• Unittest接口自动化测试

    我又来了，来分享年前的unittest接口自动化实战啦。这次自动化接口框架比较简单，但是五脏俱全。(注:项目是针对我们公司内部系统的测试，我就不分享链接了。）

    项目简介

    项目名称：****名片系统

    项目目的：实现系统项目自动化测试执行

    项目版本：v1.0

    项目目录

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    tools  #存放辅助方法   configEmail.py   #发送测试报告电子邮件

    　　HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件

    　　log.py #输出日志文件

    　　mail_receiver.txt #存放接收人邮箱地址

    　　read_json.py #读取单一测试数据json文件

    　　read_more_json #读取more测试数据json文件report #存放html测试报告logs  #存放输入日志文件data  #存放参数化测试数据（json文件）case  #存放测试用例api   #存放封装测试方法

     

     

     

    caselist.txt    #存放要执行的测试用例

    getpathInfo.py    #获取当前路径

    runAll.py    #运行caselist.txt中的测试用例，输出测试报告　

    项目框架

    unittest单元测试框架

    项目设计

    1.每一个用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件

    2.一个模块（被测项目功能）对应一个py文件及一个测试类（测试文件）

    3.通过 parameterized 对参数进行参数化

    项目目标

    1. 生成测试用例执行结果报告

    2.生成测试用例执行日志

    3.用例执行失败或者执行完成后自动发送邮件报告

    4.数据驱动（读取测试数据，减少脚本维护成本）

    项目代码

      getpathInfo.py   #获取当前路径

    1. import os
    2.  
    3. def get_Path():
    4.     #获取上级路径
    5.     #path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), ".."))
    6.     #获取当前路径
    7.     path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
    8.     return path
    9.  
    10. if __name__ == '__main__':# 执行该文件，测试下是否OK
    11.     print('测试路径是否OK,路径为：', get_Path())

      caselist.txt  #存放可执行测试用例  runAll.py   #运行文件

    1.  
    2. import os
    3. import time
    4.  
    5. from BeautifulReport import BeautifulReport
    6.  
    7. import getpathInfo
    8. import tools.HTMLTestRunner as HTMLTestRunner
    9. import unittest
    10. from tools.configEmail import send_email, getReceiverInfo
    11. import tools.Log
    12.  
    13. path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
    14. report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report')
    15. log = tools.Log.logger
    16.  
    17. class AllTest:#定义一个类AllTest
    18.     def __init__(self):#初始化一些参数和数据
    19.         global resultPath
    20.         resultPath = os.path.join(report_path)
    21.         self.caseListFile = os.path.join(path, "caselist.txt")#配置执行哪些测试文件的配置文件路径
    22.         self.caseFile = os.path.join(path, "case")#真正的测试断言文件路径
    23.         self.caseList = []
    24.         log.info('resultPath'+resultPath)#将resultPath的值输入到日志，方便定位查看问题
    25.         log.info('caseListFile'+self.caseListFile)#同理
    26.         log.info('caseList'+str(self.caseList))#同理
    27.  
    28.     def set_case_list(self):
    29.         """
    30.         读取caselist.txt文件中的用例名称，并添加到caselist元素组
    31.         :return:
    32.         """
    33.         fb = open(self.caseListFile)
    34.         for value in fb.readlines():
    35.             data = str(value)
    36.             if data != '' and not data.startswith("#"):# 如果data非空且不以#开头
    37.                 self.caseList.append(data.replace("\n", ""))#读取每行数据会将换行转换为\n，去掉每行数据中的\n
    38.         fb.close()
    39.  
    40.     def set_case_suite(self):
    41.         """
    42.         :return:
    43.         """
    44.         self.set_case_list()#通过set_case_list()拿到caselist元素组
    45.         test_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    46.         suite_module = []
    47.         for case in self.caseList:#从caselist元素组中循环取出case
    48.             case_name = case.split("/")[-1]#通过split函数来将aaa/bbb分割字符串，-1取后面，0取前面
    49.             print(case_name+".py")#打印出取出来的名称
    50.             #批量加载用例，第一个参数为用例存放路径，第一个参数为路径文件名
    51.             discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(self.caseFile, pattern=case_name + '.py', top_level_dir=None)
    52.             suite_module.append(discover)#将discover存入suite_module元素组
    53.             print('suite_module:'+str(suite_module))
    54.         if len(suite_module) > 0:#判断suite_module元素组是否存在元素
    55.             for suite in suite_module:#如果存在，循环取出元素组内容，命名为suite
    56.                 for test_name in suite:#从discover中取出test_name，使用addTest添加到测试集
    57.                     test_suite.addTest(test_name)
    58.         else:
    59.             print('else:')
    60.             return None
    61.         return test_suite#返回测试集
    62.  
    63.     def run(self):
    64.         """
    65.         run test
    66.         :return:
    67.         """
    68.         try:
    69.             suit = self.set_case_suite()#调用set_case_suite获取test_suite
    70.             print('try')
    71.             print(str(suit))
    72.             if suit is not None:#判断test_suite是否为空
    73.                 print('if-suit')
    74.                 currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
    75.                 filename = currTime + '.html'
    76.                 # currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S')
    77.                 # fileName = report_path + r'\report'+ currTime + '.html'
    78.                 result = BeautifulReport(suit)
    79.                 result.report(filename= filename, description='接口测试报告')
    80.                 # fp = open(fileName, 'wb')
    81.                 # runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestReportCN \
    82.                 #     (stream=fp, title='自动化接口测试报告',
    83.                 #         description='处理器:Intel(R) Core(TM) '
    84.                 #                     'i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz 2.20 GHz '
    85.                 #                     '内存:8G 系统类型: 64位 版本: windows 10 专业版')
    86.                 # runner.run(suit)
    87.             else:
    88.                 print("Have no case to test.")
    89.         except Exception as ex:
    90.             print(str(ex))
    91.             #log.info(str(ex))
    92.  
    93.         finally:
    94.             print("*********TEST END*********")
    95.             #log.info("*********TEST END*********")
    96.             #fp.close()
    97.         #发送测试邮件
    98.         # read_msg = getReceiverInfo(
    99.         #     r'F:\python_test\Automation_interfaceTest\tools\mail_receiver.txt')
    100.         # sendmail = send_email(read_msg)
    101.         # sendmail.sendEmail(fileName)
    102. # pythoncom.CoInitialize()
    103. # scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
    104. # scheduler.add_job(AllTest().run, 'cron', day_of_week='1-5', hour=14, minute=59)
    105. # scheduler.start()
    106.  
    107. if __name__ == '__main__':
    108.     AllTest().run()

      tools   #辅助方法  configEmail.py  # 发送邮件

    1.  
    2. import os
    3. import smtplib
    4.  
    5.  
    6. import getpathInfo
    7. from tools.Log import Logger
    8. from email.mime.text import MIMEText
    9. from email.header import Header
    10. log = Logger(__name__)
    11. path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
    12. report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report')  # 存放测试报告文件的路径
    13. mail_path = os.path.join(path,'tools')#存放收件人地址文件路径
    14. class send_email():
    15.     '''
    16.         邮件配置信息
    17.         '''
    18.  
    19.     def __init__(self,
    20.                  receiver,
    21.                  subject='*******',
    22.                  server='smtp.qq.com',
    23.                  fromuser='******',
    24.                  frompassword='yjkxwfmrbumrbbce',
    25.                  sender='*******'):
    26.         """
    27.         :param receiver:
    28.         :param subject:
    29.         :param server:
    30.         :param fromuser:
    31.         :param frompassword:
    32.         :param sender:
    33.         """
    34.  
    35.         self._server = server
    36.         self._fromuser = fromuser
    37.         self._frompassword = frompassword
    38.         self._sender = sender
    39.         self._receiver = receiver
    40.         self._subject = subject
    41.  
    42.     def sendEmail(self, fileName):
    43.         """
    44.         :param filename:
    45.         :return:
    46.         """
    47.         #   打开报告文件读取文件内容
    48.         try:
    49.             f = open(os.path.join(report_path, fileName), 'rb')
    50.             fileMsg = f.read()
    51.         except Exception:
    52.             log.logger.exception(
    53.                 'open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, report_path))
    54.             log.logger.info('open and read file [%s] successed!' % fileName)
    55.         else:
    56.             f.close()
    57.             #   邮件主题
    58.             subject = 'Python test report'  #
    59.             #   邮件设置
    60.             msg = MIMEText(fileMsg, 'html', 'utf-8')
    61.             msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
    62.             msg['from'] = self._sender
    63.             #   连接服务器，登录服务器，发送邮件
    64.             try:
    65.                 smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
    66.                 smtp.connect(self._server)
    67.                 smtp.login(self._fromuser, self._frompassword)
    68.             except Exception:
    69.                 log.logger.exception('connect [%s] server failed or username and password incorrect!' % smtp)
    70.             else:
    71.                 log.logger.info('email server [%s] login success!' % smtp)
    72.                 try:
    73.                     smtp.sendmail(self._sender, self._receiver, msg.as_string())
    74.                 except Exception:
    75.                     log.logger.exception('send email failed!')
    76.                 else:
    77.                     log.logger.info('send email successed!')
    78.  
    79.  
    80. #   从文件中读取邮件接收人信息
    81. def getReceiverInfo(fileName):
    82.     '''
    83.     :param filename: 读取接收邮件人信息
    84.     :return: 接收邮件人信息
    85.     '''
    86.     try:
    87.         openFile = open(os.path.join(mail_path, fileName))
    88.     except Exception:
    89.         log.logger.exception('open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, mail_path))
    90.     else:
    91.         log.logger.info('open file [%s] successed!' % fileName)
    92.         for line in openFile:
    93.             msg = [i.strip() for i in line.split(',')]
    94.             log.logger.info('reading [%s] and got receiver value is [%s]' % (fileName, msg))
    95.             return msg
    96.  
    97.  
    98. if __name__ == '__main__':# 运营此文件来验证写的send_email是否正确
    99.     readMsg = getReceiverInfo('mail_receiver.txt')
    100.     sendmail = send_email(readMsg)
    101.     sendmail.sendEmail('report.html')

    1

    HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件
    log.py #输出日志文件

    1. import os
    2. import logging
    3. import time
    4. from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler
    5. import getpathInfo
    6.  
    7. path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
    8. log_path = os.path.join(path, 'logs')  # 存放log文件的路径
    9.  
    10. class Logger(object):
    11.     def __init__(self, logger_name='logs…'):
    12.         self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name)
    13.         logging.root.setLevel(logging.NOTSET)
    14.         currTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
    15.         self.log_file_name = currTime+'logs'  # 日志文件的名称
    16.         self.backup_count = 5  # 最多存放日志的数量
    17.         # 日志输出级别
    18.         self.console_output_level = 'WARNING'
    19.         self.file_output_level = 'DEBUG'
    20.         # 日志输出格式
    21.         self.formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s')
    22.  
    23.     def get_logger(self):
    24.         """在logger中添加日志句柄并返回，如果logger已有句柄，则直接返回"""
    25.         if not self.logger.handlers:  # 避免重复日志
    26.             console_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
    27.             console_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
    28.             console_handler.setLevel(self.console_output_level)
    29.             self.logger.addHandler(console_handler)
    30.  
    31.             # 每天重新创建一个日志文件，最多保留backup_count份
    32.             file_handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=os.path.join(log_path, self.log_file_name), when='D',
    33.                                                     interval=1, backupCount=self.backup_count, delay=True,
    34.                                                     encoding='utf-8')
    35.             file_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter)
    36.             file_handler.setLevel(self.file_output_level)
    37.             self.logger.addHandler(file_handler)
    38.         return self.logger
    39.  
    40.  
    41. logger = Logger().get_logger()

    　mail_receiver.txt  #存放接受人邮箱地址　read_json.py   # 读取单一测试数据 

    1.  
    2. import json
    3. import getpathInfo
    4.  
    5. import os
    6.  
    7.  
    8. class ReadJson(object):
    9.     def __init__(self,filename):
    10.         path = getpathInfo.get_Path()
    11.         self.filepath = os.path.join(path, 'data')+"/"+filename
    12.  
    13.     def read_json(self):
    14.          with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
    15.             # 调用load方法加载文件流
    16.             return json.load(f)
    17.  
    18. if __name__ == '__main__':
    19.     data = ReadJson("updateuserpwd.json").read_json()
    20.     arrs = []
    21.     arrs.append((data.get("url"),
    22.                 data.get("userId"),
    23.                 data.get("data"),
    24.                 data.get("success"),
    25.                 data.get("message")))
    26.     print(arrs)

    　read_more_json.py   # 读取more测试数据 

    1.  
    2. import json
    3.  
    4.  
    5. class ReadJson(object):
    6.     def __init__(self,filename):
    7.         self.filepath = '../data/' +filename
    8.  
    9.     def read_json(self):
    10.          with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f:
    11.             # 调用load方法加载文件流
    12.             return json.load(f)
    13.  
    14. if __name__ == '__main__':
    15.     datas = ReadJson("login_more.json").read_json()
    16.     arrs = []
    17.     for data in datas.values():
    18.         arrs.append((data.get("url"),
    19.                 data.get("mobile"),
    20.                 data.get("code"),
    21.                 data.get("expect_result"),
    22.                 data.get("status_code")))
    23.     print(arrs)

     #测试用例

    1.  
    2. import requests
    3.  
    4. class ApiLogin(object):
    5.  
    6.     def api_post_login(self,data):
    7.         #headers定义
    8.         headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"}
    9.         #url定义
    10.         url = "http://*******"
    11.         #调用post返回相应对象
    12.         return requests.post(url, headers=headers,data = data)

    1. #客户经理登录接口
    2. import sys
    3. import unittest
    4. from api.api_login import ApiLogin
    5. from parameterized import parameterized
    6. from tools.read_more_json  import ReadJson
    7. import tools.Log
    8.  
    9. log = tools.Log.logger
    10.  
    11. #读取数据函数
    12. def get_data():
    13.     datas = ReadJson('login.json').read_json()
    14.     arrs = []
    15.     for data in datas.values():
    16.         arrs.append((data.get("data"),
    17.                      data.get("message"),
    18.                      data.get("desc")))
    19.     return arrs
    20.  
    21. class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase):
    22.     '''登录接口 '''
    23.     @parameterized.expand(get_data())  # 参数化测试用例
    24.     def test_login(self,data,message,desc):
    25.         #调用登录方法
    26.         s = ApiLogin().api_post_login(data)
    27.         #调试使用添加描述
    28.         self._testMethodDoc = desc
    29.         #print('查看响应结果：',s.text)
    30.         #断言响应信息
    31.         self.assertIn(message,s.text)
    32.         # 生成响应日志
    33.         log.info('[%s]响应数据为:[%s]' % (sys._getframe().f_code.co_name, s.text))
    34.  
    35. if __name__ == '__main__':
    36.     unittest.main()

    #测试数据

    1. {
    2.    "login_001":{
    3.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    4.                "message": "名片管理系统",
    5.                "desc": "正常登录"},
    6.    "login_002": {
    7.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456n","memberPass": "on"},
    8.                "message": "密码不正确",
    9.                "desc": "账号错误登录"},
    10.    "login_003": {
    11.                "data":{"loginName":"admir", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    12.                "message": "账号不存在",
    13.                "desc": "密码错误登录"},
    14.    "login_004": {
    15.                "data":{"loginName":" ", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    16.                "message": "帐号密码登录",
    17.                "desc": "密码为空登录"},
    18.    "login_005": {
    19.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": " ","memberPass": "on"},
    20.                "message": "密码不正确",
    21.                "desc":"账号为空登录"},
    22.    "login_006": {
    23.                "data":{"loginName":"adm in", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    24.                "message": "账号不存在",
    25.                "desc":"账号存在空格登录"},
    26.    "login_007": {
    27.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123 456","memberPass": "on"},
    28.                "message": "密码不正确",
    29.                "desc":"密码存在空格登录"},
    30.    "login_008": {
    31.                "data":{"loginName":"admin.", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    32.                "message": "账号不存在",
    33.                "desc":"账号存在特殊符号登录"},
    34.    "login_009": {
    35.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456.","memberPass": "on"},
    36.                "message": "密码不正确",
    37.                "desc":"密码存在特殊符号登录"},
    38.    "login_010": {
    39.                "data":{"loginName":"admi", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"},
    40.                "message": "账号不存在",
    41.                "desc":"账号不完整登录"},
    42.    "login_010": {
    43.                "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "12345","memberPass": "on"},
    44.                "message": "密码不正确",
    45.                "desc":"密码不完整登录"}
    46. }

     #测试报告

     就这样吧，其他测试用例与之类似就不展出了。

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  • 原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/wqda125/article/details/133643943