(1). 运行以下三个程序(要求每个程序运行10次),并对输出结果给出分析。在报告中附上程序截图和详细的文字说明。(15分)
程序1:
- package first;
- //The Task for printing a character a specified number of times
- class PrintChar implements Runnable{
- private char charToPrint;//The character to print
- private int times;//The number of times to repeat
- public PrintChar(char c,int t){
- charToPrint=c;
- times=t;
- }
- @Override/*Override the run()method to tell the system
- *what task to perform
- */
- public void run(){
- for(int i=0;i
- System.out.print(charToPrint);
- }
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- class PrintNum implements Runnable{
- private int lastNum;
- //Construct a task for printing 1,2,...,n
- public PrintNum(int n){
- lastNum=n;
- }
- //Tell the Thread how to run
- public void run(){
- for(int i=1;i<=lastNum;i++)
- System.out.print(" "+i);
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- public class ExecutorDemo {
- public static void main(String args[]){
- //Creat tasks
- Runnable printA=new PrintChar('a',100);
- Runnable printB=new PrintChar('b',100);
- Runnable print100=new PrintNum(100);
- //Creat threads
- Thread thread1=new Thread(printA);
- Thread thread2=new Thread(printB);
- Thread thread100=new Thread(print100);
- //Start threads
- thread1.start();
- thread2.start();
- thread100.start();
- }
- }
该程序是线程异步功能是的输出100个a,100个b和100个数字(1~100)
程序2:
该程序与上一题不同的是运用了线程池,用newFixedThreadPool创建了一个线程数为3的线程池,然后将和第一个程序相同的三个线程任务放进线程池,但运行时仍然是线程异步。
代码如下:
- package first_2;
-
- import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
- import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-
- //The Task for printing a character a specified number of times
- class PrintChar implements Runnable{
- private char charToPrint;//The character to print
- private int times;//The number of times to repeat
- public PrintChar(char c,int t){
- charToPrint=c;
- times=t;
- }
- @Override/*Override the run()method to tell the system
- *what task to perform
- */
- public void run(){
- for(int i=0;i
- System.out.print(charToPrint);
- }
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- class PrintNum implements Runnable{
- private int lastNum;
- //Construct a task for printing 1,2,...,n
- public PrintNum(int n){
- lastNum=n;
- }
- //Tell the Thread how to run
- public void run(){
- for(int i=1;i<=lastNum;i++)
- System.out.print(" "+i);
- System.out.println();
- }
- }
- public class ExecutorDemo {
- public static void main(String args[]){
- //Creat a fixed thread pool with maxinum three threads
- ExecutorService executor= Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
- //Submit runnable tasks to the executor
- executor.execute(new PrintChar('a',100));
- executor.execute(new PrintChar('b',100));
- executor.execute(new PrintNum(100));
- //Shut down the executor
- executor.shutdown();
- }
- }
可见仍无规律可循,说明线程池的多线程是线程异步的。
- package first_3;
- import java.util.concurrent.*;
- public class AccountWithoutDSync {
- private static Account account = new Account();
- public static void main(String args[]) {
- ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
- //Creat and launch 100 threads
- for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
- executor.execute(new AddAPennyTask());
- }
- executor.shutdown();
- //Wait until all tasks are finished
- while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
- }
- System.out.println("What is balance? " + account.getBalance());
- }
- //A thread for adding a penny to the account
- private static class AddAPennyTask implements Runnable {
- public void run() {
- account.deposit(1);
- }
- }
- //An inner class for account
- private static class Account {
- private int balance = 0;
- public int getBalance() {
- return balance;
- }
- public void deposit(int amount) {
- int newBalance = balance + amount;
- //This delay is deliberately added to magnify the
- //data-corruption problem and make it easy to see.
- try {
- Thread.sleep(5);
- } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
- }
- balance = newBalance;
- }
- }
- }
程序3:
- package first_3;
- import java.util.concurrent.*;
- public class AccountWithoutDSync {
- private static Account account = new Account();
- public static void main(String args[]) {
- ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
- //Creat and launch 100 threads
- for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
- executor.execute(new AddAPennyTask());
- }
- executor.shutdown();
- //Wait until all tasks are finished
- while (!executor.isTerminated()) {
- }
- System.out.println("What is balance? " + account.getBalance());
- }
- //A thread for adding a penny to the account
- private static class AddAPennyTask implements Runnable {
- public void run() {
- account.deposit(1);
- }
- }
- //An inner class for account
- private static class Account {
- private int balance = 0;
- public int getBalance() {
- return balance;
- }
- public void deposit(int amount) {
- int newBalance = balance + amount;
- //This delay is deliberately added to magnify the
- //data-corruption problem and make it easy to see.
- try {
- Thread.sleep(5);
- } catch (InterruptedException ex) {
- }
- balance = newBalance;
- }
- }
- }
(2). 编写Java应用程序实现如下功能:第一个线程输出数字1,2,..,12,第二个线程输出英文单词数字和月份One January, Two February, …, Twelve December,输出的顺序和格式为1OneJanuary2TwoFebruary...12TwelveDecember,即每1个数字紧跟着2个英文单词的方式。要求线程间实现通信。要求采用实现Runnable接口和Thread类的构造方法的方式创建线程,而不是通过Thread类的子类的方式。在报告中附上程序截图、运行结果截图和详细的文字说明。(15分)
这题最主要的还是线程之间的通信,在每个线程
输出相应的数字或字符后,在下一个输出前,都要判断是否要wait,才能保证相互的连续性
源代码如下:
首先是实现两者通信的类(单独开了一个包):
其中定义了两个线程的进度timeOf...;然后先定义了一个String类型的数组month来使后面输出方便,再就是分别定义了synchronized 下的printNumber和printChatrs方法来使两线程同时进行两着主语句相差不大,printChars下定义了一个index来记录访问month的下标,注意一下两线程的输出顺序(再if里面注意判断)。
- package second;
- public class Connect {
- int timesOfInt = 1;
- int timesOfString = 1;
- String []month = {"One January", "Two February", "Three March", "Four April", "Five May",
- "Six June", "Seven July", "Eight August", "Nine September", "Ten October", "Eleven November", "Twelve December"
- };//先定义一下月份,方便输出
- synchronized void printNumber() {//线程1实现的输出1到12
- for (timesOfInt = 1; timesOfInt <= 12; timesOfInt++) {
- if (timesOfInt > timesOfString) //对应的字母未输出
- {
- try {wait();}
- catch (InterruptedException ex) {}
- }
- System.out.print(timesOfInt);
- notify();//输出后唤醒另一个线程
- }
- }
- synchronized void printChars() {//线程2输出One January到Twelve December
- int index = 0;//记录month的下标
- for (timesOfString = 1; timesOfString <= 12; timesOfString++) {
- if (timesOfInt <= timesOfString) {//相应数字未输出
- try {wait();}
- catch (InterruptedException ex) {}
- }
- System.out.print(month[index++]+" ");//加个空格输出美观点
- notify();//唤醒另一个线程
- }
- }
- }
然后在主运行的类下定义了两个方法printInt和printString均继承了Runnable接口,通过它们来调用非静态Connect中的方法,main类大体就只是调用:
- package second;
- class printInt implements Runnable{
- Connect connect;//创建了connect类实例为了调用非static方法
- printInt (Connect connect1){connect=connect1;}
- public void run(){connect.printNumber();}//实现Ruunable接口
- }
- class printString implements Runnable{
- Connect connect;//创建了connect类实例为了调用非static方法
- printString(Connect connect1){connect=connect1;}
- public void run(){connect.printChars();}//实现Ruunable接口
- }
- public class second{ public static void main(String args[]){
- Connect connect=new Connect();//同一connect创建线程确保通信
- Thread threadA=new Thread(new printInt(connect));//Thread方法实现接口
- Thread threadB=new Thread(new printString(connect));
- threadA.start();
- threadB.start();
- }
- }
-
-
(3). 编写Java应用程序实现如下功能:创建工作线程,模拟银行现金账户取款操作。多个线程同时执行取款操作时,如果不使用同步处理,会造成账户余额混乱,要求使用syncrhonized关键字同步代码块,以保证多个线程同时执行取款操作时,银行现金账户取款的有效和一致。要求采用实现Runnable接口和Thread类的构造方法的方式创建线程,而不是通过Thread类的子类的方式。在报告中附上程序截图、运行结果截图和详细的文字说明。(25分)
这道题很明显用syncrhonized的目的是,存钱时使得这次存款对应的输出余额相对应,不要让同时存的另一个数额也加进这次的余额计算中,所以采用syncrhonized关键字实现
源代码如下:
- package third;
- import java.util.*;
- class Account implements Runnable{
- private double account;//账户总额
- private String name;//账户名
- public double outAccount;//取款
- Account(double money,String s){
- account=money;
- name=s;
- }
- void setOutAccount(){
- System.out.print("请输入要取款的金额:");
- Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
- outAccount=scanner.nextDouble();
- }
- public synchronized void run(){
- setOutAccount();//outAccount记录这次要取的数目
- if(account
- System.out.println("余额不够哦qwq");
- }
- else{
- account-=outAccount;
- System.out.print("取款的金额为:");
- System.out.println(outAccount);
- System.out.println(name+"账户下的余额为:"+account);
- }
- }
- }
- public class third {
- public static void main(String args[]){
- Account account=new Account(10000,"彭于晏");//有参构造创建Account类实例account
- System.out.print("请输入你要取款的次数:");
- Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
- int time=scanner.nextInt();
- for(int i=0;i
- new Thread(account).start();
- }
- }
注意删去Account下的run的synchronized也执行一次,发现第二次要求先输入所有取款金额而不删时不用。
(4). 有一座东西向的桥,只能容纳一个人,桥的东边有20个人(记为E1,E2,…,E20)和桥的西边有20个人(记为W1,W2,…,W20),编写Java应用程序让这些人到达对岸,每个人用一个线程表示,桥为共享资源,在过桥的过程中输出谁正在过桥(不同人之间用逗号隔开)。运行10次,分别统计东边和西边的20人先到达对岸的次数。要求采用实现Runnable接口和Thread类的构造方法的方式创建线程,而不是通过Thread类的子类的方式。在报告中附上程序截图、运行结果截图和详细的文字说明。(25分)
这题和第一题2有点类似的样子,所以直接套过来用了。
源代码:
东边的人定义,变量有名字name第几个人num(用num+1表示),方法setEast实现了对East类的初始化,随后就是对run的实现.
西边的人的定义与东边基本一样,名字啥的修改一下就好了。
- package four;
- class East implements Runnable{
- private String name;//过桥人的名字
- private int num;//记录第num+1个人过桥(因为num当输出了)
- public void setEast(int num){//初始化我搞这了
- String s=Integer.toString(num);
- name="E"+s;
- this.num=num;
- }
- public void run(){//实现Runnable
- System.out.println(name+"正在过桥......");//输出过桥者的信息
- if(num==19)
- System.out.println("东边的人全部过桥啦!");//最后一人过桥则输出提
- }
- }
- class West implements Runnable{//与East类似的定义
- private String name;
- private int num;
- public void setWest(int num){//过桥者
- String s=Integer.toString(num);
- name="W"+s;
- this.num=num;
- }
- public void run(){
- System.out.println(name+"正在过桥......");//输出过桥者的信息
- if(num==19)//最后一人过桥则输出提示
- System.out.println("西边的人全部过桥啦!");
- }
- }
- public class Bridge {
- public static void main(String []args){
- for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
- int count=0;
- East []east=new East[20];
- West []west=new West[20];//定义桥的东西边各20个人
- Thread []threadWest=new Thread[20];
- Thread []threadEest=new Thread[20];//定义两边的线程
- for(int j=0;j<20;j++){
- east[j]=new East();
- east[j].setEast(j);
- threadEest[j]=new Thread();
- threadEest[j]=new Thread(east[j]);
- west[j]=new West();
- west[j].setWest(j);
- threadWest[j]=new Thread();
- threadWest[j]=new Thread(west[j]);//初始化
- }
- for(int j=0;j<20;j++){
- threadWest[j].start();
- threadEest[j].start();//开始
- }
- System.out.println("第"+(i+1)+"一波结束啦!");
- System.out.println("******分割******");
- }
- }
- }
main主要实现了10次循环计数,以及对20个类和线程的初始化,然后就是计算东西
先到达对岸的次数(太菜了只会看着答案人工计算)qwq。
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原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_62431082/article/details/127990170