = new book(name,author,price,type);
    22.  
    23.         //检查数组中有没有 这本书
    24.         int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    25.         for(int i = 0;i
    26.             book book1 = bookList.getBook(i);
    27.             if(book1.getName().equals(name)) {
    28.                 System.out.println("已有这本书，不再进行存放了！");
    29.                 return;
    30.             }
    31.         }
    32.         if(currentSize==bookList.getBooks().length) {
    33.             System.out.println("书架满了！");
    34.         }else {
    35.             bookList.setBooks(currentSize,book);
    36.             bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize+1);
    37.         }
    38.     }
    39. }

    3.2 DelOperation类

     该类实现删除图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5.  
    6. public class DelOperation implements IOperation{
    7.     @Override
    8.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    9.  
    10.         System.out.println("删除图书");
    11.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    12.         System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书：");
    13.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    14.         int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    15.         int pos = -1;
    16.         int i = 0;
    17.         for (; i < currentSize; i++) {
    18.             book book = bookList.getBook(i);
    19.             if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
    20.                 pos = i;
    21.                 break;
    22.             }
    23.         }
    24.         if (i>=currentSize) {
    25.             System.out.println("没有你要删除的图书!");
    26.             return;
    27.         }
    28.         //删除图书
    29.         int j = pos;
    30.         for (;j1;j++) {
    31.             bookList.setBooks(j,bookList.getBook(j+1));
    32.         }
    33.         bookList.setBooks(j,null);
    34.         bookList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
    35.     }
    36. }

    3.3 ShowOperation类 

      该类实现显示图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4. public class ShowOperation implements IOperation{
    5.     @Override
    6.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    7.         System.out.println("显示图书");
    8.         int currentSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    9.         for (int i = 0; i < currentSize; i++) {
    10.             book book = bookList.getBook(i);
    11.             System.out.println(book);
    12.  
    13.         }
    14.     }
    15. }

     3.4 BorrowOperation类

    该类实现普通用户借阅图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5.  
    6. public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation{
    7.     @Override
    8.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    9.  
    10.         System.out.println("借阅图书");
    11.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    12.         System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书：");
    13.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    14.         int currenSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    15.         int i=0;
    16.         for (;i
    17.             book book = bookList.getBook(i);
    18.             if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
    19.                 book.setBorrowed(true);
    20.                 System.out.println("借阅成功！");
    21.                 System.out.println(book);
    22.                 return;
    23.             }
    24.         }
    25.         if (i == currenSize) {
    26.             System.out.println("没有你要借阅的图书！");
    27.         }
    28.     }
    29. }

    3.5 ReturnOperation类 

    该类实现普通用户归还图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4.  
    5. import java.util.Scanner;
    6.  
    7. public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{
    8.     @Override
    9.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    10.         System.out.println("归还图书");
    11.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    12.         System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书：");
    13.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    14.         int currenSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    15.         int i=0;
    16.         for (;i
    17.             book book = bookList.getBook(i);
    18.             if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
    19.                 book.setBorrowed(false);
    20.                 System.out.println("归还成功！");
    21.                 System.out.println(book);
    22.                 return;
    23.             }
    24.         }
    25.         System.out.println("你归还的图书不存在！");
    26.     }
    27. }

    3.6 FindOperation类 

    该类实现查找图书的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. import Book.book;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5.  
    6. public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    7.     @Override
    8.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    9.  
    10.         System.out.println("查找图书");
    11.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    12.         System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书：");
    13.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    14.         int currenSize = bookList.getUsedSize();
    15.         int i = 0;
    16.         for (;i
    17.             book book = bookList.getBook(i);
    18.             if(book.getName().equals(name)) {
    19.                 System.out.println("找到了，信息如下：");
    20.                 System.out.println(book);
    21.                 return;
    22.             }
    23.         }
    24.         if (i >= currenSize) {
    25.             System.out.println("你要找的书不存在！");
    26.         }
    27.     }
    28. }

    3.7 ExitOperation类

    该类实现退出程序的功能 

    1. package operation;
    2. import Book.BookList;
    3. public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
    4.     @Override
    5.     public void work(BookList bookList) {
    6.         System.out.println("退出程序");
    7.         System.exit(0);
    8.     }
    9. }

    4、创建user包 

    user包里面装入User类、NomalUser类和AdminUser类， NomalUser类（普通用户）和AdminUser类（管理员用户）分别继承User类。

    4.1 User类

    1. package user;
    2.  
    3. import Book.BookList;
    4. import operation.IOperation;
    5.  
    6. public abstract class User {
    7.     protected String name;
    8.     protected IOperation[] iOperation;
    9.     public User(String name) {
    10.         this.name = name;
    11.     }
    12.    public abstract int menu();
    13.     public void doOperation(int choice, BookList bookList) {
    14.         iOperation[choice].work(bookList);
    15.     }
    16. }

    4.2 NomalUser类

    1. package user;
    2. import operation.IOperation;
    3. import operation.*;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5. public class NomalUser extends User{
    6.     public NomalUser(String name) {
    7.         super(name);
    8.         this.iOperation = new IOperation[]{
    9.                 new ExitOperation(),
    10.                 new FindOperation(),
    11.                 new BorrowOperation(),
    12.                 new ReturnOperation()
    13.         };
    14.     }
    15.     public int menu() {
    16.         System.out.println("**********普通用户******");
    17.         System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
    18.         System.out.println("2. 借阅图书");
    19.         System.out.println("3. 归还图书");
    20.         System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
    21.         System.out.println("**********************");
    22.  
    23.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    24.         System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
    25.         int choice = scanner.nextInt();
    26.  
    27.         return choice;
    28.     }
    29. }

    4.3 AdminUser类 

    1. package user;
    2. import operation.IOperation;
    3. import operation.*;
    4. import java.util.Scanner;
    5. public class AdminUser extends User{
    6.     public AdminUser(String name) {
    7.         super(name);
    8.         this.iOperation = new IOperation[]{
    9.                 new ExitOperation(),
    10.                 new FindOperation(),
    11.                 new AddOperation(),
    12.                 new DelOperation(),
    13.                 new ShowOperation(),
    14.         };
    15.     }
    16.     public int menu() {
    17.         System.out.println("**********管理员用户*****");
    18.         System.out.println("1. 查找图书");
    19.         System.out.println("2. 新增图书");
    20.         System.out.println("3. 删除图书");
    21.         System.out.println("4. 显示图书");
    22.         System.out.println("0. 退出系统");
    23.         System.out.println("**********************");
    24.  
    25.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    26.         System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");
    27.         int choice = scanner.nextInt();
    28.  
    29.         return choice;
    30.     }
    31. }

    三、 主方法的实现

    1. import Book.BookList;
    2. import user.AdminUser;
    3. import user.NomalUser;
    4. import user.User;
    5.  
    6. import java.util.Scanner;
    7. public class Main {
    8.     public static User login() {
    9.         System.out.println("请输入你的姓名：");
    10.         Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
    11.         String name = scanner.nextLine();
    12.         System.out.println("请输入你的身份，1：管理员 2：普通用户->");
    13.         int choice = scanner.nextInt();
    14.         if(choice == 1){
    15.             return new AdminUser(name);
    16.         }else {
    17.             return new NomalUser(name);
    18.         }
    19.     }
    20.  
    21.     public static void main(String[] args) {
    22.         BookList bookList = new BookList();
    23.         User user = login();
    24.         while (true) {
    25.             int choice = user.menu();
    26.            // System.out.println("choice:"+choice);
    27.             user.doOperation(choice,bookList);
    28.         }
    29.     }
    30. }

    这个图书管理系统的缺点：

    • 没有做到持久化的存储（比如，管理员增加了一本图书后，在下一次运行的时候，增加的图书就不存在了
    • 只是用到了数组

      

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61876562/article/details/133811874