手把手教你完成（Java）师生信息管理系统

对阶段一学到的知识进行应用，完成练手小项目。同时，也可以当做学校的课设来做。项目已上传 CSDN ，可以按需下载。

一、成果展示

添加学生（查看学生）

删除学生
添加老师(查看老师)
删除老师

二、实现步骤

就不写1、2、3、4了，按着顺序一步一来就好。为了避免出错可以模仿。

新建 project ，项目命名为 school-information-sysytem

创建模块，命名为school-edu-info-manager，选择自己电脑上配置好的 JDK，我电脑上安装的是12版本

创建包com.school.edu.info.manager

分别创建如下包，并在其下分别创建表中所示类

包	存储的类	作用
com.itheima.edu.info.manager.domain	Student.java Teacher.java	封装学生信息封装老师信息
com.itheima.edu.info.manager.dao	StudentDao.java TeacherDao.java	访问存储数据的数组,进行赠删改查（库管）
com.itheima.edu.info.manager.service	StudentService.java TeacherService.java	业务的逻辑处理（业务员）
com.itheima.edu.info.manager.controller	StudentController.java TeacherController.java	和用户打交道（客服接待）
com.itheima.edu.info.manager.entry	InfoManagerEntry.java	程序的入口类,提供一个main方法

环境搭建完成，将代码直接分别复制到类里面即可。（包名称不同的话，给包重命名就ok啦！）

1. damain包

Student.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.damain;

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String age;
    private String birthday;

    public Student() {
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}
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Teacher.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.damain;

public class Teacher {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String age;
    private String birthday;

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }

    public void setBirthday(String birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}
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2. controller包

StudentController.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.controller;

import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Student;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.service.StudentService;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentController {
    private StudentService studentService = new StudentService();
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

    // 开启学生管理系统, 并展示学生管理系统菜单
    public void start() {

        StudentLoop:
        while (true) {

            System.out.println("--------欢迎来到 <学生> 管理系统--------");
            System.out.println("请输入您的选择: 1.添加学生  2.删除学生  3.修改学生  4.查看学生  5.退出");
            String choice = sc.next();
            switch (choice) {
                case "1":
                    //System.out.println("添加");
                    addStudent();
                    break;
                case "2":
//                    System.out.println("删除");
                    deleteStudentById();
                    break;
                case "3":
//                    System.out.println("修改");
                    uppDateStudent();
                    break;
                case "4":
//                    System.out.println("查看");
                    findAllStudent();
                    break;
                case "5":
                    System.out.println("感谢您使用学生管理系统, 再见!");
                    break StudentLoop;
                default:
                    System.out.println("您的输入有误，请重新输入");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    public void uppDateStudent() {
        String uppdateId = inputStudentId();

        Student newstu = inputStudentInfo(uppdateId);
        studentService.uppDateStudent(uppdateId, newstu);
        System.out.println("修改成功！");
    }

    public void deleteStudentById() {
        String delId = inputStudentId();
        studentService.deleteStudentById(delId);
        System.out.println("删除成功!");

    }

    // 查看学生方法
    public void findAllStudent() {
// 1. 调用业务员中的获取方法, 得到学生的对象数组
        Student[] stus = studentService.findAllStudent();
// 2. 判断数组的内存地址, 是否为null
        if (stus == null) {
            System.out.println("查无信息, 请添加后重试");
        }
        System.out.println("学号\t\t姓名\t\t年龄\t\t生日");
// 3. 遍历数组, 获取学生信息并打印在控制台
        for (int i = 0; i < stus.length; i++) {
            Student stu = stus[i];
            if (stu != null) {
                System.out.println(stu.getId() + "\t\t" + stu.getName() + "\t\t" + stu.getAge() + "\t\t" + stu.getBirthday());
            }
        }
    }

    // 添加学生方法
    public void addStudent() {
        String id;
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入学生id：");
            id = sc.next();
            boolean flag = studentService.isExist(id);
            if (flag) {
                System.out.println("学号已被占用, 请重新输入");
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }

        Student stu = inputStudentInfo(id);

        // 3. 将学生对象,传递给StudentService(业务员)中的addStudent方法
        boolean result = studentService.addStudent(stu);
        if (result) {
            System.out.println("添加成功");
        } else {
            System.out.println("添加失败");
        }
        // 4. 根据返回的boolean类型结果, 在控制台打印成功\失败
    }

    public String inputStudentId() {
        String Id;
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请输入学生id：");
            Id = sc.next();
            boolean exist = studentService.isExist(Id);
            if (!exist) {
                System.out.println("您输入的id不存在，请重新输入：");
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
        return Id;
    }

    public Student inputStudentInfo(String id) {
        System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生年龄：");
        String age = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生生日：");
        String birthday = sc.next();

        // 2. 将学生信息封装为学生对象
        Student stu = new Student();
        stu.setId(id);
        stu.setName(name);
        stu.setAge(age);
        stu.setBirthday(birthday);
        return stu;
    }
}
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TeacherController.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.controller;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Teacher;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.service.TeacherService;

import java.util.PrimitiveIterator;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class TeacherController {

    private Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
    private TeacherService teacherService = new TeacherService();

    public void start() {

        teacherLoop:
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("--------欢迎来到 <老师> 管理系统--------");
            System.out.println("请输入您的选择: 1.添加老师  2.删除老师  3.修改老师  4.查看老师  5.退出");
            String choice = sc.next();
            switch (choice) {
                case "1":
                    // System.out.println("添加老师");
                    addTeacher();
                    break;
                case "2":
                    // System.out.println("删除老师");
                    deleteTeacherById();
                    break;
                case "3":
                    // System.out.println("修改老师");
                    updateTeacher();
                    break;
                case "4":
                    // System.out.println("查看老师");
                    findAllTeacher();
                    break;
                case "5":
                    System.out.println("感谢您使用老师管理系统, 再见!");
                    break teacherLoop;
                default:
                    System.out.println("您的输入有误, 请重新输入");
                    break;
            }
        }

    }

    public void updateTeacher() {
        String id = inputTeacherId();

        Teacher newTeacher = inputTeacherInfo(id);

        // 调用业务员的修改方法
        teacherService.updateTeacher(id,newTeacher);
        System.out.println("修改成功");
    }

    public void deleteTeacherById() {

        String id = inputTeacherId();

        // 2. 调用业务员中的删除方法, 根据id, 删除老师
        teacherService.deleteTeacherById(id);

        // 3. 提示删除成功
        System.out.println("删除成功");


    }

    public void findAllTeacher() {
        // 1. 从业务员中, 获取老师对象数组
        Teacher[] teachers = teacherService.findAllTeacher();

        // 2. 判断数组中是否有元素
        if (teachers == null) {
            System.out.println("查无信息, 请添加后重试");
            return;
        }

        // 3. 遍历数组, 取出元素, 并打印在控制台
        System.out.println("学号\t\t姓名\t\t年龄\t\t生日");
        for (int i = 0; i < teachers.length; i++) {
            Teacher t = teachers[i];
            if (t != null) {
                System.out.println(t.getId() + "\t\t" + t.getName() + "\t\t" + t.getAge() + "\t\t" + t.getBirthday());
            }
        }
    }

    public void addTeacher() {
        String id;
        while (true) {
            // 1. 接收不存在的老师id
            System.out.println("请输入老师id:");
            id = sc.next();
            // 2. 判断id是否存在
            boolean exists = teacherService.isExists(id);

            if (exists) {
                System.out.println("id已被占用, 请重新输入:");
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }

        Teacher t = inputTeacherInfo(id);

        // 5. 将封装好的老师对象, 传递给TeacherService继续完成添加操作
        boolean result = teacherService.addTeacher(t);

        if (result) {
            System.out.println("添加成功");
        } else {
            System.out.println("添加失败");
        }
    }

    // 录入老师id
    public String inputTeacherId(){
        String id;
        while(true){
            System.out.println("请输入id");
            id = sc.next();
            boolean exists = teacherService.isExists(id);
            if(!exists){
                System.out.println("您输入的id不存在, 请重新输入:");
            }else{
                break;
            }
        }
        return id;
    }

    // 录入老师信息, 封装为老师对象
    public Teacher inputTeacherInfo(String id){
        System.out.println("请输入老师姓名:");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入老师年龄:");
        String age = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入老师生日:");
        String birthday = sc.next();

        Teacher t = new Teacher();
        t.setId(id);
        t.setName(name);
        t.setAge(age);
        t.setBirthday(birthday);

        return t;
    }
}
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3. service包

StudentService.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.service;

import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Student;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.dao.StudentDao;

public class StudentService {
    // 1.创建StudentDao (库管)
    private StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();

    public boolean addStudent(Student stu) {
        // 2. 将学生对象, 传递给StudentDao 库管中的addStudent方法
        // 3. 将返回的boolean类型结果, 返还给StudentController
        return studentDao.addStudent(stu);
    }

    public boolean isExist(String id) {
        Student[] stus = studentDao.findAllStudent();
        //假设id不存在
        boolean exists = false;
        // 遍历数组, 获取每一个学生对象, 准备进行判断
        for (int i = 0; i < stus.length; i++) {
            Student student = stus[i];
            if (student != null && student.getId().equals(id)) {
                exists = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        return exists;
    }

    public Student[] findAllStudent() {
        Student[] allStudent = studentDao.findAllStudent();
        boolean flag = false;
        for (int i = 0; i < allStudent.length; i++) {
            Student stu = allStudent[i];
            if (stu == null) {
                flag = true;
                break;
            }
        }
        if (flag) {
            return allStudent;
        } else {
            return null;
        }

    }

    public void deleteStudentById(String delId) {
        studentDao.deleteStudentById(delId);
    }

    public void uppDateStudent(String uppdateId, Student newstu) {
        studentDao.uppDateStudent(uppdateId,newstu);
    }
}
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TeacherService.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.service;


import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Teacher;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.dao.TeacherDao;

public class TeacherService {

    private TeacherDao teacherDao = new TeacherDao();

    public boolean addTeacher(Teacher t) {
        return teacherDao.addTeacher(t);
    }

    public boolean isExists(String id) {
        // 1. 获取库管对象中的数组
        Teacher[] teachers = teacherDao.findAllTeacher();

        boolean exists = false;

        // 2. 遍历数组, 取出每一个元素, 进行判断
        for (int i = 0; i < teachers.length; i++) {
            Teacher teacher = teachers[i];
            if(teacher != null && teacher.getId().equals(id)){
                exists = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        return exists;
    }

    public Teacher[] findAllTeacher() {
        Teacher[] allTeacher = teacherDao.findAllTeacher();

        boolean flag = false;

        for (int i = 0; i < allTeacher.length; i++) {
            Teacher t = allTeacher[i];
            if(t != null){
                flag = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(flag){
            return allTeacher;
        }else{
            return null;
        }

    }

    public void deleteTeacherById(String id) {
        teacherDao.deleteTeacherById(id);
    }

    public void updateTeacher(String id, Teacher newTeacher) {
        teacherDao.updateTeacher(id,newTeacher);
    }
}
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4. dao包

StudentDao.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.dao;

import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Student;

public class StudentDao {
    // 创建学生对象数组
    private static Student[] stus = new Student[5];

    public boolean addStudent(Student stu) {


        // 添加学生到数组
        //定义变量index为-1，假设数组已经全部存满，没有null的元素
        int index = 1;
        //遍历数组取出每一个元素，判断是否是null
        for (int i = 0; i < stus.length; i++) {
            Student student = stus[i];
            if (student == null) {
                index = i;
                //如果为null，让index变量记录当前索引位置，并使用break结束循环遍历
                break;
            }
        }
        //返回是否添加成功的boolean类型状态
        if (index == -1) {
            // 装满了
            return false;
        } else {
            // 没有装满, 正常添加, 返回true
            stus[index] = stu;
            return true;
        }
    }

    public Student[] findAllStudent() {
        return stus;
    }

    public void deleteStudentById(String delId) {
        int index = getIndex(delId);
        stus[index] = null;
    }

    public int getIndex(String id) {
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < stus.length; i++) {
            Student stu = stus[i];
            if (stu != null && stu.getId().equals(id)) {
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }
        return index;
    }

    public void uppDateStudent(String uppdateId, Student newstu) {
        int index = getIndex(uppdateId);
        stus[index] = newstu;
    }
}
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TeacherDao.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.dao;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.damain.Teacher;


public class TeacherDao {

    private static Teacher[] teachers = new Teacher[5];

    public boolean addTeacher(Teacher t) {
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < teachers.length; i++) {
            Teacher teacher = teachers[i];
            if(teacher == null){
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }

        if(index == -1){
            return false;
        }else{
            teachers[index] = t;
            return true;
        }

    }

    public Teacher[] findAllTeacher() {
        return teachers;
    }

    public void deleteTeacherById(String id) {
        // 1. 查询id在数组中的索引位置
        int index = getIndex(id);
        // 2. 将该索引位置的元素, 使用null进行替换
        teachers[index] = null;
    }

    public int getIndex(String id){
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < teachers.length; i++) {
            Teacher t = teachers[i];
            if(t != null && t.getId().equals(id)){
                index = i;
                break;
            }
        }

        return index;
    }

    public void updateTeacher(String id, Teacher newTeacher) {
        int index = getIndex(id);
        teachers[index] = newTeacher;
    }
}
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5. entry包

InfoManagerEntry.java

package com.school.edu.info.manager.entry;

import com.school.edu.info.manager.controller.StudentController;
import com.school.edu.info.manager.controller.TeacherController;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class InfoManagerEntry {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //主菜单搭建
        while (true) {
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            System.out.println("--------欢迎来到师生信息管理系统--------");
            System.out.println("请输入您的选择: 1.学生管理  2.老师管理  3.退出");
            String choice = sc.next();
            switch (choice) {
                case "1":
                   System.out.println("学生管理");
                    //开启学生管理系统
                    StudentController studentcontroller = new StudentController();
                    studentcontroller.start();
                    break;
                case "2":
                    System.out.println("老师管理");
                    TeacherController teacherController = new TeacherController();
                    teacherController.start();
                    break;
                case "3":
                    System.out.println("感谢您的使用");
                    System.exit(0); // 退出当前正在运行的JVM虚拟机
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("您的输入有误，请重新输入");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}
tln("学生管理");
                    //开启学生管理系统
                    StudentController studentcontroller = new StudentController();
                    studentcontroller.start();
                    break;
                case "2":
                    System.out.println("老师管理");
                    TeacherController teacherController = new TeacherController();
                    teacherController.start();
                    break;
                case "3":
                    System.out.println("感谢您的使用");
                    System.exit(0); // 退出当前正在运行的JVM虚拟机
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("您的输入有误，请重新输入");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}
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原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_59611876/article/details/133500311