最近刚入门后端,对不起,我背叛了游戏【哭】
跟着写了一个这样的案例
网页界面是这样的

没写删除,里面带有增加行和修改表单数据的功能

web方面就三个页面,里面涉及到了Mybatis,Tomcat,JSP,Servlet,Maven,前端三剑客等知识,东西比较杂,我也是速通选手,掌握不太稳固,所以写个文章巩固一下知识点,以便自己能够更好地理解代码以及运行逻辑。
项目结构是这样的,需要配置mybatis-config.xml文件,pom.xml需要引入tomcat、Servlet,mybatis,JSP,Maven写个标识就能自动下载了,Maven好方便
以及Mapper配置文件和web配置文件,不是很复杂。
我们的代码方面
一、前端页面
三个前端页面分别是这样的
brand:主页面
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
-
- html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>Titletitle>
- head>
- <body>
- <input type="button" value="新增" id="add"><br>
- <hr>
- <table border="1" cellspacing="0" width="80%">
- <tr>
- <th>序号th>
- <th>品牌名称th>
- <th>企业名称th>
- <th>排序th>
- <th>品牌介绍th>
- <th>状态th>
- <th>操作th>
-
- tr>
-
-
- <c:forEach items="${brands}" var="brand" varStatus="status">
- //items:被遍历的容器
- //var:遍历产生的临时变量
- //varStatus:遍历状态对象
- //我们这里是从SelectAllServlet跳转过来的,所以接收了request域,我们只管调brand对象输出数据就行
- <tr align="center">
- <%--<td>${brand.id}td>--%>
- <td>${status.count}td>
- <td>${brand.brandName}td>
- <td>${brand.companyName}td>
- <td>${brand.ordered}td>
- <td>${brand.description}td>
- <c:if test="${brand.status == 1}">//这里是JSP,就是if判断
- <td>启用td>
- c:if>
- <c:if test="${brand.status != 1}">
- <td>禁用td>
- c:if>
-
- <td><a href="/brandDemo/selectByIdServlet?id=${brand.id}">修改a> <a href="#">删除a>td>
- tr>
-
- c:forEach>
-
- table>
-
- <script>
- document.getElementById("add").onclick = function (){
- location.href = "/brandDemo/addBrand.jsp";
- }//这里使用getElementById设置了按钮的点击事件。
- script>
- body>
- html>
addBrand:新增数据
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- html>
- <html lang="en">
-
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>添加品牌title>
- head>
- <body>
- <h3>添加品牌h3>
- <form action="/brandDemo/addServlet" method="post">//这里我们提交到addServlet服务,还是以POST形式,然后addServlet再转发到brand.jsp页面
- 品牌名称:<input name="brandName"><br>
- 企业名称:<input name="companyName"><br>
- 排序:<input name="ordered"><br>
- 描述信息:<textarea rows="5" cols="20" name="description">textarea><br>
- 状态:
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="0">禁用
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="1">启用<br>
-
- <input type="submit" value="提交">
- form>
- body>
- html>
update:修改数据
- <%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
-
- html>
- <html lang="en">
-
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>修改品牌title>
- head>
- <body>
- <h3>修改品牌h3>
- <form action="/brandDemo/updateServlet" method="post">//这里还是一样的,提交到updateServlet服务当中
- //这里跟新增表单页面没什么大的不同,但是Servlet方面就要先查询再修改,还是比新增麻烦的
-
- <%--隐藏域,提交id--%>
- <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${brand.id}">
-
- 品牌名称:<input name="brandName" value="${brand.brandName}"><br>
- 企业名称:<input name="companyName" value="${brand.companyName}"><br>
- 排序:<input name="ordered" value="${brand.ordered}"><br>
- 描述信息:<textarea rows="5" cols="20" name="description">${brand.description} textarea><br>
- 状态:
- <c:if test="${brand.status == 0}">
-
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="0" checked>禁用
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="1">启用<br>
- c:if>
-
- <c:if test="${brand.status == 1}">
-
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="0" >禁用
- <input type="radio" name="status" value="1" checked>启用<br>
- c:if>
-
-
- <input type="submit" value="提交">
- form>
- body>
- html>
二、mybatis操作方面
既然处理数据肯定是要学习mybatis的
操作不难,写几个接口就行
这里则是使用到mapper的知识,不得不说,javaweb学的东西是真的杂,学的时候天天导包配文件,累。
BrandMapper:
- package com.itheima.mapper;
-
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.ResultMap;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
-
- import java.util.List;
-
- public interface BrandMapper {//这里也没啥好说的,以注解形式操纵数据库,都是一些基础操作语句
- //唯一值得注意的是当我们两种模式命名有冲突的时候我们要配置ResultMap
- //使得我们Brand查询的时候能找到对应的变量
- /*
- 查询所有
- @return
- */
- @Select("select * from tb_brand")
- @ResultMap("brandResultMap")
- List
selectAll(); - @Insert("insert into tb_brand values(null,#{brandName},#{companyName},#{ordered},#{description},#{status})")
- void add(Brand brand);
- /**
- * 根据id查询
- * @param id
- * @return
- */
- @Select("select * from tb_brand where id = #{id}")
- @ResultMap("brandResultMap")
- Brand selectById(int id);
- /**
- * 修改
- * @param brand
- */
- @Update("update tb_brand set brand_name = #{brandName},company_name = #{companyName},ordered = #{ordered},description = #{description},status = #{status} where id = #{id}")
- void update(Brand brand);
- }
brand数据类:
- package com.itheima.pojo;
- public class Brand {
- // id 主键
- private Integer id;
- // 品牌名称
- private String brandName;
- // 企业名称
- private String companyName;
- // 排序字段
- private Integer ordered;
- // 描述信息
- private String description;
- // 状态:0:禁用 1:启用
- private Integer status;
-
- //提供了三种构造方法以备不同情况,是一些面向对象的特性,Java学过的都能懂
- public Brand() {
- }
-
- public Brand(Integer id, String brandName, String companyName, String description) {
- this.id = id;
- this.brandName = brandName;
- this.companyName = companyName;
- this.description = description;
- }
-
- public Brand(Integer id, String brandName, String companyName, Integer ordered, String description, Integer status) {
- this.id = id;
- this.brandName = brandName;
- this.companyName = companyName;
- this.ordered = ordered;
- this.description = description;
- this.status = status;
- }
-
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
-
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
-
- public String getBrandName() {
- return brandName;
- }
-
- public void setBrandName(String brandName) {
- this.brandName = brandName;
- }
-
- public String getCompanyName() {
- return companyName;
- }
-
- public void setCompanyName(String companyName) {
- this.companyName = companyName;
- }
-
- public Integer getOrdered() {
- return ordered;
- }
-
- public void setOrdered(Integer ordered) {
- this.ordered = ordered;
- }
-
- public String getDescription() {
- return description;
- }
-
- public void setDescription(String description) {
- this.description = description;
- }
-
- public Integer getStatus() {
- return status;
- }
-
- public void setStatus(Integer status) {
- this.status = status;
- }
-
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "Brand{" +
- "id=" + id +
- ", brandName='" + brandName + '\'' +
- ", companyName='" + companyName + '\'' +
- ", ordered=" + ordered +
- ", description='" + description + '\'' +
- ", status=" + status +
- '}';
- }
- }
三、Servlet服务
这里就是处理数据的大头了
因为创建工厂类只用一次就能最节省资源,所以我们用一个SqlSessionFactoryUtils静态类来封装好,下次直接调函数就行了,这里还是操作mybatis的东西
- package com.itheima.util;
-
- import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
- import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
- import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
-
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
-
- public class SqlSessionFactoryUtils {
- private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;//静态对象
- static {
- try{//这里是数据库连接必写的三句
- String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
- InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
- sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
- }catch (IOException e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- public static SqlSessionFactory getSqlSessionFactory(){
- return sqlSessionFactory;//用的时候直接调这个方法
- }
- }
随后写BrandService,这里是将对数据的操作全都封装好,免得到时候麻烦
代码是这样的
- package com.itheima.service;
-
- import com.itheima.mapper.BrandMapper;
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import com.itheima.util.SqlSessionFactoryUtils;
- import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
- import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
-
- import java.util.List;
-
- public class BrandService {
- SqlSessionFactory factory = SqlSessionFactoryUtils.getSqlSessionFactory();//这里获取工厂类
- /*
- 查询所有
- @return
- */
- public List
selectAll(){//查询所有 - //调用BrandMapper.selectAll()
- //2.获取SqlSession
- SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
- //3.获取BrandMapper
- BrandMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BrandMapper.class);
- //4.调用方法
- List
brands = mapper.selectAll();//这里就是操作数据库,然后封装到一个brands列表里 - sqlSession.close();
- return brands;//返回查询到的值
- }
- /**
- * 添加
- * @param brand
- */
- public void add(Brand brand){//这里是添加
-
- //2. 获取SqlSession
- SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
- //3. 获取BrandMapper
- BrandMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BrandMapper.class);
-
- //4. 调用方法
- mapper.add(brand);//往数据库里添加一个brand对象
-
- //提交事务
- sqlSession.commit();
- //释放资源
- sqlSession.close();
- }
- /**
- * 根据id查询
- * @return
- */
- public Brand selectById(int id){//依靠id查询对象
- //调用BrandMapper.selectAll()
- //2. 获取SqlSession
- SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
- //3. 获取BrandMapper
- BrandMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BrandMapper.class);
- //4. 调用方法
- Brand brand = mapper.selectById(id);
- sqlSession.close();
- return brand;
- }
- /**
- * 修改
- * @param brand
- */
- public void update(Brand brand){//修改值
- //2. 获取SqlSession
- SqlSession sqlSession = factory.openSession();
- //3. 获取BrandMapper
- BrandMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(BrandMapper.class);
- //4. 调用方法
- mapper.update(brand);
- //提交事务
- sqlSession.commit();
- //释放资源
- sqlSession.close();
- }
- }
然后是Servlet服务类
通过这些服务我们来操作网页里的数据
SelectAllServlet:
- package com.itheima.web;
-
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import com.itheima.service.BrandService;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.List;
-
- @WebServlet("/selectAllServlet")//这里我们通过标签访问Servlet
- public class SelectAllServlet extends HttpServlet {
- private BrandService service = new BrandService();//先创建一个Brand服务对象
-
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //1、调用BrandService完成查询
- List
brands = service.selectAll();//这里我们直接调用查询 - //2、存入request域中
- req.setAttribute("brands",brands);//存入request域,到时候发出去的就是这个,要查询的话只要调用键查值就行了,request域都是键值对。
- //3、转发到brand.jsp
- req.getRequestDispatcher("/brand.jsp").forward(req,resp);//这里我们调用getrequestDispatcher方法转发到brand.jsp页面中,再通过JSP代码把数据显示出来。
- }
-
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doGet(req,resp);//这样写能同时响应POST请求和GET请求
- }
- }
AddServlet:
- package com.itheima.web;
-
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import com.itheima.service.BrandService;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- @WebServlet("/addServlet")
- public class AddServlet extends HttpServlet {
- private BrandService service = new BrandService();
-
-
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
-
- //处理POST请求的乱码问题
- request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
-
- //1. 接收表单提交的数据,封装为一个Brand对象
- String brandName = request.getParameter("brandName");
- String companyName = request.getParameter("companyName");
- String ordered = request.getParameter("ordered");
- String description = request.getParameter("description");
- String status = request.getParameter("status");
-
- //封装为一个Brand对象
- Brand brand = new Brand();
- brand.setBrandName(brandName);
- brand.setCompanyName(companyName);
- brand.setOrdered(Integer.parseInt(ordered));
- brand.setDescription(description);
- brand.setStatus(Integer.parseInt(status));
-
- //2. 调用service 完成添加
- service.add(brand);
-
- //3. 转发到查询所有Servlet
- request.getRequestDispatcher("/selectAllServlet").forward(request,response);
- }
-
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doGet(request, response);
- }
- }
SelectById:
- package com.itheima.web;
-
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import com.itheima.service.BrandService;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- @WebServlet("/selectByIdServlet")
- public class SelectByIdServlet extends HttpServlet {
- private BrandService service = new BrandService();
-
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //1、接受id
- String id = req.getParameter("id");
- //2、调用service查询
- Brand brand = service.selectById(Integer.parseInt(id));
- //3、存储到request中
- req.setAttribute("brand",brand);
- //4、转发到update.jsp
- req.getRequestDispatcher("/update.jsp").forward(req,resp);
- }
-
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doGet(req, resp);
- }
- }
Updateservlet:
- package com.itheima.web;
-
- import com.itheima.pojo.Brand;
- import com.itheima.service.BrandService;
-
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import java.io.IOException;
-
- @WebServlet("/updateServlet")
- public class UpdateServlet extends HttpServlet {
- private BrandService service = new BrandService();
-
- @Override
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- //处理POST请求的乱码问题
- req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
- //1、接受表单提交的数据
- String id = req.getParameter("id");
- String brandName = req.getParameter("brandName");
- String companyName = req.getParameter("companyName");
- String ordered = req.getParameter("ordered");
- String description = req.getParameter("description");
- String status = req.getParameter("status");
-
- //封装为一个Brand对象
- Brand brand = new Brand();
- brand.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
- brand.setBrandName(brandName);
- brand.setCompanyName(companyName);
- brand.setOrdered(Integer.parseInt(ordered));
- brand.setDescription(description);
- brand.setStatus(Integer.parseInt(status));
-
- //2、调用serice完成修改
- service.update(brand);
-
- //3、转发到查询所有Servlet
- req.getRequestDispatcher("/selectAllServlet").forward(req,resp);
- }
-
- @Override
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
- this.doGet(req, resp);
- }
- }
代码差不多就这样了,做完发现东西还挺多的,面向对象要写的东西还是挺多的。
下面是逻辑的梳理,说实话梳理逻辑确实是要花上一些时间
展现brand页面:通过查询tb_brand和JSP以及HTML、CSS来展现出数据库里的数据
访问顺序:SelectAll.class->brand.jsp
新增数据:填写表单数据->在数据库中实现添加->addServlet->selectAllServlet->发送到brand.jsp->展现数据
访问顺序:brand.jsp->AddServlet.class->update.jsp->SelectAllServlet.class->brand.jsp
修改数据:通过查询当前id所对应的表将其发送到update.jsp0界面->填写修改后的数据->提交表单数据->在数据库中实现修改->查询所有->brand.jsp展现数据
访问顺序:brand.jsp->SelectByIdServlet->update.jsp->updateServlet->SelectAllServlet->brand.jsp