Python封装一个接收UDP组播的模块

• Python封装一个可以接收UDP组播的类MulticastDataReceiver，在子线程中接收组播数据

# udp_multicast.py
import socket
import threading
import time


class MulticastDataReceiver:
    def __init__(self, multicast_group, multicast_port, dest_addr, dest_port):
        self.multicast_group = multicast_group
        self.multicast_port = multicast_port

        self.dest_addr = dest_addr
        self.dest_port = dest_port

        self.sock = None
        self.thread_recv = None
        self.thread_send = None
        self.running = False

    def start(self):
        # 创建UDP套接字
        self.sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
        # 允许端口复用
        self.sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
        # 绑定本机IP和组播端口
        self.sock.bind(('', self.multicast_port))
        # 设置UDP Socket的组播数据包的TTL（Time To Live）值
        self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 255)
        # 声明套接字为组播类型
        self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 1)
        # 加入多播组
        self.sock.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IP, socket.IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP,
                             socket.inet_aton(self.multicast_group) + socket.inet_aton('0.0.0.0'))

        self.running = True
        self.thread_recv = threading.Thread(target=self._receive_data)
        self.thread_send = threading.Thread(target=self._send_data)
        self.thread_recv.start()
        self.thread_send.start()

    def stop(self):
        self.running = False
        if self.thread_recv:
            self.thread_recv.join()
        if self.thread_send:
            self.thread_send.join()
        if self.sock:
            self.sock.close()

    # 接收数据
    def _receive_data(self):
        while self.running:
            data, address = self.sock.recvfrom(1024)
            print(f"Received data from {address}: {data.decode()}")

    # 发送数据
    def _send_data(self):
        while self.running:
            data = "HLD"
            self.sock.sendto(data.encode(), (self.dest_addr, self.dest_port))
            # 休眠2秒
            time.sleep(2)

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• 在main函数中的调用示例

# main.py
import time
import udp_multicast as UDPWorker

def main():
    # 组播地址和端口
    multicast_group = '224.0.0.1'
    multicast_port = 5020

    dest_addr = '127.0.0.1'
    dest_port = 19988

    receiver = UDPWorker.MulticastDataReceiver(multicast_group, multicast_port, dest_addr, dest_port)
    receiver.start()

    try:
        while True:
            time.sleep(2)
            pass
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        receiver.stop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
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• 效果截图