JdbcTemplate是Spring提供的⼀个JDBC模板类,是对JDBC的封装,简化JDBC代码。 当然,你也可以不⽤,可以让Spring集成其它的ORM框架,例如:MyBatis、Hibernate等。
第一步:引入依赖
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
- <version>6.0.2version>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>junitgroupId>
- <artifactId>junitartifactId>
- <version>4.13.2version>
- <scope>testscope>
- dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
- <version>8.0.30version>
- dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
- <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
- <version>6.0.2version>
- dependency>
第二步:编写Spring配置⽂件
JdbcTemplate是Spring提供好的类,这类的完整类名是: org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate 我们怎么使⽤这个类呢?new对象就可以了。怎么new对象,Spring最在⾏了。直接将这个类配置到 Spring配置⽂件中,纳⼊Bean管理即可。
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">bean>

可以看到JdbcTemplate中有⼀个DataSource属性,这个属性是数据源,我们都知道连接数据库需要 Connection对象,⽽⽣成Connection对象是数据源负责的。
所以我们需要给JdbcTemplate设置数据源 属性。 所有的数据源都是要实现javax.sql.DataSource接⼝的。这个数据源可以⾃⼰写⼀个,也可以⽤写好的, ⽐如:阿⾥巴巴的德鲁伊连接池,c3p0,dbcp等。我们这⾥⾃⼰先⼿写⼀个数据源。
- public class MyDataSource implements DataSource {
- // 添加4个属性
- private String driver;
- private String url;
- private String username;
- private String password;
-
- // 提供4个setter⽅法
- public void setDriver(String driver) {
- this.driver = driver;
- }
-
- public void setUrl(String url) {
- this.url = url;
- }
-
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
-
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
-
- // 重点写怎么获取Connection对象就⾏。其他⽅法不⽤管。
- @Override
- public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
- try {
- Class.forName(driver);
- Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
- return conn;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public Connection getConnection(String username, String password) throws SQLException {
- return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public PrintWriter getLogWriter() throws SQLException {
- return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public void setLogWriter(PrintWriter out) throws SQLException {
- }
-
- @Override
- public void setLoginTimeout(int seconds) throws SQLException {
- }
-
- @Override
- public int getLoginTimeout() throws SQLException {
- return 0;
- }
-
- @Override
- public Logger getParentLogger() throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException {
- return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public
T unwrap(Class iface) throws SQLException { - return null;
- }
-
- @Override
- public boolean isWrapperFor(Class> iface) throws SQLException {
- return false;
- }
- }
写完数据源,我们需要把这个数据源传递给JdbcTemplate。因为JdbcTemplate中有⼀个DataSource属 性:
- "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
- <bean id="myDataSource" class="com.springcode.example.entity.MyDataSource">
- <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
- <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring6"/>
- <property name="username" value="root"/>
- <property name="password" value="root"/>
- bean>
-
- <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
- <property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
- bean>
- beans>
-
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- // 获取JdbcTemplate对象
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- /*注意:insert delete update的sql语句,都是执⾏update⽅法。update⽅法有两个参数:
- 第⼀个参数:要执⾏的SQL语句。(SQL语句中可能会有占位符 ? )
- 第⼆个参数:可变⻓参数,参数的个数可以是0个,也可以是多个。⼀般是SQL语句中有⼏个问号,
- 则对应⼏个参数。*/
- String sql = "insert into t_user(id,real_name,age) values(?,?,?)";
- int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, null, "张三", 30);
- System.out.println("插⼊的记录条数:" + count);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 执⾏更新操作
- String sql = "update t_user set real_name = ?, age = ? where id = ?";
- int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "张三丰", 55, 1);
- System.out.println("更新的记录条数:" + count);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 执⾏delete
- String sql = "delete from t_user where id = ?";
- int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, 1);
- System.out.println("删除了⼏条记录:" + count);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 执⾏select
- String sql = "select id, real_name, age from t_user where id = ?";
- /*
- queryForObject⽅法三个参数:
- 第⼀个参数:sql语句
- 第⼆个参数:Bean属性值和数据库记录⾏的映射对象。在构造⽅法中指定映射的对象类型。
- 第三个参数:可变⻓参数,给sql语句的占位符问号传值。
- */
- User user = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class), 2);
- System.out.println(user);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 执⾏select
- String sql = "select id, real_name, age from t_user";
- List
users = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(User.class)); - System.out.println(users);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 执⾏select
- String sql = "select count(1) from t_user";
- Integer count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, int.class); // 这⾥⽤Integer.class也可以
- System.out.println("总记录条数:" + count);
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 批量添加
- String sql = "insert into t_user(id,real_name,age) values(?,?,?)";
- Object[] objs1 = {null, "⼩花", 20};
- Object[] objs2 = {null, "⼩明", 21};
- Object[] objs3 = {null, "⼩刚", 22};
- List
- list.add(objs1);
- list.add(objs2);
- list.add(objs3);
- int[] count = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, list);
- System.out.println(Arrays.toString(count));
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 批量修改
- String sql = "update t_user set real_name = ?, age = ? where id = ?";
- Object[] objs1 = {"⼩花11", 10, 2};
- Object[] objs2 = {"⼩明22", 12, 3};
- Object[] objs3 = {"⼩刚33", 9, 4};
- List
- list.add(objs1);
- list.add(objs2);
- list.add(objs3);
- int[] count = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, list);
- System.out.println(Arrays.toString(count));
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- // 批量删除
- String sql = "delete from t_user where id = ?";
- Object[] objs1 = {2};
- Object[] objs2 = {3};
- Object[] objs3 = {4};
- List
- list.add(objs1);
- list.add(objs2);
- list.add(objs3);
- int[] count = jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, list);
- System.out.println(Arrays.toString(count));
- }
- }
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
- String sql = "select id, real_name, age from t_user where id = ?";
- User user = jdbcTemplate.execute(sql, new PreparedStatementCallback
() { - @Override
- public User doInPreparedStatement(PreparedStatement ps) throws SQLException, DataAccessException {
- User user = null;
- ps.setInt(1, 5);
- ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
- if (rs.next()) {
- user = new User();
- user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
- user.setRealName(rs.getString("real_name"));
- user.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
- }
- return user;
- }
- });
- System.out.println(user);
- }
- }
上面数据源是⽤我们⾃⼰写的。也可以使⽤别⼈写好的。例如⽐较⽜的德鲁伊连接池。
第⼀步:引⼊德鲁伊连接池的依赖。
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
- <artifactId>druidartifactId>
- <version>1.1.8version>
- dependency>
第⼆步:将德鲁伊中的数据源配置到spring配置⽂件中。和配置我们⾃⼰写的⼀样。
- "1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
"http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" - xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
-
-
"druidDataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"> -
"driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/> -
"url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring6"/> -
"username" value="root"/> -
"password" value="root"/> -
-
-
-
"jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> -
"dataSource" ref="druidDataSource"/> -
测试
-
- public class SpringTest {
- @Test
- public void test(){
- // 获取JdbcTemplate对象
- ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");
- JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate", JdbcTemplate.class);
-
- String sql = "insert into t_user(id,real_name,age) values(?,?,?)";
- int count = jdbcTemplate.update(sql, null, "张三", 30);
- System.out.println("插⼊的记录条数:" + count);
- }
- }