【考研英语语法】写作中的复杂名词短语

0 写作中的复杂名词短语习题

• 口语中名词经常较为简单
• 写作中名词通常可能有限定词、形容词、另一个名词

1. 前置修饰

• his blue jeans
• the kitchen table
• a broken window
• Andy’s sister
• his badly faded, torn blue jeans.
• Andy’s rather eccentric football-playing sister

2. 后置修饰

• ① 名词 + 介词短语
  • The girl in the green dress
  • The hotel near the river
• ② 名词 + 分词短语
  • A factory making parts for aero engines.
  • The people invited to meet the President.
• ③ 名词 + 定语从句
• ④ 名词 + 形容词短语
  • Materials necessary to illustrate your point.

3. mixed structure

• 疑问词和定语从句引导词有时候会混在一个句子中
  • They asked what I wanted.
  • Where did you say you were going for Christmas?
  • Jack , you say , was going to Sichuan for Christmas.
  • This is the room that I thought we could use for the meeting.

4. 省略结果

• 避免重复
• 功能一：上文出现过的动词结构，或根据语境可以理解的结构，下文不再重复

  • They have promised to compensate the villagers, and we believe that they will (compensate the villagers.)

  • “Is she happy?”
    “I think she is happy.”

  • I like eating cakes and like making cakes.
    I like eating and making cakes.

省略前置

• 当句子以连词开头的时候，可能会在句子的前半部分出现省略
  • When you can send us a postcard, please send us a postcard.
    When you can send us a postcard, please send us a postcard.
  • If I may explain something to you, I’d like to explain something to you.
    If I may, I’d like to explain something to you.

省略与助动词

• Does the dog eat ice-cream?
• He certainly eat ice-cream.
  He certainly does.
• They wanted me to tell them the truth so I told them the truth in the end.
  They wanted me to tell them the truth so I did in the end.

Do so

• 较为正式的说法，用于替换重复的动词短语,强调一个人有意去做的故意行为

  • I need to speak to Anna. I’ll try to speak to Anna tomorrow.

  • He promised to paint staircase but he hasn’t painted the staircase.
    He promised to paint staircase but he hasn’t
    He promised to paint staircase but he hasn’t done so.

  • I love the saxophone, and I always have loved the saxophone. 这个是经常发生的行为，而不是故意的行为，不能用 do so

5. 并列结构中的省略

• 参考并列语法部分