[Python画图][科研可视化]小提琴图变形代码实现

背景

一组数据需要实现如下形状。经过辨识应该是小提琴图的变形。需要做些调整才能实现。

数据格式

name,category,catenum,nums
123,C,C1,0
111,C,C2,0
4223,C,C3,0
1
2
3
4

代码

import random

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd
import seaborn as sns
import warnings

warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

colors = ["#FADDDD", "#C5D9F0"]

df = pd.read_csv("test.csv")
# Create the violin plot using catplot
g = sns.catplot(x="name", y="nums", hue="category",
                data=df, orient="v", height=4, aspect=3, palette=colors,
                kind="violin", dodge=True, cut=0, bw=0.5, inner="stick")  # Set inner to None

# Set y-axis limits
g.set(ylim=(0, df["nums"].max()))  # Set the upper limit to the maximum age in the dataset
plt.xticks(rotation=45,ha='right')

# 获取每个小提琴的横坐标
violin_positions = {}
for i, name in enumerate(df["name"].unique()):
    violin_positions[name] = g.ax.get_xticks()[i]

x_ranges = []
for ax in g.axes.flat:
    x_ranges.append(ax.get_xlim())
print(x_ranges)
# 打印各个小提琴图的横坐标范围
for i, x_range in enumerate(x_ranges):
    print(f"Category {i+1}: {x_range}")

distance = x_ranges[0][1]-x_ranges[0][0]
every_dis = round(distance/(16*2),2)
print(every_dis)
last_ax = []
group_by_cate = {}
category_max = {}
for index, row in df.iterrows():
    x = row["name"]
    y = row["nums"]
    category = row["category"]
    catenum = row["catenum"]
    temp = {"name": x, "nums": y, "catenum": catenum,"category":category}
    last_ax.append(temp)
    cate_name = x+"-"+str(y)+"-"+category
    cate_name_num = group_by_cate.get(cate_name)
    if cate_name_num == None:
        cate_name_num = 0
    group_by_cate.update({cate_name:cate_name_num+1})
    cate_num = x+"-"+category
    max = category_max.get(cate_num)
    if max is None:
        max = 0
    if max < y:
        max = y
    category_max.update({cate_num:max})
print(group_by_cate)
print(category_max)
last_ax_data = pd.DataFrame(last_ax)
last_ax_data.to_csv("last_ax.csv")

sc_colors = ['red', 'blue']
has_draw = {}
for i in last_ax:
    name = i.get("name")
    y = i.get("nums")
    category = i.get("category")
    cate_name = name + "-" + str(y) + "-" + category
    gory_nums = group_by_cate.get(cate_name)
    cate_num = name+"-"+category
    max = category_max.get(cate_num)
    x = violin_positions.get(name)
    new_x = x
    col = 0
    has_draw_nums = has_draw.get(cate_name)
    size = 21
    if has_draw_nums==None:
        has_draw_nums=0
    if category=="C":
        # c分类的横坐标左移
        if gory_nums == 1:
            new_x = x-round((0.41/2),2)
        elif gory_nums==2:
            new_x = x-round((0.41/2),2)-round(random.uniform(-0.05,0.05),2)
            # y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
        elif gory_nums==3:
            new_x = x-round((0.41/2),2)
            if y == max and y>0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.1,0),2)
            elif y!=0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
        else:
            if y!=0 and has_draw_nums>=4:
                continue
            new_x = x-round((0.41/2),2)-round(random.uniform(-0.1,0.1),2)
            if y == max and y!=0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.1,0),2)
            elif y!=0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
                size = 50
            if max==0:
                new_x = x-round((0.41/2),2)-round(random.uniform(-0.18,0.18),2)
                y = y+0.02
    elif category=="P":
        col = 1
        # p分类的横坐标右移
        if gory_nums == 1:
            new_x = x+round((0.41/2),2)
        elif gory_nums==2:
            new_x = x+round((0.41/2),2)+round(random.uniform(-0.05,0.05),2)
            # y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
        elif gory_nums==3:
            new_x = x+round((0.41/2),2)
            if y == max and y>0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.1,0),2)
            elif y!=0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
        else:
            if y!=0 and has_draw_nums>=4:
                continue
            new_x = x+round((0.41/2),2)+round(random.uniform(-0.1,0.1),2)
            if y == max and y>0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.1,0),2)
            elif y!=0:
                y = y + round(random.uniform(-0.2,0.2),2)
                size = 50
            if max==0:
                new_x = x+round((0.41/2),2)-round(random.uniform(-0.18,0.18),2)
                y = y+0.02
    has_draw.update({cate_name:has_draw_nums+1})

    plt.scatter(new_x, y, color=sc_colors[col], marker='o', edgecolor=sc_colors[col],s=size,facecolor='none', linewidth=1, alpha=0.5)
    # if gory_nums>3:
print(has_draw)
    # 根据类别筛选对应的小提琴图范围

# plt.scatter(new_x, y, color='purple', marker='o', edgecolor='purple', linewidth=1, alpha=0.5)
# for ax in g.axes.flat:
# 获取小提琴图的限制范围
# limits = ax.get_xlim()
# print(limits)
# 绘制散点图
# for index, row in processed_data.iterrows():
#     # 获取散点的位置
#     x = row["name"]
#     y = row["nums"]
#     category = row["category"]
#
#     # 根据类别筛选对应的小提琴图范围
#     if category == "C":
#         new_x = x - 1  # 向左移动3个位置
#     elif category == "P":
#         new_x = x + 1  # 向右移动3个位置
#     else:
#         new_x = x
#
#     # 在小提琴曲线内部绘制散点图
#     plt.scatter(new_x, y, color='purple', marker='o', edgecolor='purple', linewidth=1, alpha=0.5)

# Adjust legend location and display
plt.yticks(range(0, int(df["nums"].max()) + 2, 1))
plt.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.5)
plt.show()
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