在接触接口测试过程中补了很多课,
终于有点领悟接口测试的根本;
偶是个实用派~,那么现实中没有用的东西,基本上我都不会有很大的概念;
下面给的是接口测试的统一大步骤,其实就是让我们对接口测试有一个整体的概念,我们要做或学习接口测试,应该从那些地方着手,也就是告诉你,百度搜索了半天接口测试之后,我还是没有概念,那怎么办呢,那么下面这些步骤就是,你需要把接口测试拆开来了解的步骤;
如第一步,百度之后,要研究什么是resful,怎么个增删改查;
这些步骤都可以拆开来,反复实践,等把这些步骤都拆开来,实践完了,你的接口测试也就通透了,通杀所有接口测试
接口测试:Http类,webservice类 其实大同小异
找一个你自己的项目,没人做过接口测试的也可以,这样你可以自己想明白 怎么测,而不是用别人的思想,思想。。。最重要,可是没有思路到有思路的路程并不长,只是你要开始做这个事情,相信我,会很快,你发现自己确实很聪明~~~~~~
声明:我的这些东西之所以能入门,主要归功于乙醇大神的接口测试概念和冯xx朋友的不吝赐教以及网络上的各种散碎思想;
第一步: 先要明白你要测什么? 本质就是增,删,改,查。(学名叫 resful);
第二步:先用网上推荐的工具来感觉一下(比如:postman, 比如:SoapUI)
第三步:get, post, put, delete 大概怎么个用法,比如传参(比如 json串),怎么看结果(这些确实需要你有些技术基础的,比如 端口,返回值,编码类型)
第四步:那么,那么,我们学了语言,那就来用用吧(一定要拿写好的接口例子来看看,要不然,你不知道用这个语言的什么包或什么函数来帮我们获取到URl的数据等...)
第五步:那么我们加入框架吧(Unittest),这样和前面你的老版本,自创的那一版对比一下,会感触~~,然后明白为什么用框架, 实践确实是个有意思的事情;
第六步:把你的那些参数放入数据库,或者excel等等 实现数据驱动;倒腾吧
第七步:优化你的代码,反复反复倒腾 重构,你应该在通往 python高手的路上了
第八步:当然如果你会Java但是并不会用它写接口测试,那么把这些用例变成Java吧
第九步:那么你还能干嘛,还多着呢,思考:你现在这个接口是否只测试了A接口,那么B接口能测试吗? 比如C调用A接口,那么C是一个接口呢? 是吗~~ 你能分辨出来吗,把它弄清楚,如果不是接口,或者它是什么,能测试吗,怎么测试?
第十步:自己做一个假的接口(Moco):最好和你现在的项目结合的,比如开发正在开发的(和开发沟通);自己测试
第十一步:自己写一个接口(可以先按照之前开发开发好的接口,照葫芦画瓢一个,那也要画,必须画,谁叫你是做测试的,知己知彼呀~),先简单,后复杂,主要倒腾清楚原理就行,反正你也不做开发(当然如果你想做开发,那去做开发吧,别在这浪费时间);自己测试
第十二步: 开始倒腾 测试第二个接口,这次你直接从第六步开始就行(代码优美可不是一天炼成的)
如果你倒腾的很细的话,本人认为倒腾三个接口应该很够了,最后一定记得拿你这个知识到市场去卖钱哟;科技是第一生产力~~
其实,其实 有了这个基础 应该倒腾自动化的其他就不难了
第一版 unittest 框架源码
- 1 # Lawsuit_interface_unittest.py
- 2 # coding:utf-8
- 3
- 4 import json
- 5 import unittest
- 6 from suds.client import Client
- 7
- 8
- 9 class Lawsuit_interface_testing(unittest.TestCase):
- 10
- 11 def setUp(self):
- 12 self.url = "http://.....:8080/sys/webservice/sysNotifyTodoWebService?wsdl"
- 13 self.client = Client(self.url) #
- 14
- 15 def tearDown(self):
- 16 pass
- 17
- 18 def test_getTodo(self):
- 19
- 20 notify_TodoGetContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 21 'notifyTodoGetContext')
- 22 notify_TodoGetContext.otherCond = ""
- 23 notify_TodoGetContext.pageNo = 1
- 24 notify_TodoGetContext.rowSize = 3
- 25 notify_TodoGetContext.targets = json.dumps(
- 26 {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
- 27 notify_TodoGetContext.type = 1
- 28 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.getTodo(
- 29 notify_TodoGetContext)
- 30 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 31 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 32
- 33 def test_sendTodo(self):
- 34
- 35 notify_TodoSendContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 36 'notifyTodoSendContext')
- 37 notify_TodoSendContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
- 38 notify_TodoSendContext.createTime = "2015-11-27 15:32:39"
- 39 notify_TodoSendContext.key = ''
- 40 notify_TodoSendContext.link = 'http://wwww.baidu.com'
- 41 notify_TodoSendContext.subject = 'Lawsuit_testing'
- 42 notify_TodoSendContext.modelId = '123456789'
- 43 notify_TodoSendContext.modelName = "Lawsuit"
- 44 notify_TodoSendContext.targets = json.dumps(
- 45 {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
- 46 notify_TodoSendContext.type = 1
- 47 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.sendTodo(
- 48 notify_TodoSendContext)
- 49 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 50 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 51
- 52 def test_deleteTodo(self):
- 53
- 54 notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 55 'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
- 56 notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
- 57 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = '123456789'
- 58 notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
- 59 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = "Lawsuit"
- 60 notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = 1
- 61 notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = json.dumps(
- 62 {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
- 63 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.deleteTodo(
- 64 notify_TodoRemoveContext)
- 65 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 66 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 67
- 68 def test_setTodoDone(self):
- 69
- 70 notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 71 'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
- 72 notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = "Lawsuit"
- 73 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = '123456789'
- 74 notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
- 75 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = "Lawsuit_testing"
- 76 notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = 1
- 77 notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = json.dumps(
- 78 {"LoginName": "xiaoming"})
- 79 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.setTodoDone(
- 80 notify_TodoRemoveContext)
- 81 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 82 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 83
- 84
- 85 if __name__ == '__main__':
- 86 unittest.main()
第二版 使用excel 数据驱动
- 1 # Lawsuit_interface_unittest_excel_v1.1.py
- 2 # coding:utf-8
- 3
- 4 import unittest
- 5 import json
- 6 import xlrd
- 7 from suds.client import Client
- 8 import time
- 9 import sys
- 10
- 11
- 12 class Lawsuit_interface_testing(unittest.TestCase):
- 13
- 14 def setUp(self):
- 15 self.url ='http:// xx?wsdl'
- 16 self.client = Client(self.url)
- 17 self.xlsfile = r'lawsuit_casedata.xlsx'
- 18 self.excel_data(self.xlsfile)
- 19
- 20 def tearDown(self):
- 21 pass
- 22
- 23 def test_getToDO(self):
- 24
- 25 self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
- 26
- 27 notify_TodoGetContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 28 'notifyTodoGetContext')
- 29 notify_TodoGetContext.pageNo = self.pageNo_value
- 30 notify_TodoGetContext.rowSize = self.rowSize_value
- 31 # another way to json
- 32 # notify_TodoGetContext.targets = "{ \"LoginName\": \"xiaoming\" }"
- 33 notify_TodoGetContext.targets = self.targets_value
- 34 notify_TodoGetContext.type = self.ptype_value
- 35
- 36 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.getTodo(
- 37 notify_TodoGetContext)
- 38 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 39
- 40 print returnState
- 41 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 42
- 43 def test_sendTodo(self):
- 44 self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
- 45
- 46 notify_TodoSendContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 47 'notifyTodoSendContext')
- 48 notify_TodoSendContext.appName = self.appName_value
- 49 notify_TodoSendContext.createTime = self.creatime_value
- 50 # notify_TodoSendContext.key = ''
- 51 notify_TodoSendContext.link = self.link_value
- 52 notify_TodoSendContext.subject = self.subject_value
- 53 notify_TodoSendContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
- 54 notify_TodoSendContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
- 55 notify_TodoSendContext.targets = self.targets_value
- 56 notify_TodoSendContext.type = self.ptype_value
- 57 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.sendTodo(
- 58 notify_TodoSendContext)
- 59 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 60 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 61
- 62 def test_deleteTodo(self):
- 63 self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
- 64
- 65 notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 66 'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
- 67 notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = self.appName_value
- 68 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
- 69 # notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
- 70 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
- 71 notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = self.optType_value
- 72 notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = self.targets_value
- 73 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.deleteTodo(
- 74 notify_TodoRemoveContext)
- 75 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 76 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 77
- 78 def test_setTodoDone(self):
- 79 self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
- 80
- 81 notify_TodoRemoveContext = self.client.factory.create(
- 82 'notifyTodoRemoveContext')
- 83 notify_TodoRemoveContext.appName = self.appName_value
- 84 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelId = self.modelId_value
- 85 # notify_TodoRemoveContext.key = ''
- 86 notify_TodoRemoveContext.modelName = self.modelName_value
- 87 notify_TodoRemoveContext.optType = self.optType_value
- 88 notify_TodoRemoveContext.targets = self.targets_value
- 89 notify_TodoAppResult = self.client.service.setTodoDone(
- 90 notify_TodoRemoveContext)
- 91 returnState = notify_TodoAppResult.returnState
- 92 self.assertEqual(returnState, 2)
- 93
- 94 def excel_data(self, xlsfile):
- 95
- 96 self.Cannot_find_file(self.xlsfile)
- 97 book = xlrd.open_workbook(xlsfile)
- 98 api_sheet = book.sheet_by_index(0)
- 99 nrows = api_sheet.nrows
- 100 for i in range(1, nrows):
- 101 caseID = api_sheet.cell(i, 0)
- 102 appName = api_sheet.cell(i, 1)
- 103 creatime = time.strftime(
- 104 time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %X', time.localtime(time.time())))
- 105 link = api_sheet.cell(i, 3)
- 106 subject = api_sheet.cell(i, 4)
- 107 modelId = api_sheet.cell(i, 5)
- 108 modelName = api_sheet.cell(i, 6)
- 109 targets = api_sheet.cell(i, 7)
- 110 ptype = api_sheet.cell(i, 8)
- 111 pageNo = api_sheet.cell(i, 9)
- 112 rowSize = api_sheet.cell(i, 10)
- 113 optType = api_sheet.cell(i, 11)
- 114 # returnstatue = api_sheet.cell(i, 12)
- 115 # message = api_sheet.cell(i, 13)
- 116 if api_sheet.cell(i, 0).ctype != 0:
- 117 # caseID_value=str(int(caseID.value))
- 118 self.appName_value = appName.value
- 119 self.creatime_value=creatime
- 120 self.link_value = link.value
- 121 self.subject_value = subject.value
- 122 self.modelId_value = modelId.value
- 123 self.modelName_value = modelName.value
- 124 # print type(targets)
- 125 self.targets_value = targets.value
- 126 # print type(targets.value)
- 127 self.ptype_value = int(ptype.value)
- 128 self.pageNo_value = int(pageNo.value)
- 129 self.rowSize_value = int(rowSize.value)
- 130 self.optType_value = int(optType.value)
- 131
- 132 # returnstatue_value=returnstatue.value
- 133 # message_value=message.value
- 134 else:
- 135 return 0
- 136 # data1=
- 137
- 138 # return data1
- 139
- 140 # exception
- 141
- 142 def Cannot_find_file(self, xlsfile):
- 143 try:
- 144 foo = open(self.xlsfile)
- 145 except EnvironmentError as err:
- 146 print "Unable to open file:{}".format(err)
- 147 sys.exit(1)
- 148
- 149
- 150 if __name__ == '__main__':
- 151 unittest.main()
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