• .NET Core 实现Excel的导入导出


    前言

    我们在日常开发中对Excel的操作可能会比较频繁,好多功能都会涉及到Excel的操作。在.Net Core中大家可能使用Npoi比较多,这款软件功能也十分强大,而且接近原始编程。但是直接使用Npoi大部分时候我们可能都会自己封装一下,毕竟根据二八原则,我们百分之八十的场景可能都是进行简单的导入导出操作,这里就引出我们的主角Npoi。

    NPOI简介

    NPOI是指构建在POI 3.x版本之上的一个程序,NPOI可以在没有安装Office的情况下对Word或Excel文档进行读写操作。NPOI是一个开源的C#读写Excel、WORD等微软OLE2组件文档的项目。

    一、安装相对应的程序包

    在 .Net Core 中使用NPOI首先必须先安装NPOI;如下图所示:
    右键项目,选择“管理 NuGet 程序包”菜单

    1.1、在 “管理NuGet程序包” 中的浏览搜索:“NPOI”

    相关安装包的安装
    点击安装以上两个即可,安装完成之后最好重新编译一下项目以防出错

    二、新建Excel帮助类

    在项目中新建“ExcelHelper”类;此类用于封装导入导出以及其他配置方法。代码如下:

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Data;
    using System.IO;
    using NPOI;
    using System.Text;
    using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
    using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;
    using NPOI.SS.Formula.Eval;
    using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
    using NPOI.SS.Util;
    using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
    using System.Reflection;
    using System.Collections;
    using NPOI.HSSF.Util;
    
    namespace WebApplication1 //命名空间依据自己的项目进行修改
    {
        /// 
        /// Excel帮助类
        /// 功能:
        ///   1、导出数据到Excel文件中
        ///   2、将Excel文件的数据导入到List对象集合中
        /// 
        public static class ExcelHelper
        {
            /// 
            /// 导出列名
            /// 
            public static SortedList ListColumnsName;
    
            #region 从DataTable导出到excel文件中,支持xls和xlsx格式
    
            #region 导出为xls文件内部方法
    
            /// 
            /// 从DataTable 中导出到excel
            /// 
            /// excel文件名
            /// datatabe源数据
            /// 表名
            /// sheet的编号
            /// 
            static MemoryStream ExportDT(string strFileName, DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, Dictionary<string, string> dir, int sheetnum)
            {
                //创建工作簿和sheet
                IWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
                using (Stream writefile = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    if (writefile.Length > 0 && sheetnum > 0)
                    {
                        workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(writefile);
                    }
                }
                ISheet sheet = null;
                ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
                dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
                int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
                foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
                {
                    arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(Convert.ToString(item.ColumnName)).Length;
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
                    {
                        int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(Convert.ToString(dtSource.Rows[i][j])).Length;
                        if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                        {
                            arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                        }
                    }
                }
                int rowIndex = 0;
                foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
                {
                    #region 新建表,填充表头,填充列头,样式
                    if (rowIndex == 0)
                    {
                        string sheetName = strHeaderText + (sheetnum == 0 ? "" : sheetnum.ToString());
                        if (workbook.GetSheetIndex(sheetName) >= 0)
                        {
                            workbook.RemoveSheetAt(workbook.GetSheetIndex(sheetName));
                        }
                        sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
                        #region 表头及样式
                        {
                            sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
                            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
                            headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
                            headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);
                            ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                            headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                            IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                            font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
                            font.Boldweight = 700;
                            headStyle.SetFont(font);
                            headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
    
                            rowIndex = 1;
                        }
                        #endregion
    
                        #region 列头及样式
    
                        if (rowIndex == 1)
                        {
                            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);//第二行设置列名
                            ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                            headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                            IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                            font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
                            font.Boldweight = 700;
                            headStyle.SetFont(font);
                            //写入列标题
                            foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                            {
                                headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(dir[column.ColumnName]);
                                headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;
                                //设置列宽
                                sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256 * 2);
                            }
                            rowIndex = 2;
                        }
                        #endregion
                    }
                    #endregion
    
                    #region 填充内容
    
                    IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                    foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                    {
                        NPOI.SS.UserModel.ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
                        string drValue = row[column].ToString();
                        switch (column.DataType.ToString())
                        {
                            case "System.String": //字符串类型
                                double result;
                                if (isNumeric(drValue, out result))
                                {
                                    //数字字符串
                                    double.TryParse(drValue, out result);
                                    newCell.SetCellValue(result);
                                    break;
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                                    break;
                                }
    
                            case "System.DateTime": //日期类型
                                DateTime dateV;
                                DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);
    
                                newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle; //格式化显示
                                break;
                            case "System.Boolean": //布尔型
                                bool boolV = false;
                                bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                                break;
                            case "System.Int16": //整型
                            case "System.Int32":
                            case "System.Int64":
                            case "System.Byte":
                                int intV = 0;
                                int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                                break;
                            case "System.Decimal": //浮点型
                            case "System.Double":
                                double doubV = 0;
                                double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                                break;
                            case "System.DBNull": //空值处理
                                newCell.SetCellValue("");
                                break;
                            default:
                                newCell.SetCellValue(drValue.ToString());
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    #endregion
                    rowIndex++;
                }
                using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream())
                {
                    workbook.Write(ms, true);
                    ms.Flush();
                    ms.Position = 0;
                    return ms;
                }
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            #region 导出为xlsx文件内部方法
    
            /// 
            /// 从DataTable 中导出到excel
            /// 
            /// DataTable数据源
            /// 表名
            /// 文件流
            /// 内存流
            /// sheet索引
            static void ExportDTI(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, FileStream fs, MemoryStream readfs, Dictionary<string, string> dir, int sheetnum)
            {
                IWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
                if (readfs.Length > 0 && sheetnum > 0)
                {
                    workbook = WorkbookFactory.Create(readfs);
                }
                ISheet sheet = null;
                ICellStyle dateStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                IDataFormat format = workbook.CreateDataFormat();
                dateStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat("yyyy-mm-dd");
    
                //取得列宽
                int[] arrColWidth = new int[dtSource.Columns.Count];
                foreach (DataColumn item in dtSource.Columns)
                {
                    arrColWidth[item.Ordinal] = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(Convert.ToString(item.ColumnName)).Length;
                }
                for (int i = 0; i < dtSource.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    for (int j = 0; j < dtSource.Columns.Count; j++)
                    {
                        int intTemp = Encoding.GetEncoding(936).GetBytes(Convert.ToString(dtSource.Rows[i][j])).Length;
                        if (intTemp > arrColWidth[j])
                        {
                            arrColWidth[j] = intTemp;
                        }
                    }
                }
                int rowIndex = 0;
    
                foreach (DataRow row in dtSource.Rows)
                {
                    #region 新建表,填充表头,填充列头,样式
    
                    if (rowIndex == 0)
                    {
                        #region 表头及样式
                        {
                            string sheetName = strHeaderText + (sheetnum == 0 ? "" : sheetnum.ToString());
                            if (workbook.GetSheetIndex(sheetName) >= 0)
                            {
                                workbook.RemoveSheetAt(workbook.GetSheetIndex(sheetName));
                            }
                            sheet = workbook.CreateSheet(sheetName);
                            sheet.AddMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(0, 0, 0, dtSource.Columns.Count - 1));
                            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(0);
                            headerRow.HeightInPoints = 25;
                            headerRow.CreateCell(0).SetCellValue(strHeaderText);
    
                            ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                            headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                            IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                            font.FontHeightInPoints = 20;
                            font.Boldweight = 700;
                            headStyle.SetFont(font);
                            headerRow.GetCell(0).CellStyle = headStyle;
                        }
                        #endregion
    
                        #region 列头及样式
                        {
                            IRow headerRow = sheet.CreateRow(1);
                            ICellStyle headStyle = workbook.CreateCellStyle();
                            headStyle.Alignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
                            IFont font = workbook.CreateFont();
                            font.FontHeightInPoints = 10;
                            font.Boldweight = 700;
                            headStyle.SetFont(font);
                            foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                            {
                                headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(dir[column.ColumnName]);
                                headerRow.GetCell(column.Ordinal).CellStyle = headStyle;
                                //设置列宽
                                sheet.SetColumnWidth(column.Ordinal, (arrColWidth[column.Ordinal] + 1) * 256 * 2);
                            }
                        }
    
                        #endregion
    
                        rowIndex = 2;
                    }
                    #endregion
    
                    #region 填充内容
                    IRow dataRow = sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);
                    foreach (DataColumn column in dtSource.Columns)
                    {
                        NPOI.SS.UserModel.ICell newCell = dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal);
                        string drValue = row[column].ToString();
                        switch (column.DataType.ToString())
                        {
                            case "System.String": //字符串类型
                                double result;
                                if (isNumeric(drValue, out result))
                                {
                                    double.TryParse(drValue, out result);
                                    newCell.SetCellValue(result);
                                    break;
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                                    break;
                                }
                            case "System.DateTime": //日期类型
                                DateTime dateV;
                                DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);
    
                                newCell.CellStyle = dateStyle; //格式化显示
                                break;
                            case "System.Boolean": //布尔型
                                bool boolV = false;
                                bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                                break;
                            case "System.Int16": //整型
                            case "System.Int32":
                            case "System.Int64":
                            case "System.Byte":
                                int intV = 0;
                                int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(intV);
                                break;
                            case "System.Decimal": //浮点型
                            case "System.Double":
                                double doubV = 0;
                                double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                                newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                                break;
                            case "System.DBNull": //空值处理
                                newCell.SetCellValue("");
                                break;
                            default:
                                newCell.SetCellValue(drValue.ToString());
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                    #endregion
                    rowIndex++;
                }
                workbook.Write(fs,true);
                fs.Close();
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            #region 导出excel表格
    
            /// 
            ///  DataTable导出到Excel文件,xls文件
            /// 
            /// 数据源
            /// 表名
            /// excel文件名
            /// DataTable和excel列名对应字典
            /// 每个sheet存放的行数
            public static void ExportDTtoExcel(DataTable dtSource, string strHeaderText, string strFileName, Dictionary<string, string> dir, bool isNew, int sheetRow = 50000)
            {
                int currentSheetCount = GetSheetNumber(strFileName);//现有的页数sheetnum
                if (sheetRow <= 0)
                {
                    sheetRow = dtSource.Rows.Count;
                }
                string[] temp = strFileName.Split('.');
                string fileExtens = temp[temp.Length - 1];
                int sheetCount = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)dtSource.Rows.Count / sheetRow);//sheet数目
                if (temp[temp.Length - 1] == "xls" && dtSource.Columns.Count < 256 && sheetRow < 65536)
                {
                    if (isNew)
                    {
                        currentSheetCount = 0;
                    }
                    for (int i = currentSheetCount; i < currentSheetCount + sheetCount; i++)
                    {
                        DataTable pageDataTable = dtSource.Clone();
                        int hasRowCount = dtSource.Rows.Count - sheetRow * (i - currentSheetCount) < sheetRow ? dtSource.Rows.Count - sheetRow * (i - currentSheetCount) : sheetRow;
                        for (int j = 0; j < hasRowCount; j++)
                        {
                            pageDataTable.ImportRow(dtSource.Rows[(i - currentSheetCount) * sheetRow + j]);
                        }
    
                        using (MemoryStream ms = ExportDT(strFileName, pageDataTable, strHeaderText, dir, i))
                        {
                            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                            {
    
                                byte[] data = ms.ToArray();
                                fs.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                                fs.Flush();
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (temp[temp.Length - 1] == "xls")
                        strFileName = strFileName + "x";
                    if (isNew)
                    {
                        currentSheetCount = 0;
                    }
                    for (int i = currentSheetCount; i < currentSheetCount + sheetCount; i++)
                    {
                        DataTable pageDataTable = dtSource.Clone();
                        int hasRowCount = dtSource.Rows.Count - sheetRow * (i - currentSheetCount) < sheetRow ? dtSource.Rows.Count - sheetRow * (i - currentSheetCount) : sheetRow;
                        for (int j = 0; j < hasRowCount; j++)
                        {
                            pageDataTable.ImportRow(dtSource.Rows[(i - currentSheetCount) * sheetRow + j]);
                        }
                        FileStream readfs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read);
                        MemoryStream readfsm = new MemoryStream();
                        readfs.CopyTo(readfsm);
                        readfs.Close();
                        using (FileStream writefs = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
                        {
    
                            ExportDTI(pageDataTable, strHeaderText, writefs, readfsm, dir, i);
                        }
                        readfsm.Close();
                    }
                }
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 导出Excel(//超出10000条数据 创建新的工作簿)
            /// 
            /// 数据源
            /// 导出Excel表格的字段名和列名的字符串字典实例;例如:dir.Add("IllegalKeywords", "姓名");
            public static XSSFWorkbook ExportExcel(DataTable dtSource, Dictionary<string, string> dir)
            {
                XSSFWorkbook excelWorkbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
    
                //int columnsCount = columnsNames.GetLength(0);
                int columnsCount = dir.Count;
                if (columnsCount > 0)
                {
                    ListColumnsName = new SortedList(new NoSort());
                    //for (int i = 0; i < columnsCount; i++)
                    //{
                    //    ListColumnsName.Add(columnsNames[i, 0], columnsNames[i, 1]);
                    //}
                    foreach (KeyValuePair<string,string> item in dir)
                    {
                        ListColumnsName.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
                    }
                    if (ListColumnsName == null || ListColumnsName.Count == 0)
                    {
                        throw (new Exception("请对ListColumnsName设置要导出的列明!"));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        excelWorkbook = InsertRow(dtSource);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    throw (new Exception("请对ListColumnsName设置要导出的列明!"));
                }
                return excelWorkbook;
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            /// 
            /// 创建Excel文件
            /// 
            /// 
            private static XSSFWorkbook CreateExcelFile()
            {
                XSSFWorkbook xssfworkbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
    
                //右击文件“属性”信息
                #region 文件属性信息
                {
                    POIXMLProperties props = xssfworkbook.GetProperties();
                    props.CoreProperties.Creator = "Joy";//Excel文件的创建作者
                    props.CoreProperties.Title = "";//Excel文件标题
                    props.CoreProperties.Description = "";//Excel文件备注
                    props.CoreProperties.Category = "";//Excel文件类别信息
                    props.CoreProperties.Subject = "";//Excel文件主题信息
                    props.CoreProperties.Created = DateTime.Now;//Excel文件创建时间
                    props.CoreProperties.Modified = DateTime.Now;//Excel文件修改时间
                    props.CoreProperties.SetCreated(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
                    props.CoreProperties.LastModifiedByUser = "Joy";//Excel文件最后一次保存者
                    props.CoreProperties.SetModified(DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));//Excel文件最后一次保存日期
                }
                #endregion
    
                return xssfworkbook;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 创建excel表头
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            private static void CreateHeader(XSSFSheet excelSheet, XSSFWorkbook excelWorkbook, XSSFCellStyle cellStyle)
            {
                int cellIndex = 0;
                //循环导出列
                foreach (System.Collections.DictionaryEntry de in ListColumnsName)
                {
                    XSSFRow newRow = (XSSFRow)excelSheet.CreateRow(0);
                    XSSFCellStyle? headTopStyle = CreateStyle(excelWorkbook, cellStyle,HorizontalAlignment.Center, VerticalAlignment.Center, 18, true, true, "宋体", true, false, false, true, FillPattern.SolidForeground, HSSFColor.Grey25Percent.Index, HSSFColor.Black.Index,FontUnderlineType.None, FontSuperScript.None, false);
                    XSSFCell newCell = (XSSFCell)newRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                    newCell.SetCellValue(de.Value.ToString());
                    newCell.CellStyle = headTopStyle;
                    cellIndex++;
                }
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 插入数据行
            /// 
            private static XSSFWorkbook InsertRow(DataTable dtSource)
            {
                XSSFWorkbook excelWorkbook = CreateExcelFile();
                int rowCount = 0;
                int sheetCount = 1;
                XSSFSheet newsheet = null;
    
                //循环数据源导出数据集
                newsheet = (XSSFSheet)excelWorkbook.CreateSheet("Sheet" + sheetCount);
                XSSFCellStyle headCellStyle = (XSSFCellStyle)excelWorkbook.CreateCellStyle(); //创建列头单元格实例样式
                CreateHeader(newsheet, excelWorkbook, headCellStyle);
                //单元格内容信息
                foreach (DataRow dr in dtSource.Rows)
                {
                    rowCount++;
                    //超出10000条数据 创建新的工作簿
                    if (rowCount == 10000)
                    {
                        rowCount = 1;
                        sheetCount++;
                        newsheet = (XSSFSheet)excelWorkbook.CreateSheet("Sheet" + sheetCount);
                        CreateHeader(newsheet, excelWorkbook, headCellStyle);
                    }
                    XSSFRow newRow = (XSSFRow)newsheet.CreateRow(rowCount);
                    XSSFCellStyle cellStyle = (XSSFCellStyle)excelWorkbook.CreateCellStyle(); //创建单元格实例样式
                    XSSFCellStyle? style = CreateStyle(excelWorkbook, cellStyle, HorizontalAlignment.Center, VerticalAlignment.Center, 14, true, false);
                    InsertCell(dtSource, dr, newRow, style, excelWorkbook);
                }
                //自动列宽
                //for (int i = 0; i <= dtSource.Columns.Count; i++)
                //{
                //    newsheet.AutoSizeColumn(i, true);
                //}
                return excelWorkbook;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 导出数据行
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            private static void InsertCell(DataTable dtSource, DataRow drSource, XSSFRow currentExcelRow, XSSFCellStyle cellStyle, XSSFWorkbook excelWorkBook)
            {
                for (int cellIndex = 0; cellIndex < ListColumnsName.Count; cellIndex++)
                {
                    //列名称
                    string columnsName = ListColumnsName.GetKey(cellIndex).ToString();
                    XSSFCell newCell = null;
                    System.Type rowType = drSource[columnsName].GetType();
                    string drValue = drSource[columnsName].ToString().Trim();
                    switch (rowType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String"://字符串类型
                            drValue = drValue.Replace("&", "&");
                            drValue = drValue.Replace(">", ">");
                            drValue = drValue.Replace("<", "<");
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(drValue);
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime"://日期类型
                            DateTime dateV;
                            DateTime.TryParse(drValue, out dateV);
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(dateV);
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean"://布尔型
                            bool boolV = false;
                            bool.TryParse(drValue, out boolV);
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(boolV);
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16"://整型
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            int intV = 0;
                            int.TryParse(drValue, out intV);
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(intV.ToString());
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal"://浮点型
                        case "System.Double":
                            double doubV = 0;
                            double.TryParse(drValue, out doubV);
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue(doubV);
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull"://空值处理
                            newCell = (XSSFCell)currentExcelRow.CreateCell(cellIndex);
                            newCell.SetCellValue("");
                            newCell.CellStyle = cellStyle;
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + ":类型数据无法处理!"));
                    }
                }
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 行内单元格常用样式设置
            /// 
            /// Excel文件对象
            /// Excel文件中XSSFCellStyle对象
            /// 水平布局方式
            /// 垂直布局方式
            /// 字体大小
            /// 是否需要边框
            /// 字体加粗 (None = 0,Normal = 400,Bold = 700
            /// 字体(仿宋,楷体,宋体,微软雅黑...与Excel主题字体相对应)
            /// 是否增加边框颜色
            /// 是否将文字变为斜体
            /// 是否自动换行
            /// 是否增加单元格背景颜色
            /// 填充图案样式(FineDots 细点,SolidForeground立体前景,isAddFillPattern=true时存在)
            /// 单元格背景颜色(当isAddCellBackground=true时存在)
            /// 字体颜色
            /// 下划线样式(无下划线[None],单下划线[Single],双下划线[Double],会计用单下划线[SingleAccounting],会计用双下划线[DoubleAccounting])
            /// 字体上标下标(普通默认值[None],上标[Sub],下标[Super]),即字体在单元格内的上下偏移量
            /// 是否显示删除线
            /// 格式化日期显示
            /// 
            public static XSSFCellStyle CreateStyle(XSSFWorkbook workbook, XSSFCellStyle cellStyle, HorizontalAlignment hAlignment, VerticalAlignment vAlignment, short fontHeightInPoints, bool isAddBorder, bool boldWeight, string fontName = "宋体", bool isAddBorderColor = true, bool isItalic = false, bool isLineFeed = true, bool isAddCellBackground = false, FillPattern fillPattern = FillPattern.NoFill, short cellBackgroundColor = HSSFColor.Yellow.Index, short fontColor = HSSFColor.Black.Index, FontUnderlineType underlineStyle =
                FontUnderlineType.None, FontSuperScript typeOffset = FontSuperScript.None, bool isStrikeout = false,string dataFormat="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")
            {
                cellStyle.Alignment = hAlignment; //水平居中
                cellStyle.VerticalAlignment = vAlignment; //垂直居中
                cellStyle.WrapText = isLineFeed;//自动换行
    
                //格式化显示
                XSSFDataFormat format = (XSSFDataFormat)workbook.CreateDataFormat();
                cellStyle.DataFormat = format.GetFormat(dataFormat);
    
                //背景颜色,边框颜色,字体颜色都是使用 HSSFColor属性中的对应调色板索引,关于 HSSFColor 颜色索引对照表,详情参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/Brainpan/p/5804167.html
    
                //TODO:引用了NPOI后可通过ICellStyle 接口的 FillForegroundColor 属性实现 Excel 单元格的背景色设置,FillPattern 为单元格背景色的填充样式
    
                //TODO:十分注意,要设置单元格背景色必须是FillForegroundColor和FillPattern两个属性同时设置,否则是不会显示背景颜色
                if (isAddCellBackground)
                {
                    cellStyle.FillForegroundColor = cellBackgroundColor;//单元格背景颜色
                    cellStyle.FillPattern = fillPattern;//填充图案样式(FineDots 细点,SolidForeground立体前景)
                }
                else
                {
                    cellStyle.FillForegroundColor = HSSFColor.White.Index;//单元格背景颜色
                }
    
                //是否增加边框
                if (isAddBorder)
                {
                    //常用的边框样式 None(没有),Thin(细边框,瘦的),Medium(中等),Dashed(虚线),Dotted(星罗棋布的),Thick(厚的),Double(双倍),Hair(头发)[上右下左顺序设置]
                    cellStyle.BorderBottom = BorderStyle.Thin;
                    cellStyle.BorderRight = BorderStyle.Thin;
                    cellStyle.BorderTop = BorderStyle.Thin;
                    cellStyle.BorderLeft = BorderStyle.Thin;
                }
    
                //是否设置边框颜色
                if (isAddBorderColor)
                {
                    //边框颜色[上右下左顺序设置]
                    cellStyle.TopBorderColor = XSSFFont.DEFAULT_FONT_COLOR;//DarkGreen(黑绿色)
                    cellStyle.RightBorderColor = XSSFFont.DEFAULT_FONT_COLOR;
                    cellStyle.BottomBorderColor = XSSFFont.DEFAULT_FONT_COLOR;
                    cellStyle.LeftBorderColor = XSSFFont.DEFAULT_FONT_COLOR;
                }
    
                /**
                 * 设置相关字体样式
                 */
                var cellStyleFont = (XSSFFont)workbook.CreateFont(); //创建字体
    
                //假如字体大小只需要是粗体的话直接使用下面该属性即可
                //cellStyleFont.IsBold = true;
    
                cellStyleFont.IsBold = boldWeight; //字体加粗
                cellStyleFont.FontHeightInPoints = fontHeightInPoints; //字体大小
                cellStyleFont.FontName = fontName;//字体(仿宋,楷体,宋体 )
                cellStyleFont.Color = fontColor;//设置字体颜色
                cellStyleFont.IsItalic = isItalic;//是否将文字变为斜体
                cellStyleFont.Underline = underlineStyle;//字体下划线
                cellStyleFont.TypeOffset = typeOffset;//字体上标下标
                cellStyleFont.IsStrikeout = isStrikeout;//是否有删除线
    
                cellStyle.SetFont(cellStyleFont); //将字体绑定到样式
                return cellStyle;
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            #region 从excel文件中将数据导出到List对象集合
    
            /// 
            /// 将制定sheet中的数据导出到DataTable中
            /// 
            /// 需要导出的sheet
            /// 列头所在行号,-1表示没有列头
            /// excel列名和DataTable列名的对应字典
            /// 
            static DataTable ImportDt(ISheet sheet, int HeaderRowIndex, Dictionary<string, string> dir)
            {
                DataTable table = new DataTable();
                IRow headerRow;
                int cellCount;
                try
                {
                    //没有标头或者不需要表头用excel列的序号(1,2,3..)作为DataTable的列名
                    if (HeaderRowIndex < 0)
                    {
                        headerRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
                        cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;
    
                        for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i <= cellCount; i++)
                        {
                            DataColumn column = new DataColumn(Convert.ToString(i));
                            table.Columns.Add(column);
                        }
                    }
                    //有表头,使用表头做为DataTable的列名
                    else
                    {
                        headerRow = sheet.GetRow(HeaderRowIndex);
                        cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;
                        for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i //如果excel某一列列名不存在:以该列的序号作为DataTable的列名,如果DataTable中包含了这个序列为名的列,那么列名为重复列名+序号
                            if (headerRow.GetCell(i) == null)
                            {
                                if (table.Columns.IndexOf(Convert.ToString(i)) > 0)
                                {
                                    DataColumn column = new DataColumn(Convert.ToString("重复列名" + i));
                                    table.Columns.Add(column);
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    DataColumn column = new DataColumn(Convert.ToString(i));
                                    table.Columns.Add(column);
                                }
    
                            }
                            //excel中的某一列列名不为空,但是重复了:对应的DataTable列名为“重复列名+序号”
                            else if (table.Columns.IndexOf(headerRow.GetCell(i).ToString()) > 0)
                            {
                                DataColumn column = new DataColumn(Convert.ToString("重复列名" + i));
                                table.Columns.Add(column);
                            }
                            else
                            //正常情况,列名存在且不重复:用excel中的列名作为DataTable中对应的列名
                            {
                                string aaa = headerRow.GetCell(i).ToString();
                                string colName = dir.Where(s => s.Value == headerRow.GetCell(i).ToString()).First().Key;
                                DataColumn column = new DataColumn(colName);
                                table.Columns.Add(column);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
                    for (int i = (HeaderRowIndex + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)//excel行遍历
                    {
                        try
                        {
                            IRow row;
                            if (sheet.GetRow(i) == null)//如果excel有空行,则添加缺失的行
                            {
                                row = sheet.CreateRow(i);
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                row = sheet.GetRow(i);
                            }
    
                            DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();
    
                            for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j <= cellCount; j++)//excel列遍历
                            {
                                try
                                {
                                    if (row.GetCell(j) != null)
                                    {
                                        switch (row.GetCell(j).CellType)
                                        {
                                            case CellType.String://字符串
                                                string str = row.GetCell(j).StringCellValue;
                                                if (str != null && str.Length > 0)
                                                {
                                                    dataRow[j] = str.ToString();
                                                }
                                                else
                                                {
                                                    dataRow[j] = default(string);
                                                }
                                                break;
                                            case CellType.Numeric://数字
                                                if (DateUtil.IsCellDateFormatted(row.GetCell(j)))//时间戳数字
                                                {
                                                    dataRow[j] = DateTime.FromOADate(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue);
                                                }
                                                else
                                                {
                                                    dataRow[j] = Convert.ToDouble(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue);
                                                }
                                                break;
                                            case CellType.Boolean:
                                                dataRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).BooleanCellValue);
                                                break;
                                            case CellType.Error:
                                                dataRow[j] = ErrorEval.GetText(row.GetCell(j).ErrorCellValue);
                                                break;
                                            case CellType.Formula://公式
                                                switch (row.GetCell(j).CachedFormulaResultType)
                                                {
                                                    case CellType.String:
                                                        string strFORMULA = row.GetCell(j).StringCellValue;
                                                        if (strFORMULA != null && strFORMULA.Length > 0)
                                                        {
                                                            dataRow[j] = strFORMULA.ToString();
                                                        }
                                                        else
                                                        {
                                                            dataRow[j] = null;
                                                        }
                                                        break;
                                                    case CellType.Numeric:
                                                        dataRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).NumericCellValue);
                                                        break;
                                                    case CellType.Boolean:
                                                        dataRow[j] = Convert.ToString(row.GetCell(j).BooleanCellValue);
                                                        break;
                                                    case CellType.Error:
                                                        dataRow[j] = ErrorEval.GetText(row.GetCell(j).ErrorCellValue);
                                                        break;
                                                    default:
                                                        dataRow[j] = "";
                                                        break;
                                                }
                                                break;
                                            default:
                                                dataRow[j] = "";
                                                break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                                catch (Exception exception)
                                {
                                    //loger.Error(exception.ToString());
                                }
                            }
                            table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
                        }
                        catch (Exception exception)
                        {
                            //loger.Error(exception.ToString());
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch (Exception exception)
                {
                    //loger.Error(exception.ToString());
                }
                return table;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// DataTable 转换为List对象集合
            /// 
            /// 类型
            /// DataTable
            /// 
            public static List<TResult> DataTableToList<TResult>(this DataTable dt) where TResult : class, new()
            {
                //创建一个属性的列表
                List prlist = new List();
                //获取TResult的类型实例  反射的入口
                Type t = typeof(TResult);
                //获得TResult 的所有的Public 属性 并找出TResult属性和DataTable的列名称相同的属性(PropertyInfo) 并加入到属性列表
                Array.ForEach(t.GetProperties(), p => { if (dt.Columns.IndexOf(p.Name) != -1) prlist.Add(p); });
                //创建返回的集合
                List oblist = new List();
                foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
                {
                    //创建TResult的实例
                    TResult ob = new TResult();
                    //找到对应的数据  并赋值
                    prlist.ForEach(p => { if (row[p.Name] != DBNull.Value) p.SetValue(ob, row[p.Name], null); });
                    //放入到返回的集合中.
                    oblist.Add(ob);
                }
                return oblist;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// DataTable转化为List集合
            /// 
            /// 实体对象
            /// datatable表
            /// 是否存入数据库datetime字段,date字段没事,取出不用判断
            /// 返回list集合
            private static List<T> DataTableToList<T>(DataTable dt, bool isStoreDB = true)
            {
                List list = new List();
                Type type = typeof(T);
                //List listColums = new List();
                PropertyInfo[] pArray = type.GetProperties(); //集合属性数组
                foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
                {
                    T entity = Activator.CreateInstance(); //新建对象实例 
                    foreach (PropertyInfo p in pArray)
                    {
                        if (!dt.Columns.Contains(p.Name) || row[p.Name] == null || row[p.Name] == DBNull.Value)
                        {
                            continue;  //DataTable列中不存在集合属性或者字段内容为空则,跳出循环,进行下个循环   
                        }
                        if (isStoreDB && p.PropertyType == typeof(DateTime) && Convert.ToDateTime(row[p.Name]) < Convert.ToDateTime("1753-01-01"))
                        {
                            continue;
                        }
                        try
                        {
                            var obj = Convert.ChangeType(row[p.Name], p.PropertyType);//类型强转,将table字段类型转为集合字段类型  
                            p.SetValue(entity, obj, null);
                        }
                        catch (Exception)
                        {
                            // throw;
                        }             
                    }
                    list.Add(entity);
                }
                return list;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// DataSet 转换成List
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            private static List<T> DataTable2List<T>(DataTable dt)
            {
                //确认参数有效 
                if (dt == null || dt.Rows.Count <= 0)
                {
                    return null;
                }
    
                IList list = new List(); //实例化一个list 
                                               // 在这里写 获取T类型的所有公有属性。 注意这里仅仅是获取T类型的公有属性,不是公有方法,也不是公有字段,当然也不是私有属性 
                PropertyInfo[] tMembersAll = typeof(T).GetProperties();
    
                for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
                {
                    //创建泛型对象。为什么这里要创建一个泛型对象呢?是因为目前我不确定泛型的类型。 
                    T t = Activator.CreateInstance();
    
                    //获取t对象类型的所有公有属性。但是我不建议吧这条语句写在for循环里,因为没循环一次就要获取一次,占用资源,所以建议写在外面 
                    //PropertyInfo[] tMembersAll = t.GetType().GetProperties();
                    for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                    {
                        //遍历tMembersAll 
                        foreach (PropertyInfo tMember in tMembersAll)
                        {
                            //取dt表中j列的名字,并把名字转换成大写的字母。整条代码的意思是:如果列名和属性名称相同时赋值 
                            if (dt.Columns[j].ColumnName.ToUpper().Equals(tMember.Name.ToUpper()))
                            {
                                //dt.Rows[i][j]表示取dt表里的第i行的第j列;DBNull是指数据库中当一个字段没有被设置值的时候的值,相当于数据库中的“空值”。 
                                if (dt.Rows[i][j] != DBNull.Value)
                                {
                                    //SetValue是指:将指定属性设置为指定值。 tMember是T泛型对象t的一个公有成员,整条代码的意思就是:将dt.Rows[i][j]赋值给t对象的tMember成员,参数详情请参照http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/3z2t396t(v=vs.100).aspx/html
                                    tMember.SetValue(t, Convert.ToString(dt.Rows[i][j]), null);
                                }
                                else
                                {
                                    tMember.SetValue(t, null, null);
                                }
                                break;//注意这里的break是写在if语句里面的,意思就是说如果列名和属性名称相同并且已经赋值了,那么我就跳出foreach循环,进行j+1的下次循环 
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    list.Add(t);
                }
                dt.Dispose();
                return list.ToList();
    
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 读取Excel文件特定名字sheet的内容到List对象集合
            /// 
            /// excel文件路径
            /// excel列名和DataTable列名的对应字典
            /// excel表名
            /// 列头所在行号,-1表示没有列头
            /// 
            public static List<T> ImportExceltoDt<T>(string strFileName, Dictionary<string, string> dir, string SheetName, int HeaderRowIndex = 0)
            {
                DataTable table = new DataTable();
                using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    if (file.Length > 0)
                    {
                        IWorkbook wb = WorkbookFactory.Create(file);
                        ISheet isheet = wb.GetSheet(SheetName);
                        table = ImportDt(isheet, HeaderRowIndex, dir);
                        isheet = null;
                    }
                }
                List results = DataTableToList(table);
                table.Dispose();
                return results;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 读取Excel文件某一索引sheet的内容到DataTable
            /// 
            /// excel文件路径
            /// 需要导出的sheet序号
            /// 列头所在行号,-1表示没有列头
            /// excel列名和DataTable列名的对应字典
            /// 
            public static List<T> ImportExceltoDt<T>(string strFileName, Dictionary<string, string> dir, int HeaderRowIndex = 0, int SheetIndex = 0)
            {
                DataTable table = new DataTable();
                using (FileStream file = new FileStream(strFileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    if (file.Length > 0)
                    {
                        IWorkbook wb = WorkbookFactory.Create(file);
                        ISheet isheet = wb.GetSheetAt(SheetIndex);
                        table = ImportDt(isheet, HeaderRowIndex, dir);
                        isheet = null;
                    }
                }
                List results = DataTableToList(table);
                table.Dispose();
                return results;
            }
    
            #endregion
    
            /// 
            /// 获取excel文件的sheet数目
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            public static int GetSheetNumber(string outputFile)
            {
                int number = 0;
                using (FileStream readfile = new FileStream(outputFile, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read))
                {
                    if (readfile.Length > 0)
                    {
                        IWorkbook wb = WorkbookFactory.Create(readfile);
                        number = wb.NumberOfSheets;
                    }
                }
                return number;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 判断内容是否是数字
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            public static bool isNumeric(String message, out double result)
            {
                Regex rex = new Regex(@"^[-]?\d+[.]?\d*$");
                result = -1;
                if (rex.IsMatch(message))
                {
                    result = double.Parse(message);
                    return true;
                }
                else
                    return false;
            }
    
            /// 
            /// 验证导入的Excel是否有数据
            /// 
            /// 
            /// 
            public static bool HasData(Stream excelFileStream)
            {
                using (excelFileStream)
                {
                    IWorkbook workBook = new HSSFWorkbook(excelFileStream);
                    if (workBook.NumberOfSheets > 0)
                    {
                        ISheet sheet = workBook.GetSheetAt(0);
                        return sheet.PhysicalNumberOfRows > 0;
                    }
                }
                return false;
            }
    
        }
    
        /// 
        /// 排序实现接口 不进行排序 根据添加顺序导出
        /// 
        public class NoSort : IComparer
        {
            public int Compare(object x, object y)
            {
                return -1;
            }
        }
    
    }
    

    三、调用

    3.1、增加一个“keywords”模型类,用作导出

    public class keywords
    {
        [Column("姓名")]
        public string IllegalKeywords { get; set; }
    }
    

    3.2、添加一个控制器

    3.3、编写导入导出的控制器代码

    3.3.1、重写“Close”函数

    在导出时,为了防止MemoryStream无法关闭从而报错,所以我们继承MemoryStream;代码如下:

    namespace WebApplication1    //命名空间依据自己的项目进行修改
    {
        public class NpoiMemoryStream : MemoryStream
        {
            public NpoiMemoryStream()
            {
                AllowClose = true;
            }
    
            public bool AllowClose { get; set; }
    
            public override void Close()
            {
                if (AllowClose)
                    base.Close();
            }
        }
    }
    

    3.3.2、添加控制器代码

    /// 
    /// 本地环境
    /// 
    private IHostingEnvironment _hostingEnv;
    
    
    /// 
    /// Excel导入的具体实现
    /// 
    /// 
    public IActionResult import_excel()
    {
        string filepath = _hostingEnv.WebRootPath + "/在线用户20230324.xlsx";//导入的文件地址路径,可动态传入
        Dictionary<string, string> dir = new Dictionary<string, string>();//申明excel列名和DataTable列名的对应字典
        dir.Add("IllegalKeywords","姓名");
        List keyWordsList = ExcelHelper.ImportExceltoDt(filepath, dir,"Sheet1",0);
        #region 将List动态添加至数据库
        //……
        #endregion
        return Json(new { code = 200, msg = "导入成功" });
    }
    
    /// 
    /// Excel导出的具体实现
    /// 
    /// 
    public IActionResult export_excel()
    {
        #region 添加测试数据
        List keys = new List();
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        {
            keywords keyword = new keywords();
            keyword.IllegalKeywords = "测试_" + i;
            keys.Add(keyword);
        }
        #endregion
        #region 实例化DataTable并进行赋值
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        dt = listToDataTable(keys);//List对象集合转DataTable
        #endregion
        string filename = DateTime.Now.ToString("在线用户yyyyMMdd") + ".xlsx";
        Dictionary<string, string> dir = new Dictionary<string, string>();
        dir.Add("IllegalKeywords", "姓名");
        XSSFWorkbook book= ExcelHelper.ExportExcel(dt,  dir);
        dt.Dispose();//释放DataTable所占用的数据资源
    
        NpoiMemoryStream ms = new NpoiMemoryStream();
        ms.AllowClose = false;
        book.Write(ms, true);
        ms.Flush();
        ms.Position = 0;
        ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
        ms.AllowClose = true;
        book.Dispose();//使用由XSSFWorkbook所占用的资源
    
        return File(ms, "application/vnd.ms-excel", Path.GetFileName(filename));//进行浏览器下载
    }
    

    3.3.3、Excel导出效果

    Excel导出效果

    3.3.4、Excel导入效果

    导入后的List再根据需求调用添加方法实现数据的添加
    Excel导入效果

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/lucasDC/p/17707810.html